A Foreign Body in Infant Palate: A Case Report

ABSTRACT This report aims to discuss the occurrence and differential diagnosis in hard palate foreign bodies in infants. We present the case of a 16-month-old girl who was found to have plastic part of a toy embedded in her hard palate as a foreign body. The foreign body was extracted with care to avoid aspiration. The possibilities of misdiagnosis and airway aspiration are discussed. Great care was focused on the prevention of airway aspiration.

Oral health-related quality of life of patients undergoing different treatment of facial fractures: The OHIP-14 questionnaire.

BACKGROUND: The choice of surgical approach can affect the quality of life in patients with a facial fracture. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life in surgically treated patients with facial fractures, and to determine the potential difference in the quality of life related to different surgical approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety facial fracture cases were analyzed. They were divided into three groups: operated by skin incision, mucosal incision, and treated conservatively. To examine the quality of life of patients, a questionnaire on the quality of oral health Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 questionnaire was used. RESULTS: In the first days after the injury, patients with transcutaneous approach showed a poorer quality of life in comparison to patients with transmucosal and conservative treatment. The presence of severe posttraumatic pain is significantly more prevalent in patients with transcutaneous surgical approach than in other treatment types. CONCLUSION: During the immediate posttraumatic period, the quality of life is poorer in patients who have undergone transcutaneous approach. There are no differences in the quality of life 1 month or 3 months after the injury. DISCUSSION: Assessment of complaints in the first days after the injury shows statistically significant differences across various therapeutical methods in variables such as pain, discomfort when eating certain foods, aesthetic appeal, nervousness, and relaxation. There is not sufficient evidence related to the differences in these outcomes regarding different surgical approaches for facial fractures.

Extracranial meningiomas in the head-and-neck region: A 15 years' experience.

Meningiomas constitute a large group of tumors of the central nervous system, with the prevalence of 18%-20%. Extracranial localization of meningeomas could appear due to their extracranial origin or due to the spreading of intracranial meningeomas. In this paper, we present our 15 years' experience in the diagnosis and treatment of extra- and intracranial meningiomas invading the head-and-neck region. In the period from 2001 to 2016 at our clinic, there were five patients (three men and two women), with meningiomas of extracranial origin or meningiomas of intracranial origin, spreading into the head-and-neck region. All patients were surgically treated, with the addition of adjuvant radiation therapy in some of the cases. Postoperative and postirradiation complications were described as well.

Performance and characterization of the prototype nm-scale spatial resolution scanning multilayer Laue lenses microscope.

Synchrotron based x-ray microscopy established itself as a prominent tool for noninvasive investigations in many areas of science and technology. Many facilities around the world routinely achieve sub-micrometer resolution with a few instruments capable of imaging with the spatial resolution better than 100 nm. With an ongoing effort to push the 2D/3D resolution down to 10 nm in the hard x-ray regime both fabrication of the nano-focusing optics and stability of a microscope become extremely challenging. In this work we present our approach to overcome technical challenges on the path towards high spatial resolution hard x-ray microscopy and demonstrate the performance of a scanning fluorescence microscope equipped with the multilayer Laue lenses focusing optics.

X-ray phase-contrast imaging with nanoradian angular resolution.

We present a new quantitative x-ray phase-contrast imaging method based on the edge illumination principle, which allows achieving unprecedented nanoradian sensitivity. The extremely high angular resolution is demonstrated theoretically and through experimental images obtained at two different synchrotron radiation facilities. The results, achieved at both very high and very low x-ray energies, show that this highly sensitive technique can be efficiently exploited over a very broad range of experimental conditions. This method can open the way to new, previously inaccessible scientific applications in various fields including biology, medicine and materials science.

Preoperative skin tumours thickness determination by high-frequency ultrasound on head and neck region.

BACKGROUND: High-frequency ultrasound is non-invasive imaging method for examination of skin tumours. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to examine validity of 20-MHz ultrasound in preoperative determination of skin tumour thickness localized on head and neck region as a potentially useful tool for planning of the surgical intervention. METHODS: Seventy-three different skin tumours were preoperatively examined using Dermascan C (Cortex Technology, Denmark) 20-MHz ultrasound equipment. Maximal vertical thickness of tumours was preoperatively determined by ultrasound, and after surgical excision of tumours, on pathohistological preparations using Nippon-Kogaku ocular micrometre. All patohistological specimens were controlled for presence of tumour cells on specimens' margins. RESULTS: Obtained correlation was very high, r = 0.82, without significant statistical difference (P < 0.01) between dimensions determined by 20-MHz ultrasound and histometry. There were no pathohistological specimens with tumours cells found on margins. CONCLUSION: Examination of skin tumours by 20-MHz ultrasound gives reliable additional information about tumour dimensions, sometimes important for therapeutic strategy.

Lack of Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α G-308A and Transforming Growth Factor-ß1 C-509T Polymorphisms in Patients with Deep Neck Space Infections.

Deep neck space infections are defined as infections that spread along the fascial planes and spaces of the head and neck. Even in the era of antibiotics, these infections can and have been potentially life-threatening conditions. The role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) genes in deep neck infections has not been studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of the TNF-α G-308A and TGF-ß1 C-509T polymorphisms in patients suffering from infections of deep neck spaces and to determine the correlation of these polymorphisms with the values of inflammation markers [C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count]. A total of 41 patients with infections of deep neck spaces and 44 healthy controls were screened for TNF-α G-308A and TGF-ß1 C-509T polymorphisms using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The distribution of the TNF-α G-308A genotype in patients did not reveal statistically significant correlation compared to con-trols (p = 0.483, χ(2) = 0.491) as well as the distribution of the TGF-ß1 C-509T genotypes (p = 0.644, χ(2) = 0.725). The distribution of TNF-α -308 and TGF-ß1 -509 alleles was not significantly different in patients compared to controls. Moreover, CRP levels and WBC counts were not associated with TNF-α G-308A and TGF-ß1 C-509T promoter polymorphisms in patients with deep neck infections. In conclusion, our study suggests that the TNF-α G-308A and TGF-ß1 C-509T polymorphisms are not associated with infections of deep neck spaces.

Mandible schwannoma (neurilemmoma) presenting as periapical lesion.

Schwannoma is a benign nerve tumour that originates from Schwann cells, which cover peripheral nerves. Intraosseous schwannoma of the jaw is rare. Primary schwannoma of the mandible presenting as a periapical radiolucency on a non-vital endodontically treated tooth has rarely been referred to in the English medical literature. A rare case of intraosseous schwannoma is reported in a 23-year-old woman. The patient presented clinically with a painful swelling on the right side of the mandible and with a radiologically ill-defined unilocular periapical lesion around the mesial root of the endodontically treated first molar. Surgical treatment involved complete excision of the lesion with a mesial and distal root resection. Histological and immunohistochemical examination showed that the lesion was a primary intraosseous schwannoma of the mandible. Immunohistochemical examination showed a positive and strong reaction for S-100 protein, characteristic of neural tumours. 1 year following surgery, there were no regional recurrences. Radiographically, mandibular intraosseous schwannoma is difficult to differentiate from bone tumours such as ameloblastoma, myxoma, fibrous dysplasia, neurofibroma, central giant cell lesion or periapical lesion, so it should be included in the list of possible periapical pathoses.

False gingival enlargement as a diagnostic problem: a case report.

The aim of the case report was to describe gingival enlargement in a patient who came to the Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology at Nis Dental Clinic. After anamnesis had been taken, and following clinical examination, laboratory blood analysis, radiological examination and pathological examination, it was established that gingival enlargement was a consequence of medicament injection. We are of the opinion that gingival enlargement was a consequence of sclerotic agent injection.

Molecular-frame angular distributions of resonant CO:C(1s) Auger electrons.

The molecular-frame angular distributions of resonantly excited CO:C(1s) --> pi* Auger electrons were determined using angle-resolved electron-ion coincidence spectroscopy in combination with a novel transformation procedure. Our new methodology yields full three-dimensional electron angular distributions with high energy resolution from the measurement of electrons at only two angles. The experimentally determined distributions are well reproduced by calculations performed in a simple one-center approximation, allowing an unambiguous identification of several overlapping Auger lines.

Responses of the human submandibular artery to ACh and VIP.

Endothelial vasodilatory substances may play a central role in the local regulation of vascular tone. We hypothesized that these substances can mediate endothelium-dependent vasodilatory responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the human submandibular artery. We evaluated the contributions of endothelial vasodilatory substances to vessel relaxation in response to ACh and VIP, using different inhibitors of endothelial vasodilation, the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin, the potassium channel blocker, and 4-aminopyridine. ACh and VIP caused an endothelium- and concentration-dependent relaxation in this artery. ACh relaxation was completely blocked after the concomitant addition of N(G)-nitro-L-arginine and indomethacin. The vasorelaxant effect of ACh was not influenced by 4-aminopyridine. VIP relaxation was almost completely abolished by 4-aminopyridine, and was partly inhibited by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine, but was not affected by indomethacin. Thus, in the human submandibular artery, ACh and VIP produced endothelium-dependent vasodilation with different underlying mechanisms: release of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclo-oxygenase products for ACh, and release of NO and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor for VIP.

QED effects in Cu-like Pb recombination resonances near threshold.

In an electron-ion recombination study with Pb53+ dielectronic recombination resonances are found for as low as approximately 10(-3)-10(-4) eV relative energy. The resonances have been calculated by relativistic many-body perturbation theory and through comparison with experiment the Pb53+(4p(1/2)-4s(1/2)) energy splitting of approximately 118 eV is determined with an accuracy comparable to the position of the first few resonances, i.e., approximately 10(-3) eV. Such a precision provides a test of QED in a many-body environment at a level which can still not be reached in calculations.