[Secretion of Phenolic Compounds into Root Exudates of Pea Seedlings upon Inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae or Pseudomonas siringae pv. Pisi].

The content of apigenin, naringenin, pisatin, dibutyl-ortho-phthalate, and N-phenyl-2-naphthyl-amine were assayed in root exudates of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings one day after their inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum, bv. viceae or Pseudomonas siringae pv. pisi, which represent, respectively, mutualistic and antagonistic strategies of interaction with a host plant. After inoculation with either bacteria, the concentrations of apigenin and pisatin in the root exudates were equal, whereas the concentrations of naringenin and N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine were different and those of dibutyl-o-phthalate were unchanged. A certain role is suggested for the phenolic compounds in an accomplishment of symbiotic relations of bacteria with a host plant.

[Role of allelopathic compositions in the regulation and development of legume-rhizobial symbiosis].

It was discovered that aromatic compounds isolated from root exudates of three legume species (Pisum sativum L., Vicia faba L. var. major Hartz, and Glycine max L. MERR) and identified as N-phenyl-2-naphthyl amine, dibutyl, and dioctyl esters of orthophthalic acid, which are known to work as negative allelopathic substances, are involved in the regulation of legume-rhizobial symbiosis formation after the inoculation of roots with rhizobia under unfavorable conditions for symbiosis.

[Etiotropic medicinal therapy of viral infections]. / Etiotropnaia lekarstvennaia terapiia virusnykh infektsii.

The paper contains a description of modern data on etiotropic therapy (chemotherapy) for widespread and socially-significant viral infections, like influenza, acute respiratory lesions, herpes-virus infections, hepatitis, AIDS and other extra dangerous viral infections. The survey focuses on the contribution of Russian researchers to creating antiviral chemopreparations.

Gangliosides influence experimental influenza virus infection in mice.

Influenza virus infection in mice may be either stimulated or partially prevented by certain gangliosides, depending on the experimental conditions employed. When injected prior to virus infection gangliosides increased the mortality rate, whereas preincubation with the virus before infection had a protecting effect. Hybrid mice resistant to influenza virus became highly susceptible to infection after injection of a specific ganglioside whereas the corresponding antiganglioside antiserum protected virus-susceptible mice against infection by the virus. These results are discussed in the light of earlier findings that various gangliosides enhance non-specific binding of influenza virus, whereas gangliosides of the GT1b and GD1b type are able to act as specific virus receptors and to promote virus penetration.

[The effect of gangliosides on experimental influenza infection]. / Vliianie gangliozidov na éksperimental'nuiu grippoznuiu infektsiiu.

Experiments in two strains of mice; CBA, susceptible to influenza, and CBAXC57Bl/cXFl, resistant to it, demonstrated stimulation of influenza infection caused by gangliosides. The stimulating effect of gangliosides (GMl, GDla, GTlb) seems to be explained by their insertion into plasma membranes of epithelial cells of the respiratory tract and by an increase, due to it, of the number of superficial virus-specific receptors.

[Stimulating action of liposomes on experimental influenza infection]. / Stimuliruiushchee deistvie liposom na éksperimental'nuiu grippoznuiu infektsiiu.

Intranasal inoculation of liposomes from egg phosphatidylcholine to white mice infected with influenza A virus resulted in the death of practically all animals whereas the death rate in the control group was 30%. A possible mechanism of the effect of liposomes on the virus infection is discussed.

[Kinetics of 3H-remantadine accumulation and excretion in the tissues of pregnant mice and their fetuses]. / Kinetika nakopleniia i vyvedeniia 3H-remantadina v tkaniakh beremennykh myshei i plodakh.

The authors studied the pharmacodynamics of remantadin in fetuses, liver, kidneys and spleen of pregnant mice after a single oral administration of 3H-remantadin in a dose of 2.8 mg/kg. Thirty to 60 min after the drug administration the fetuses and tissues showed the maximal amount of the drug penetrating an organ. The greatest amount of remantadin was detected in the liver, the least amount in the kidneys and fetuses. The drug half-life in organs and fetuses did not exceed 2 hours. Twelve hours after the drug administration the kidneys and spleen demonstrated remantadin traces (less than 0.1%), the fetuses showed 0.2% and the liver about 0.7% of the drug. It is concluded that remantadin is marked by good placenta permeability and that it is completely eliminated from the fetus.

[Effect of ribavirin on the reproduction of influenza B virus]. / Vliianie ribavirna na reproduktsiiu virusa grippa B.

The influence of ribavirin on influenza B virus reproduction was studied at different experimental levels. Ribavirin was found to reduce significantly the production of hemagglutinin and accumulation of infectious influenza B/Lee/40 virus in MDCK cell culture. Synthesis of virus-specific polypeptides of influenza B/Hong Kong/5/72 virus was markedly reduced in its presence. Ribavirin in a dose of 100 mg/kg inhibited the infectious titre of influenza B/Lee/40 virus considerably and prevented the development of inflammatory reactions in pulmonary tissue of white mice.

[Effectiveness of a combination of remantadine and ribamide administered by aerosol in experimental influenzal infection in white mice]. / Izuchenie éffektivnosti kombinatsii remantadina i ribamida pri ikh aérozol'nom vvedenii na éksperimental'nuiu grippoznuiu infektsiiu belykh myshei.

The effectiveness of remantadine, ribamide, and combination there of administered in aerosol on experimental influenza A/Aichi/2/68 virus infection in white mice was studied. Each of the drugs used alone was found to produce significant reduction in the mortality rate. Use of the drugs in combination both for therapeutic-prophylactic and for therapeutic purposes is of the additive nature, reducing the mortality of the animals by 50% as compared with the control group.