[Aseptic meningitis season caused by enteroviruses in 2007: molecular-epidemiological aspects].

AIM: Analysis of manifestation of epidemic process of aseptic meningitis and causes of its activation using molecular genetic methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of feces and CSF, nasopharyngeal swabs from 296 patients with aseptic meningitis (AM), as well as 240 samples of drinking water and 6 samples of lake water were studied. Epidemiologic analysis, isolation of enteroviruses in Hep-2 and RD cell cultures, RT-PCR, partial sequencing of 5'NTR and genome region coding VP1 were performed. RESULTS: Marked rise of AM caused by enteroviruses in Nizhny Novgorod during 2001 - 2007 was demonstrated. From August to October 2007, enteroviruses were detected in 93.8% of patients with AM (22.5 per thousand). Seasonal rise of incidence was determined by 9 serotypes of enteroviruses: E30 - 26 cases (53.1%), E7 - 7 (14.3%), E18 - 5 (10.3%), E13 - 3 (6.1%), E9 - 2 (4.0%), CB5 - 3 (6.1%),CA1 - 1 (2.0%), CA9 - 1 (2.0%), CA13 - 1 (2.0%). Serotype E30, represented by two subtypes, dominated. Dominating subtype E30-N1 was closely related with E30 strains isolated in 1994 - 2001 in Europe. Subtype E30-N2 was genetically related with Asian strains isolated in 2000 - 2006. RNA of E7, E9, E13, E18, CB5 viruses and dominating subtype E30-N1 were detected in nasopharyngeal swabs from patients with AM, which can explain rapid and wide spread of these viruses in susceptible population by aspiration route of transmission. CONCLUSION: Increased incidence of AM in Nizhny Novgorod in 2007 was caused by variant of E30 virus, which was genetically related with strains isolated in European countries in 1997.

[The effect of benzene derivatives on the body sensitization of children]. / Vliianie proizvodnykh benzola na sensibilizatsiiu organizma detei.

The health of children from different districts of the town of Kstov, Nizhegorod [correction of Nizhni Novgorod] Province, that has developed petrochemical industry, was studied. The study demonstrated that the children living in a ecologically poor area had high sensitization to benzene derivatives and a high incidence of allergic diseases. Benzene derivatives, such as trimethylbenzene and tetramethylbenzene), have not only a property of sensitizing, but also nonspecific toxic effects on the children.

[The effect of sodium nitroprusside on the membrane potential and mechanical tension of the smooth-muscle cells in the rat aorta]. / Vliianie nitroprussida natriia na membrannyi potentsial i mekhanicheskoe napriazhenie gladkomyshechnykh kletok aorty krysy.

The rat aorta smooth muscles were contracted and depolarised with high potassium or phenylephrin solution which was followed by a relaxation and repolarisation after sodium nitroprusside administration. The latter effect was decreased az a combined action of phenylephrin and high potassium solution. Nitroprusside seems to act through a cGMP-dependent potassium transient activation of the smooth muscle cell membrane.

[Epithelial-smooth muscle interaction in the regulation of the tonus of the airways in rats]. / Epitelial'no-gladkomyshechnoe vzaimodeistvie v reguliatsii tonusa vozdukhonosnykh putei krys.

The rat trachea epithelium was found to affect a catecholamine-induced relaxation of the trachea smooth muscles, to release a relaxing factor, the producing of which depends on calcium and is regulated by calmoduline and proteinkinase C. The epithelium-induced relaxation seems to depend on the animal age.

[The epithelium-dependent mechanism of the bronchodilating action of adrenaline]. / Epiteliizavisimyi mekhanizm bronkhorasshiriaiushchego deistviia adrenalina.

The involvement of the epithelium in the adrenergic reactions of airways smooth muscles was studied. The epithelium-dependent pathway of the bronchodilating action of catecholamines, which played a minor role was found to become decisive in some cases. In that case the epithelial inflammatory lesion could be a cause of reducing the response of the bronchi to catecholamines.