RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Although psychosocial risk evaluation (PRE) is legally required, implementation is often suboptimal. Occupational health specialists face various challenges in implementing a systematic PRE process. AIMS: To evaluate if a checklist strengthens the competencies of occupational physicians in PRE design and implementation. METHODS: A prospective pilot survey with a baseline and follow-up assessment at 12 months was conducted with occupational physicians who applied the checklist. Three outcome criteria were assessed: (i) physicians' general competence in PRE, (ii) physicians' self-reported skills in PRE and (iii) feasibility of the checklist. RESULTS: Twenty-four occupational physicians participated. Checklist users reported increased competence in PRE at follow-up, increasing in competence twice as much as physicians who did not use the checklist during the study period although this was not statistically significant. With regard to specific skills over time, checklist users reported increased knowledge of the PRE procedure (P < 0.05), as well as increased strategic planning for PRE (P < 0.01). All feasibility criteria were rated positively. CONCLUSIONS: Our checklist may help occupational health clinicians to overcome the barriers that are responsible for the gap between official recommendations and occupational health and safety practice in PRE. However, our results are based on a preliminary study with a limited sample size.
Assuntos
Lista de Checagem/instrumentação , Medicina do Trabalho/métodos , Médicos/normas , Medição de Risco/métodos , Adulto , Lista de Checagem/normas , Alemanha , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Médicos/tendências , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Recursos HumanosRESUMO
The implementation of psychosocial risk assessment at the workplace often fails in practice. One reason is the lack of competence of those who are in charge of the process. We present a checklist for the effective implementation of psychosocial risk assessment at workplace. This tool shall support occupational physicians in the preparation, planning and implementation of a psychosocial risks assessment process. Based on a stepwise development and validation process, specific steps and factors for the successful implementation were identified qualitatively with 15 occupational physicians and experts. This was conducted in a 2-stage Delphi study. In the following, the identified steps and factors were transferred into a checklist. Subsequently, the checklist was evaluated in a focus group of occupational physicians (user evaluation). Thereafter, the contents were subjected to an expert evaluation. Our checklist for the effective implementation of the process of psychosocial risk management in the workplace aims to strengthen the competence of occupational physicians, especially in the implementation of risk assessments in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
Assuntos
Lista de Checagem/normas , Prova Pericial/normas , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Doenças Profissionais/diagnóstico , Medicina do Trabalho/normas , Estresse Psicológico/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Competência Clínica/normas , Feminino , Alemanha , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medicina do Trabalho/métodos , Psicologia , Psicometria/normas , Medição de Risco/normas , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Depressão/epidemiologia , Depressão/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Médicos/psicologia , Local de Trabalho/psicologia , Ansiedade/complicações , Ansiedade/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Medicina , Médicas/psicologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Apoio Social , Especialização , Estresse Fisiológico/complicações , Estresse Fisiológico/etiologia , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologiaRESUMO
After an uneventful pregnancy a girl was born with serious joint contractures and several fractures of the long bones. The family history was negative for congenital abnormalities. Based on the distinct clinical presentation the diagnosis was 'amyoplasia', which is a partial aplasia of skeletal muscles. The cause of amyoplasia is unknown. As well as the partial muscle aplasia, which is symmetrical and mainly affects the extremities, joint contractures and deep dimples in the skin around the joints are present. Several frequently associated abnormalities have been reported, including abdominal hernias, midface capillary haemangiomas and hypoplastic external genitalia. The condition is always sporadic; there is a striking discordance within monozygotic twins and the offspring of patients is normal. In contrast with the severe neonatal presentation, the clinical prognosis is relatively good owing to intensive multidisciplinary treatment and the normal intelligence of the patients.