Presence and quantity of antibodies after vaccination «Gam-COVID-Vac¼.

The determine is to study the presence and quantity of specific antibodies in individuals vaccinated against COVID-19. A study of 37 blood serums of healthy adults vaccinated against COVID-19 with the vaccine «Gam-COVID-Vac¼ (or «Sputnik V¼, National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after N.F. Gamalei) was conducted. Blood sampling was carried out 42 days after the introduction of the first component of the vaccine, and 3, 4, 5, 6 months after the end of the full course of vaccination. The presence and quantity of total IgM/IgG antibodies in the blood serum was determined by immunochemiluminescence analysis on an automatic immunochemical analyzer «Cobas e 411¼ («Roche Diagnostics¼, Germany). The results were processed by modern statistical methods. 42 days after the introduction of the first component of the vaccine «Gam-COVID-Vac¼ AT was developed in all study participants, the values of their number were variable and ranged from 36,43 to 265,43 BAU/ ml. 3, 4, 5 and 6 months after the end of the full course of vaccination AT were detected in all study participants. 6 months after the end of the full course of vaccination the number antibodies decreased by 28,16%.

Diagnostic characteristics of serological tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 cases.

To study the diagnostic characteristics of test systems for detecting antibodies to SARS-Cov-2. We studied the diagnostic characteristics of two test systems for detecting antibodies to SARS-Cov-2, registered in the Russian Federation. The first test system is a kit for detecting total antibodies to SARS-Cov-2 using immunochemiluminescence analysis on the «Cobas e 411¼ analyzer («Roche Diagnostics¼, Germany). The second test system is a kit for detecting IgM and IgG to SARS-Cov-2 («Core Technology Co., Ltd¼, China) by immunochromatographic analysis. The biological material for the study was blood serum. We assessed: diagnostic sensitivity, diagnostic specificity, and predictive value of positive and negative results. In the test system for detecting total antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, using an IHLA, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 100%; the predictive value of positive and negative results was 100%. In the test system for the detection of IgM and IgG to Sars-CoV-2, using IHA, diagnostic sensitivity for IgM and IgG were 100%; diagnostic specificity for IgM - 60%, for IgG - 72%; predictive value of a positive result for IgM - 60%, IgG - 68,18%; predictive value of negative results for IgM and IgG - 100%. The best diagnostic characteristics were found in the test system for the detection of total antibodies to SARS-Cov-2, which must be taken into account when deciding whether to purchase test systems for the detection of antibodies to SARS-Cov-2.

Fluorescence from 3,5-diphenyl-8-CF3-BODIPYs with amino substituents on the phenyl rings: Quenching by aromatic molecules.

The photoluminescence from n-hexane solutions of the dyes obtained by the introduction of amino groups into the meta position of the phenyl rings of 3,5-diphenyl-8-CF3-BODIPY was found to be strongly quenched by some aromatic molecules (benzene and toluene). On the contrary, the introduction of an amino group into the para position does not lead to significant quenching. The quenching of photoluminescence from the meta derivatives obeys the mixed static + dynamic mechanism. Temperature-dependent time-resolved fluorescence measurements were performed to determine the Stern-Volmer constants of the static and dynamic components of quenching. It follows from these data that the binding energy between luminophore and toluene molecules is about 5.0 kcal/mol in the ground state and larger than 3.4 kcal/mol in the excited state. Complexation with toluene facilitates the intramolecular charge transfer in the BODIPY derivatives with the meta position of the amino groups, resulting in photoluminescence quenching.

[Down's syndrome with congenital acute leukemia and congenital heart disease]. / Sluchai sindroma Dauna s vrozhdennym ostrym leikozom i vrozhdennym porokom serdtsa.

OBJECTIVE: To report a rare case of Down's syndrome with congenital acute leukemia and congenital heart disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have retrospectively analyzed an electronic database of patients aged 0-17 years who underwent inpatient treatment of congenital heart disease at the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery for the period from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2018. Incidence of Down's syndrome in children with congenital heart defects was 5.36% of the total number of children with congenital heart defects. No gender differences were identified. The most common congenital heart defects were ventricular septal defect, atrioventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot. Down's syndrome and congenital heart disease were diagnosed prenatally in 33 out of 319 patients. A rare case of Down's syndrome combined with congenital heart disease and acute leukemia is described. Treatment outcome was unfavorable. CONCLUSION. S: Evere concomitant diseases in a child with Down's syndrome determine high postoperative morbidity and mortality. Prenatal diagnosis of Down's syndrome via screening of pregnant women for ultrasound and biochemical markers of this pathology is required.

Comparative analysis of the impact of blood collection systems on the results of the study of indicators hemostasis system.

Comparative analysis of the impact of blood collection systems on the results of routine coagulation tests. The aim of this study was to conduct comparative analysis of the effects of blood collection systems on the results of routine coagulation tests. The study involved practically healthy women over 18 years of age female (n=30). Inclusion criteria: practically healthy individuals. Exclusion criteria: taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or oral contraceptives. Blood collection was carried out in the following systems: 1 system-Vacuette Premium,2 system- Improvacuter, 3 system- BD Vacutainer® Plus. Before and after centrifugation, visual assessment of tubes was performed.No signs for the presence of clots, hemolysis, or insufficient filling was observed. In each sample we measured prothrombin time (PV, sec), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT, sec), and fibrinogen (F, g/l) by clotting method on the automatic coagulometer «Sta Compact¼ («Diagnostica Stago¼, France). The results of laboratory analyses were processed using parametric and non - parametric statistics using The Statistica 12.0 software. At the preanalytical laboratory stage, there were no differences when using systems for blood sampling: the clots and hemolysis were not detected in the samples, the level of filling of the sistems was sufficient. Comparative analysis revealed small, though statistically significant, differences for: PT when comparing Improvacuter wiht Vacuette Premium or BD Vacutainer®; APPT when comparing Improvacuter wiht Vacuette Premium. No differences were observed for Fg levels. Our results support the data available in the literature on the effects of blood-taking systems on hemostasis , which should be taken into account when purchasing blood collection systems.

Live-imaging of revertant and therapeutically restored dystrophin in the DmdEGFP-mdx mouse model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

BACKGROUND: Dmdmdx , harbouring the c.2983C>T nonsense mutation in Dmd exon 23, is a mouse model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), frequently used to test therapies aimed at dystrophin restoration. Current translational research is methodologically hampered by the lack of a reporter mouse model, which would allow direct visualization of dystrophin expression as well as longitudinal in vivo studies. METHODS: We generated a DmdEGFP-mdx reporter allele carrying in cis the mdx-23 mutation and a C-terminal EGFP-tag. This mouse model allows direct visualization of spontaneously and therapeutically restored dystrophin-EGFP fusion protein either after natural fibre reversion, or for example, after splice modulation using tricyclo-DNA to skip Dmd exon 23, or after gene editing using AAV-encoded CRISPR/Cas9 for Dmd exon 23 excision. RESULTS: Intravital microscopy in anaesthetized mice allowed live-imaging of sarcolemmal dystrophin-EGFP fusion protein of revertant fibres as well as following therapeutic restoration. Dystrophin-EGFP-fluorescence persisted ex vivo, allowing live-imaging of revertant and therapeutically restored dystrophin in isolated fibres ex vivo. Expression of the shorter dystrophin-EGFP isoforms Dp71 in the brain, Dp260 in the retina, and Dp116 in the peripheral nerve remained unabated by the mdx-23 mutation. CONCLUSION: Intravital imaging of DmdEGFP-mdx muscle permits novel experimental approaches such as the study of revertant and therapeutically restored dystrophin in vivo and ex vivo.

Plasma cytokine profile in synucleinophaties with dementia.

Immune response may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the common synucleinopathy as Parkinson's disease (PD) and could be mediated with the accumulation of neurotoxic alpha-synuclein. There is limited evidence for immune response in another synucleinopathy as dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Recent data suggest that immune response may contribute to cognitive impairment. We aimed to estimate plasma cytokine profile in patients with synucleinopathies with dementia (PD dementia (PDD), DLB). Plasma cytokine levels (interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin (IL)-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)). were estimated in 16 patients with DLB, 19 patients with PDD, 28 patients with PD without dementia (PD) and 19 individuals without neurological disorders (controls) using Luminex array system. Cognitive status was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). TNF-alpha and IL-6 plasma levels were elevated in patients with synucleinopathies with dementia (DLB, PDD) compared to controls and IL-10 plasma level was increased in PDD compared to controls (p < 0.05). IFN-gamma levels were decreased in PD and PDD patients compared to controls (p < 0.001, p = 0.026, respectively) and in PD patients than in DLB patients (p = 0.032). Patients with PD, PDD, and DLB were characterized by increased plasma levels of MCP-1 compared to controls (p < 0.001). At the same time, no differences in TNF-alpha, IL-10, IL-6 plasma levels in PD patients compared to controls were found. Our study demonstrated more pronounced immune response in synucleinopathies associated with dementia compared to PD without demetia.

[Improving the quality of hematological studies using sigmametry.]

The purpose - evaluated the quality of the implementation of hematology studies using sigmametry. Studies were perfomed at the Federal state budgetary establishment "Federal center cardiovascular surgery". The data were collected in the period for 2017 y. The following hematology parameters were monitored daily: white cells, red blood cell, platelet, hemoglobin. For conducting laboratory quality control we used certified three-level (Level 1 (low) , Level 2 (normal)and Level 3 (High)) control material "CBC-XE Hematology control" ("R and D Systems", USA). The study of blood hematology parameters was carried out on an automatic hematology analyzer "Sysmex XT- 2000i" and "Sysmex XT- 1800i" ("Sysmex Corporation", Japan). Sigmametry values were calculated the CV (coefficient of variation), the systematic error (Bias) and the total allowable analytical error (TE max). On the analyzer «Sysmex XT- 2000i¼ sigma values for platelet were between 3 and 4. For white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin the value of the sigma was greater than 4. On the analyzer «Sysmex XT- 1800i¼ for platelet, white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin the value of the sigma was greater than 4. Based on the results obtained, we drew conclusions on the choice of control material and the frequency of the internal laboratory quality control. The introduction of sigmametry in the daily activities of clinic laboratory will improve the quality of the determination of platelet, which requires further observation.

Antimicrobial Activity of Geometric Isomers of Etherolenic Acid-the Products of Plant Lipoxygenase Cascade.

Data on the influence of the double bond geometry on the antimicrobial properties of different isomers of etherolenic acid against phytopathogenic bacteria are presented. (ω5Z)-Etherolenic acid possesses bactericidal properties against Xanthomonas campestris ssp. vesicatoria, Pseudomonas syringae ssp. tomato, Pectobacterium atrosepticum SCRI1043; the etherolenic and (11Z)-etherolenic acids possess only bacteriostatic properties.

[Gastrointestinal microbiota of the newborns of the first month of life of the Tver region.]

The purpose of our work was to identify the features of the newborn´s microbiota formation during first month of their life on the model of the Tver region. The samples of oral fluid, meconium and feces of the first month newborns were examined in 38 full-term and 21 premature children of both sexes to determine the spectrum and quantity of oral fluid and intestine microorganisms. As the result, it was found that in full-term and vaginally delivered infants the microbiota of the oral cavity and intestine was characterized by greater diversity than in children delivered by C-section, in which Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, E. coli, Fusobacteria, Clostridia, and Veilonella were lacked. In premature infants, especially delivered by C-section, there was a sharp decrease in the incidence and number of representatives of normal oral and intestinal microbiota and an increase in opportunistic pathogens, for example yeast fungi of the genus Candida. The efficacy of L. rhamnosus and L.paracasei, isolated from the intestines of newborns, was shown in relation to conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic cultures of microorganisms that most often cause an infectious process in the gastrointestinal tract of children.

[The Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function by Echocardiography in Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction].

OBJECTIVE: to compare non-invasive evaluation of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function (DF) by echocardiography using algorithms of the 2009 and 2016 American Society of Echocardiography (ASE)/European Association of Echocardiography (EAE, now European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging [EACVI]) Recommendations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 100 patients with sinus rhythm and preserved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). In all patients LV DF was assessed using both algorithms. In accordance with the ASE/EAE 2009 algorithm pulsed-wave tissue Doppler early diastolic velocity (e velocity) at lateral and septal basal regions of mitral annulus, as well as left atrial maximum volume index were evaluated. In accordance with the ASE/EACVI 2016 algorithm for judging the presence of LV diastolic dysfunction (DD), in addition to the two above-described criteria, E/e ratio and peak velocity of tricuspid regurgitation were analyzed. In the presence of 1 and more or equal 3 criteria LVDF was classified as normal and DD, respectively. If 2 criteria were detected result was considered as indeterminate. RESULTS: In 70% of patients in accordance with the ASE/EACVI 2016 algorithm DF was evaluated with 4 and in 100% - with 3 proposed criteria. The reason for using only 3 criteria was inadequate imaging of tricuspid regurgitation flow by continuous wave Doppler. Use of ASE/EACVI 2016 compared with the ASE/EAE 2009 algorithm in patients with normal LV EF led to a significant decrease of the number of patients with LV DD (13 vs. 27%, respectively; <0.05). The main reason for this redistribution was lowering of the cutoff value of annular e septal velocity from 8 (2009 algorithm) to 7 cm/sec (2016 algorithm). Frequency of indeterminate results with the use of 2016 algorithm was 2 times less than with the use of 2009 algorithm (15 vs. 36%, respectively; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In patients with preserved LVEF the use of ASE/EACVI 2016 algorithm led to redistribution of data of evaluation of LVDF by echocardiography towards reduction of the number of patients with LV DD and with indeterminate results.

[ANALYSIS OF POPULATION IMMUNITYAGAINST INFLUENZA PRIOR TO 2014 AND 2015 EPIDEMIC SEASONS].

AIM: Control for the population herd immunity against seasonal influenza viruses as well as for emergence of antibodies against influenza with pandemic potential in human blood sera. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HAI reaction against vaccine and epidemic influenza viruses as well as HPAI viruses A/rook/Chany/32/2015 (H5N1) (clade 2.3.2. lc.) andA/Anhui/01/2013 (H7N9). RESULTS: Among all the sera samples collected in the autumn of 2014 and 2015, none had reacted in HAI against A(H5N 1) and A(H7N9) antigens even at 1:10 dilution. Among samples collected in autumn 2014, 41% were positive to A/California/07/09(H1Nlpdm9) virus, 36% - A/Texas/50/2012 (H3N2), 40% - B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Vict.lin.) and 47% reacted in HAI against the B/Massachusetts/2/2012 (Yam.lin.) strain. 22% of all the samples had a titer of at least 40 against all the antigens and only 10% in HAI had a titer of 40 or more against all the vaccine strains. Among the samples collected in autumn 2015, the number of seropositive against A/California/07/09(HlNlpdmO9) varied from 31% in the Urals FD to 46% in the Southern FD. The amount of seropositive against A/Switzerland/9715293/13 (H3N2) strain was at the level of 4 - 13% in all the FDs except Urals, where this parameter was slightly above 30%. The amount of seropositive against vaccine influenza B viruses varied from 23 to 76%. Only 2% of sera had titers in HAI of 40 or above against all the vaccine strains, 29% of all the samples were seronegative. CONCLUSION: Population immunity in Russia against influenza A(H3N2) is at a very low level, thus socially significant consequences of influenza epidemics in many aspects will depend on the vaccination campaign of autumn 2016.

Fatal Cases of Seasonal Influenza in Russia in 2015-2016.

The influenza epidemic in 2015-2016 in Russia is characterized by a sharp increase of influenza cases (beginning from the second week of 2016) with increased fatalities. Influenza was confirmed in 20 fatal cases registered among children (0-10 years), in 5 cases among pregnant women, and in 173 cases among elderly people (60 years and older). Two hundred and ninety nine people died from influenza were patients with some chronic problems. The overwhelming majority among the deceased (more than 98%) were not vaccinated against influenza. We isolated 109 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and one A(H3N2) virus strains from 501 autopsy material samples. The antigenic features of the strains were similar to the vaccine strains. A phylogenic analysis of hemagglutinin revealed that influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus strains belonged to 6B genetic group that had two main dominant subgroups during the 2015-2016 season. In Russia strains of the first group predominated. We registered an increased proportion of strains with D222G mutation in receptor-binding site. A herd immunity analysis carried out immediately prior to the epidemic showed that 34.4% blood sera samples collected in different regions of Russia were positive to A/California/07/09(H1N1)pdm09. We came to a conclusion that public awareness enhancement is necessary to reduce unreasonable refusals of vaccination.

[THE REFERENCE VALUES OF AGGREGATION OF PLATELETS IN ADULT POPULATION OF THE ASTRAKHAN OBLAST USING AGGREGOMETER MULTIPLATE].

The modern international standards recommend each laboratory to develop or to confirm available in literature the reference intervalsfor every laboratory indicator In the Astrakhanskaia oblast, sampling of128 healthy males andfemales were examinedfor aggregation function of thrombocytes using impedance technique and applying aggregometer Multiplate ("Verum Diagnostica", Germany). The study used as inductors peptide activating receptor of thrombin; arachidonic and adenosine diphosphoric acids. The reference range of aggregation of thrombocytes with peptide activating receptor of thrombin, at aggregometer Multiplate, in healthy population of theAstrakhanskaia oblast made up to 815.2-1498.4 AU/min, with arachidonic acid--660-1341 AU/min. with adenosine diphosphoric acid--598-1120 AU/min.

[TYPING OF LEPTOSPIRA SPP. STRAINS BASED ON 16S rRNA].

AIM: Comparative typing of Leptospira spp. strain collection based on analysis of 16S RNA fragment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 2 pairs of primers were used for PCR, that jointly flank 1423b.p. sized fragment. Sequences of Leptospira spp. strain 16S rRNA, presented in the international database, were used for phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS: A high similarity, including interspecies, of the 16S fragment in Leptospira spp. strains was shown independently of the source, serovar and serogroup. Heterogeneity of the primary matrix, spontaneous mutations of hotspots and erroneous nucleotide couplings, characteristic for 16S sequence of pathogenic Leptospira spp. strains, are discussed. Molecular-genetic characteristic of certain reference Leptospira spp. strains by 16S sequence is obtained. CONCLUSION: Results of the studies give evidence on expedience of introduction into clinical practice of identification of Leptospira spp. by 16S sequence directly from the clinical material, that would allow to significantly reduce identification time, dismiss complex type-specific sera and other labor-intensive methods.

Pathogen-induced conditioning of the primary xylem vessels - a prerequisite for the formation of bacterial emboli by Pectobacterium atrosepticum.

Representatives of Pectobacterium genus are some of the most harmful phytopathogens in the world. In the present study, we have elucidated novel aspects of plant-Pectobacterium atrosepticum interactions. This bacterium was recently demonstrated to form specific 'multicellular' structures - bacterial emboli in the xylem vessels of infected plants. In our work, we showed that the process of formation of these structures includes the pathogen-induced reactions of the plant. The colonisation of the plant by P. atrosepticum is coupled with the release of a pectic polysaccharide, rhamnogalacturonan I, into the vessel lumen from the plant cell wall. This polysaccharide gives rise to a gel that serves as a matrix for bacterial emboli. P. atrosepticum-caused infection involves an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the vessels, creating the conditions for the scission of polysaccharides and modification of plant cell wall composition. Both the release of rhamnogalacturonan I and the increase in ROS precede colonisation of the vessels by bacteria and occur only in the primary xylem vessels, the same as the subsequent formation of bacterial emboli. Since the appearance of rhamnogalacturonan I and increase in ROS levels do not hamper the bacterial cells and form a basis for the assembly of bacterial emboli, these reactions may be regarded as part of the susceptible response of the plant. Bacterial emboli thus represent the products of host-pathogen integration, since the formation of these structures requires the action of both partners.

[The reference intervals of antithrombin III in population of the Astrakhanskaia oblast at application of automated coagulometers.]

The foreign and national professional societies of laboratory diagnostic recommend to every laboratory to develop own or substantiate available in literature reference intervals for every laboratory index. The reference interval of antithrombin III was established for adult population of the Astrakhanskaia oblast according available standards on automated coagulometers "ACL 9000" (Instrumentation Laboratory, USA) and "STA Compact" (Diagnostica Stago, France). The received data were compared with data present in instructions to reactive kits for detection of antithrombin III and reference literature. The reference interval AT III in adult population of the Astrakhanskaia oblast has no dependencies on gender and age and can be compared with reference intervals mentioned in instructions to reactive kits for detection of activity of AT III of firms producers Instrumentation Laboratory (USA) and Diagnostica Stago (France) in the reference literature. The reference intervals AT III mentioned in instructions to reactive kits produced by Instrumentation Laboratory (USA) and Diagnostica Stago (France) and in reference literature can be applied for interpretation of results of detection of activity of AT III by automated coagulometers "ACL 9000" (Instrumentation Laboratory, USA) and "STA Compact" (Diagnostica Stago, France) in adult population of the Astrakhanskaia oblast.

[MARKERS OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN PATIENTS OPERATED FOR COMPLICATIONS OF INFECTIOUS ENDOCARDITIS].

The study of markers of systemic inflammatory response in patients with infectious endocarditis showed that at admittance they had elevated blood C-reactive protein and ferritin levels while leukocyte count and fibrinogen content remained normal. C-reactive protein and ferritin levels increased on day 1 of the postoperative period and tended to grow further on day 3 when both parameters reached maximum values; they started to decrease on day 6 These data indicate that C-reactive protein and ferritin levels can be used to characterise the postoperative conditions of the patients including manifestations of systemic inflammation and outcome of surgical treatment.

[Effects of weak magnetic fields on different phases of planarian regeneration].

We analyzed the effects of weak combined magnetic fields, tuned to the cyclotron resonance condition for calcium ions, obtained in different phases of planarian regeneration. We showed that the result of regeneration in 72 hours after decapitation depends on the length of exposure, and the time between decapitation and initiation of a half-hour exposure. The experimental dependence can be explained by a multiplicity of enzymatic targets activated in different phases of the regeneration process.

2-(1-Hydroxypropyn-2-yl)-1-vinylpyrroles: the first successful Favorsky ethynylation of pyrrolecarbaldehydes.

1-Vinylpyrrole-2-carbaldehydes react with acetylene at atmospheric pressure in a NaOH/EtOH/DMSO system at 7-10 °C to afford 2-(1-hydroxypropyn-2-yl)-1-vinylpyrroles in 53-94% yield. Thus, the first base-mediated direct ethynylation of pyrrolecarbaldehydes with free acetylene under modified conditions of the Favorsky reaction has been implemented to pave an expedient route to important biomolecules containing a pyrrole ring.