[Evaluation of different methods of hemostasis when performing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy].

The experience of performing 44 partial nephrectomies using laparoscopic and lumboscopic approaches is presented. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of different methods of hemostasis when performing nephron sparing interventions was conducted. It is shown that physical methods of hemostasis do not meet the necessary requirements, increasing warm ischemia time and the risk of intraoperative blood loss, and makes it difficult to visualize the boundaries of resection. Pilot study using histological assessment methods proved negative effects of high-frequency energy on parenchyma, which does not allow to recommend this method of hemostasis in nephron sparing surgery. We believe that currently ligature method in partial nephrectomy remains the only reliable and safe method for the achievement of final hemostasis.

[Comparative effectiveness of fluoroquinolones and beta-lactams in the complex therapy of patients with chronic pyelonephritis].

A comparative study has evaluated the effect of fluoroquinolones and beta-lactams on clinical and biochemical manifestations of chronic pyelonephritis (CPN). 108 patients aged from 18 to 59 years (mean age - 40.26 +/- 10.09 years) with secondary CPN against dysmetabolic nephropathy and nephrolithiasis in a phase of active inflammation were observed. The majority of patients were women - 89 (82.4%). CPN was diagnosed in accordance with the N.A. Lopatkin and V.E. Rodoman clinical classification (1974) based on results of complete clinical and laboratory, radiologic and ultrasound examinations. Special methods of investigation included determination of the activity of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant system and the structural parameters of the cell membrane ofpolymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). Pain, dysuria, and intoxication syndrome were arrested in all patients after 14 days of therapy. The high efficacy was reported for patients treated with sparfloxacin. A similar trend was observed in the dynamics of intoxication syndrome regression. In addition, there was a significant reduction of lipid peroxidation products and an increase of alpha-tocopherol in the PMN membranes; the content of phospholipids significantly increased and cholesterol level declined during the treatment. The results showed that use of fluoroquinolones and the B-lactams in the treatment of patients with CPN against the nephrolithiasis leads to a significant relief of clinical symptoms of the disease, as well as to restoration the structural and functional state of PMN membranes. The most distinct and early clinical-laboratory effect was obtained against the background of use of fluoroquinolone sparfloxacin.

[Nutrition mistakes in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the ways of correction].

THE AIM OF REVIEW: To verify the role of nutrition in development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in patients with metabolic syndrome. ORIGINAL POSITIONS: The article contains main conceptions of etiology and pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Spesial attention gives to the role of nutrition in development of this case. The are own dates presented, which shows relationship between degree of obesity, factual nutrition and expression of morphological changes in liver in patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. CONCLUSION: Nutrition mistakes in patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease are: excess of energy, animal proteins and fats, deficit of nutrition fibres, carbohydrates, antioxidants, vitamins B1, B2, PP. The main directions of diet in patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

[The role of fibrin clot degradation products in the regulation of vital functions of PC-12 cells].

The products of the fibrin clot hydrolysis performed by PC-12 cells modulated dose-dependently the rate of cell proliferation and favored their survival when seeded in suboptimal density. Co-incubation of PC-12 cells with fibrin degradation products enhanced cell adhesion to tissue culture plastic, as well as the number of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha3 and alpha5 subunits expressed. It was demonstrated that, in fact, such a heterogeneous and comprehensive influence was a sum of effects exerted by different fibrin fragments. Low molecular weight fraction (below 30 kDa), but not a purified alphaC-domain, stimulated PC-12 cell proliferation, diminished their adhesion to plastic, increased nicotinic receptor expression and caused processes outgrowth. On the contrary, high molecular weight products, in particular D, DD and E fragments, enhanced PC-12 adhesion to plastic and, as a result, slowed cell division. Both high and low molecular weight fragments favored the survival of PC-12 cells. These results showed that fibrin degradation products support the vital functions of neuron-like cells, favor their contacts with extracellular surrounding and act as neurotrophic factors.

[PC-12 cells hydrolyze the fibrin clot by producing both plasminogen and its tissue activator]. / Klityny PC-12 hidrolizuiut' fibrynovyi zhustok shliakhom produktsiï plazminohenu ta ioho tkanynnoho aktyvatora.

It has been shown that rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells degraded fibrin clots in vitro. SDS-PAGE performed in the gels of different density and Western blotting using monoclonal antibodies against DD- and D-fibrin fragments demonstrated that both high and low molecular weight degradation products similar to those of fibrin hydrolysis by plasmin had been formed. Enzyme electrophoresis, chromogenic assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using tPA-specific antibodies demonstrated that PC-12 cells constitutively secreted both plasminogen and tPA. The results obtained allow using PC-12 cells as a model to examine the interaction of nerve cells with the fibrin clot.

[Complement-binding and immuno-modulating properties of polyreactive immunoglobulins]. / Komplementsviazyvaiushchie i immunomoduliruiushchie svoistva polireactivnykh immunoglobulinov.

New data concerning biological properties of polyreactive immunoglobulins (PRIG) were obtained as a result of treatment of mouse serum immunoglobulins by 4 M KSCN and are presented in the paper. In particular, the capacity of PRIG to bind C1q, the subunit of the first component of complement was studied. It was shown that PRIG's binding capacity to C1q is similar to that of intact immunoglobulins. Intravenous administration of PRIG into mice together with either sheep red blood cells or heat-inactivated staphylococcal bacteria did not affect the immune response to these antigens. Meanwhile, the same administration of PRIG together with the purified protein derivate of tuberculin resulted in 10-fold increase of mouse antibody response to PPD. These results demonstrate that PRIG can have some immuno-modulating properties concerning low-immunogenic antigens.

[Regulation of fibroblast adhesion by polyreactive antibodies]. / Rehuliatsiia adheziï fibroblastiv polireaktyvnymi antytilamy.

The effect of polyreactive antibodies on fibroblast adhesion was studied. Dose-dependent decrease of adhesion was found at the stage of adhesive complex formation. A possible mechanism of this effect was determined as a steric influence on integrin agregation and clastering.

[Complex effects of cavinton on climacteric symptoms]. / Kompleksno povliiavane na klimakterichnata simptomatika s cavinton.

The use of nonhormonal drugs in order to ameliorate climacteric symptoms makes it possible to treat also those women in whom there are some contraindications or lack of compliance for taking hormonal replacement therapy. The drugs with complex effects on the whole body functions are more widely used recently. The aim of the present study is to assess the therapeutic effect of Cavinton (vinpocetin) on the degree of climacteric symptoms and to verify its complex beneficial influence. The study comprises of three groups of women in early menopause--control group (n = 30), treatment groups with normolipidaemia (n = 32) and with hyperlipidaemia (n = 29). All women presented with moderately expressed climacteric symptoms as assessed by Kupperman menopausal index and Hamilton-Anxiety-Skala (HAMA). The women in the 2nd and 3rd groups have been taking Cavinton in an oral dose of 5 mg three times daily for 3 months. The following parameters of lipid metabolism were determined in the beginning and at the end of the study: total, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and two indexes of lipid atherogenic risk--total/HDL-cholesterol ratio and atherogenic index (AI) = total--HDL/LDL-cholesterol. The menopausal complaints were assessed by Kupperman index and HAMA. Blood vessels reactivity was determined by pulsation index (PI). Statistically significant decrease in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels as well as amelioration of atherogenic indexes was observed in the 3rd group. Kupperman index and HAMA decreased significantly on the 45th day and the 3rd month in the women under treatment. No significant changes in PI were observed but a tendency towards a decrease was seen in the 3rd group. Our data suggest that Cavinton possesses complex beneficial effects in climacteric women significantly ameliorating climacteric symptoms as well as some parameters of lipid metabolism in women with hyperlipidaemia.

[Transformation of serum immunoglobulins to polyreactive antibodies]. / Transformatsiia syvorotochnykh immunoglobulinov v polireaktivnye antitela.

In order to elucidate the mechanism of induction of serum immunoglobulins polyreactive properties by chaotropic ions, gel-chromatography of immunoglobulins in the medium containing 3.3 M KSCN, has been done. It was found that the transformation of serum immunoglobulins to polyreactive antibodies, which could react with different serological unrelated antigens, was not followed by dissociation of any hypothetical blocking factors. Instead, it was demonstrated that the appearance of polyreactive properties of immunoglobulins was likely to depend on conformational changes of immunoglobulin molecules.

[Ophthalmological symptoms in patients with internal carotid artery pathology]. / Oftal'mologicheskie simptomy u bol'nykh s patologiei vnutrennei sonnoi arterii.

Ophthalmologic examinations were carried out in 92 patients, mean age 55.4 years, with internal carotid artery abnormalities (stenoses and thromboses) confirmed by dopplerography. Various visual disturbances were diagnosed, the most prevalent ocular symptom being transitory homolateral blindness which was detected in 28 (30.4%) patients. Optic disk abnormalities were found in 9 (9.8%) patients, thrombosis (embolism) of the central retinal artery or its branch in 3 (3.3%); 6(6.5%) patients developed monolateral retinopathy which resulted from persistent retinal hypoxemia, and only 1 (1.1%) patient presented with ischemic oculopathy. Later developing neurologic and ophthalmologic complications may be prevented if visual disturbances of this type, particularly transitory ones, are not neglected during diagnosis of carotid diseases.

[Chromatographic analysis and immunobiologic properties of tuberculins]. / Khromatograficheskii analiz i immunobiologicheskie svoistva tuberkulinov.

Immunobiologic activities of tuberculin preparations and their components have been comparatively studied using gel filtration and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques. It is shown that high-molecular weight fraction of protein-purified derivate tuberculin (PPD) had higher activity as compared to nonfractionated preparation in skin tests on guinea pigs sensitized with Mycobacterium bovis BCG as well as in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with affinity purified rabbit antibodies against PPD. Using the preparative HPLC-technique we failed to isolate a component of PPD having greater tuberculin test potency than nonfractionated preparation.

[Seasonal changes in the count of mites of the family Pyroglyphidae in houses in the city of Cheboksary]. / Sezonnye izmenenie chislennosti kleshchei semeistva Pyroglyphidae v zhilykh domakh goroda Cheboksary.

The results of human dwelling houses surveying for the presence of home dust mites and study of seasonal changes of their quantity in the town of Cheboksary are given. It has been found that the old wooden houses are inhabited by mites, in modern blocks of flats they are met rather seldom. The quantity of alive mites is maximum in September-October. The common number of mites is the greatest in December-January although the quantity of alive mites at this time is only 6.8%.

[Pharmaco-ethological study of analgesia induced by intraspecies fighting behavior]. / Farmakoétologicheskoe izuchenie anal'gezii, vyzvannoi vnutrividovoi konfrontatsiei.

The time-dependent characteristics and ethological features of intraspecies fighting-induced analgesia were demonstrated in experiments on dominant and submissive-defeated mice. Opiate but not GABAergic mechanisms were found to be involved in fighting-induced analgesia in submissive-defeated mice.