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1.
Vet Parasitol ; 228: 96-102, 2016 Sep 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27692340

RESUMO

This study was designed to evaluate the in vitro anticoccidial properties against Eimeria tenella of different essential oils and their major active components. Efficacy of ten essential oils from different Thai indigenous plants were preliminarily screened and only those with potential were further tested for effective concentrations and identifying their active compounds. Oocysticidal property was evaluated in term of sporulation inhibition of oocysts and the percentage of unsporulated, sporulated and degenerated oocysts, after treatment with 125µg/ml of the selected essential oil, the sample was enumerated by haemocytometer, while coccidiocidal activity was assessed by the inhibition of sporozoite invasion in MDBK cell lines. Results showed that only Boesenbergia pandurata and Ocimum basilicum essential oils had strong sporulation inhibition activity by providing a higher ratio of degenerated oocysts and their IC50 were 0.134 and 0.101mg/ml, respectively. GC-MS analysis of B. pandurata essential oil found trans-b-ocimene, camphor, 1,8-cineole, geraniol, camphene, methyl cinnamate, l-limonene and linalool as the major components, while methyl chavicol, α-bergamotene, 1,8-cineole and trans-ß-ocimene were the main compounds of O. basilicum essential oil. Methyl cinnamate and camphor were the active components of B. pandurata oil, whereas methyl chavicol was the active component of O. basilicum oil by exhibiting the oocysticidal effect against E. tenella with IC50 values of 0.008, 0.023 and 0.054mg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, B. pandurata and O. basilicum oils also showed a strong cytotoxic property against coccidia with more than 70% inhibition of sporozoite invasion in MDBK cell lines, and their IC50 were 0.004 and 0.004mg/ml, respectively. Methyl cinnamate as well as camphor from B. pandurata and methyl chavicol from O. basilicum were also effective with IC50 values of 0.029, 0.023, and 0.022mg/ml, respectively.


Assuntos
Coccidiose/veterinária , Coccidiostáticos/farmacologia , Eimeria tenella/efeitos dos fármacos , Ocimum basilicum/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Zingiberaceae/química , Derivados de Alilbenzenos , Animais , Anisóis/farmacologia , Bovinos , Linhagem Celular , Cinamatos/farmacologia , Coccidiose/tratamento farmacológico , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Eimeria tenella/citologia , Oocistos , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia
2.
Nat Prod Commun ; 10(8): 1387-90, 2015 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26434124

RESUMO

Dolichandrone serrulata (DC.) Seem flowers are widely used as vegetables in northern and eastern Thailand. Biological studies of the methanolic extract of these flowers have shown promising antioxidant activity. Biological-guided separation of D. serrulata flowers yielded six compounds, identified as hallerone, protocatechuic acid, rengyolone, cleroindicin B, ixoside, and isomaltose. This is the first report on hallerone, protocatechuic acid, rengyolone, cleroindicin B, and isomaltose in D. serrulata. Protocatechuic acid was the most potent scavenger of 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl radicals with IC50 values of 25.6 +/- 0.6 and 29.6 +/- 0.4 microM, respectively. Hallerone and rengyolone showed moderate scavenging action on superoxide radicals and inhibited H202 induced reactive oxygen species production in HEK-293 cell. In addition, the other isolated compounds showed weak activity.


Assuntos
Bignoniaceae/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Flores/química , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Extratos Vegetais/química
3.
Pharm Biol ; 52(3): 273-80, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24102651

RESUMO

CONTEXT: Citrus hystrix de Candolle (Rutaceae), an edible plant regularly used as a food ingredient, possesses antibacterial activity, but there is no current data on the activity against bacteria causing periodontal diseases. OBJECTIVE: C. hystrix essential oil from leaves and peel were investigated for antibiofilm formation and mode of action against bacteria causing periodontal diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm formation activities were determined by broth microdilution and time kill assay. Mode of action of essential oil was observed by SEM and the active component was identified by bioautography and GC/MS. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: C. hystrix leaves oil exhibited antibacterial activity at the MICs of 1.06 mg/mL for P. gingivalis and S. mutans and 2.12 mg/mL for S. sanguinis. Leaf oil at 4.25 mg/mL showed antibiofilm formation activity with 99% inhibition. The lethal effects on P. gingivalis were observed within 2 and 4 h after treated with 4 × MIC and 2 × MIC, respectively. S. sanguinis and S. mutans were completely killed within 4 and 8 h after exposed to 4 × MIC and 2 × MIC of oil. MICs of tested strains showed 4 times reduction suggesting synergistic interaction of oil and chlorhexidine. Bacterial outer membrane was disrupted after treatment with leaves oil. Additionally, citronellal was identified as the major active compound of C. hystrix oil. CONCLUSIONS: C. hystrix leaf oil could be used as a natural active compound or in combination with chlorhexidine in mouthwash preparations to prevent the growth of bacteria associated with periodontal diseases and biofilm formation.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Citrus/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Monoterpenos Acíclicos , Aldeídos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Clorexidina/administração & dosagem , Clorexidina/farmacologia , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Monoterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Óleos Voláteis/administração & dosagem , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Doenças Periodontais/microbiologia , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Folhas de Planta , Fatores de Tempo
4.
Pak J Pharm Sci ; 26(3): 473-7, 2013 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23625419

RESUMO

The outbreak of histamine fish poisoning has been being an issue in food safety and international trade. The growth of contaminated bacterial species including Morganella morganii which produce histidine decarboxylase causes histamine formation in fish during storage. Histamine, the main toxin, causes mild to severe allergic reaction. At present, there is no well-established solution for histamine fish poisoning. This study was performed to determine the antibacterial activity of essential oils from Thai spices against histamine-producing bacteria. Among the essential oils tested, clove, lemongrass and sweet basil oils were found to possess the antibacterial activity. Clove oil showed the strongest inhibitory activity against Morganella morganii, followed by lemongrass and sweet basil oils. The results indicated that clove, lemongrass and sweet basil oils could be useful for the control of histamine-producing bacteria. The attempt to identify the active components using preparative TLC and GC/MS found eugenol, citral and methyl chavicol as the active components of clove, lemongrass and sweet basil oils, respectively. The information from this study would be useful in the research and development for the control of histamine-producing bacteria in fish or seafood products to reduce the incidence of histamine fish poisoning.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Histamina/biossíntese , Morganella morganii/efeitos dos fármacos , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Especiarias , Alpinia/química , Antibacterianos/química , Cymbopogon/química , Histidina Descarboxilase/metabolismo , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Morganella morganii/metabolismo , Ocimum basilicum/química , Óleos Voláteis/química , Syzygium/química , Zingiberaceae/química
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