Resemblances and differences between osteoradionecrosis of the jaw and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to identify the clinical, radiological, and histological characteristics of patients diagnosed with osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) and treated at the Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Clinic of the Emergency Clinical County Hospital of Targu Mures between 2017 and 2022. The study aimed to analyze correlations between patient characteristics, particularly their history of bone modifying agent use or local radiotherapy during cancer treatment, in order to identify specific patient profiles that could aid in evaluating treatment response and guide individualized treatment strategies. Methods: Fifty-two patients diagnosed with ONJ were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups based on their medical history: the bone modifying agent use group and the radiotherapy group. Clinical, radiological, and histological data were collected and analyzed. Statistical analysis, including p-values, was performed to compare patient characteristics between the two groups. Results: Patients in the radiotherapy group were significantly older than those in the bone modifying agent use group (66 years vs. 56.9 years, p=0.001). There was a higher proportion of males in the radiotherapy group compared to the bone modifying agent use group (90% vs. 22%, p<0.001). Jaw involvement was more prevalent in the radiotherapy group compared to the bone modifying agent use group (95% vs. 66%, p=0.018). Histological analysis showed a similar frequency of Actinomyces species in both groups (50% vs. 34%, p=0.264). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest the existence of two distinct patient profiles based on their treatment history (bone modifying agent use vs. radiotherapy) in ONJ. Patients in the radiotherapy group were older, predominantly male, and exhibited a higher prevalence of jaw involvement. Histological analysis revealed no significant differences in Actinomyces species frequency between the two groups. These distinct patient profiles may indicate different responses to treatment, emphasizing the need for individualized treatment strategies tailored to specific patient characteristics. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and develop personalized approaches for managing ONJ.

Recurrent submandibular fistula after Sunitinib treatment in a patient with renal cell carcinoma: a case report.

Sunitinib is commonly used in the treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma and is associated with serious side-effects. We present the first report of a recurrent submandibular fistula in a patient treated with sunitinib. A 68-year-old man was referred to our clinic for a cutaneous fistula situated on the right side of his lower jaw. The patient had been diagnosed with bone metastases from a renal carcinoma 2 years ago and had received a single 4 mg dose of zoledronic acid and subsequent treatment with sunitinib 37.5 mg once daily for the past 4 weeks. The patient was treated surgically by a perilesional incision and primary closure with sutures, advised on meticulous oral hygiene and was kept on an antimicrobial agent in the form of clindamycin. After reinitiating his oncological treatment with sunitinib the cutaneous fistula re-appeared and bone abnormalities were also detected on his X-ray. After 18 months a contralateral cutaneous fistula was observed along with a spontaneous avulsion of the patient's left molar. Repeat surgical treatment and sequestrectomy was performed with the subsequent histopathological examination revealing a suspicion of osteonecrosis of the jaw and an associated Actinomyces infection.

Selecting the Best Surgical Treatment Methods in Oro-Antral Communications.

INTRODUCTION: an oro-antral communication is defined as a permanent pathological connection between the maxillary sinus and the septic oral cavity. Several flaps can be used for the closure (buccal flap, palatal flap, combination techniques) but relapses occur often in case of a large defects and underlying general conditions. Bichat fad pad flap is a multipotent pedicled fatty tissue that is easily accessible from the oral cavity that can be used for the closure of medium-sized defects, even in immunocompromised patients due to its stem cell capacity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: the medical information of the patients diagnosed with oro-antral communications who were admitted and treated in the Oral and Maxillo-Facial Clinic Targu Mures, between 2013 and 2020 were analyzed. A database containing general information, reported causes, associated diseases, surgical methods used during admission, and relapses, was created. The information was statistically processed. The written consent and ethical approval were obtained. RESULTS: the study shows that from a total of 140 cases, 72 were treated using buccal advancement flap, 49 using Bichat fat pad flap, and 19 using palatal flaps. The dimensions of the communications ranged between 0.3 cm and 1.5 cm. Several statistically significant results could be found when comparing the surgical methods. Of the 72 patients treated with buccal advancement flaps, 25 presented relapses as opposed to the patients treated with Bichat fat pad flaps who showed no complications, p < 0.05. Analysing this aspect further, all large defects (10 cases) ranging from 0.6 cm to 1.5 cm treated with advancement buccal flaps (Rehrmann flaps) showed relapses (p < 0.05). Considering the general conditions, out of 7 patients who received radiotherapy 4 presented relapses, as opposed to the healthy patients, p < 0.05. Regarding the reintervention for the relapsed cases, the majority of the cases treated a second time with buccal advancement flap (5 out of 7 cases) failed as opposed to the Bichat fat pad flap with no further relapses (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: the most frequently used surgical treatment is the buccal flap, which also has the highest relapse rate. Both primary treatment with Bichat fat-pad flap and re-treatment of relapses using this flap have had 100% success rates, even in patients with general associated conditions, in contrast with patients treated by using the buccal flap. The dimensions of the oro-antral communication and general conditions are crucial factors for the success of the surgical treatment.

Intraosseous venous malformation of the zygomatico-orbital complex. Case report and literature review with focus on confusions in vascular lesion terms.

Intraosseous vascular malformations (VascM) of the facial skeleton are rare entities, raising difficulties even today in their treatment. We present a case for zygomatic intraosseous venous malformation of traumatic etiology with growth dynamics presentation and a multidisciplinary treatment approach, with intravascular embolization surgical ablation and primary reconstructruction using a titanium patient-specific implant (PSI), and a review of the literature for intraosseous vascular lesions of the facial skeleton focusing on the diagnostic syntagms used by the involved medical personnel, to shed light on the confusions over these terms.

Ultrasonography-histopathology correlation in major salivary glands lesions.

Major salivary glands display a various and complex pathology, showing different evolution and prognosis, depending on the histopathological form. The choice of an appropriate treatment plan for the best outcome, therefore the proper surgical approach, would imply preoperative knowledge of the histopathological diagnosis. However, any core-biopsy performed prior to surgery presents the risk of a false result and increases the difficulty of latter surgery. Therefore, some complementary examinations are used, among these, ultrasonography. The retrospective study (April 2010-March 2013) conducted in the Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Emergency County Hospital, Tirgu Mures, Romania, aims to evaluate the relevance of the ultrasonography by itself in leading towards a proper preoperative assessment and diagnosis, and thus, in choosing the proper treatment plan. The study included 33 lesions of the major salivary glands, undergoing first ultrasonography, then curative surgery. Different characteristics (shape, dimension, consistency, vascularization, homogeneity, delimitation) were assessed on ultrasonography as well as on histopathology; finally, the correlation between those two examinations was evaluated, by comparing diagnoses. The results of our study are similar to others, showing that ultrasonography can diagnose preoperatively the majority lesions of major salivary glands. The conclusions of the study sustain the importance of ultrasonography as a routine examination in major salivary glands lesions.

[Acinic cell adenocarcinoma of the lip]. / Adenocarcinom cu celule acinare cu localizare la nivelul buzei. Prezentare de caz.

The variable histological appearance of acinic cell carcinoma coupled with its uncommon occurrence account for considerable diagnostic difficulties. We present the case of a 68 years old women, with a salivary cyst localised in the upper lip. The tumour mass was excised, fixed in formaline, embedded in paraffin and the sections were stained with Haematoxylin-Eosin, PAS-Haematoxylin, PAS-Alcian blue and Perls. The tumour was nodular, well circumscribed, with a cystic appearance on the cut surface. Microscopically, the tumour had a papillary-cystic growth, with one large cystic space lined by epithelium of variable thickness and branching projections of epithelium occupying a large portion of the cyst's lumen. Different cellular features were recognised in the tumour, with the presence of both serous and mucous acinar differentiation. Also, vacuolated cells were present in a large number. Acinic cell adenocarcinoma is a malignant epithelial neoplasm in which the neoplastic cells demonstrate not only serous acinar differentiation. The clinical and histopathological findings are discussed in the light of the literature.