Relación del índice de masa corporal con el nivel de actividad física en preescolares / Relation of BMI with physical activity in preschool children

Objetivo. Determinar la relación del Índice de Masa Corporal con el nivel de Actividad Física en preescolares del jardín de niños Zacatecas. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, correlacional. Se incluyeron 73 niños y niñas preescolares del jardín de niños Zacatecas. La información se recolectó mediante la aplicación del cuestionario de Actividad Física (C-PAQ). Para determinar el Índice de Masa corporal se midió el peso y talla. Resultados. Del total de preescolares que participaron en el estudio, predominaron los del sexo masculino, con edad entre 3 a 6 años. Se encontró que más de la mitad de los preescolares presentó peso normal y casi la tercera parte presentó sobrepeso y obesidad. El 6.8 por ciento de los prescolares reportan un alto nivel de sedentarismo, sedentarismo en el 26 por ciento. Respecto a la actividad física el 50.7 por ciento que clasificó como moderadamente activo, 13.7 por ciento activo y 2.7 por ciento muy activo. No se encontró asociación entre el índice de masa corporal del niño según los percentiles y la práctica de actividad física (p>.05). Tampoco se encontró asociación entre las horas frente al televisor y el estado nutricio según los percentiles (p>.05). Conclusiones. Las actividades físicas que realizan los preescolares en los establecimientos educativos, sirve como un factor protector sin embargo se encuentra una prevalencia elevado de sobrepeso y obesidad, por lo que es de suma importancia la identificación de factores de riesgo para la prevención en esta esta etapa y desarrollar estrategias familiares y escolares integren la actividad física(AU)

Objective: to determine the relationship of BMI with the level of physical activity in preschool kindergarten Zacatecas. Methods: we performed a descriptive, correlational. We included 73 preschool children from kindergarten Zacatecas. The information was collected by applying the physical activity questionnaire (PAQ-C). To determine the body mass index was measured weight and height. Results: of all preschoolers who participated in the study, a predominance of males, aged between 3-6 years. We found that more than half of preschoolers showed normal weight and almost a third of overweight and obesity. The 6.8 percent of preschoolers report a high level of inactivity, sedentary lifestyle in 26 percent. Regarding physical activity to 50.7 percent classified as moderately active, 13.7 percent and 2.7 percent active very active. No association between body mass index of the child according to percentiles and physical activity (p> .05). No associations were found between television viewing and nutritional status according to percentiles (p> .05). Conclusions: physical activities preschoolers engaged in educational institutions, serves as a protective factor however is a high prevalence of overweight and obesity, so it is very important to identify risk factors for prevention at this stage and this family and school strategies integrate physical activity(AU)

Formulation and in Vitro, ex Vivo and in Vivo Evaluation of Elastic Liposomes for Transdermal Delivery of Ketorolac Tromethamine.

The objective of the current study was to formulate ketorolac tromethamine-loaded elastic liposomes and evaluate their in vitro drug release and their ex vivo and in vivo transdermal delivery. Ketorolac tromethamine (KT), which is a potent analgesic, was formulated in elastic liposomes using Tween 80 as an edge activator. The elastic vesicles were prepared by film hydration after optimizing the sonication time and number of extrusions. The vesicles exhibited an entrapment efficiency of 73 ± 11%, vesicle size of 127.8 ± 3.4 nm and a zeta potential of -12 mV. In vitro drug release was analyzed from liposomes and an aqueous solution, using Franz diffusion cells and a cellophane dialysis membrane with molecular weight cut-off of 8000 Da. Ex vivo permeation of KT across pig ear skin was studied using a Franz diffusion cell, with phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at 32 °C as receptor solution. An in vivo drug permeation study was conducted on healthy human volunteers using a tape-stripping technique. The in vitro results showed (i) a delayed release when KT was included in elastic liposomes, compared to an aqueous solution of the drug; (ii) a flux of 0.278 mg/cm2h and a lag time of about 10 h for ex vivo permeation studies, which may indicate that KT remains in the skin (with the possibility of exerting a local effect) before reaching the receptor medium; (iii) a good correlation between the total amount permeated, the penetration distance (both determined by tape stripping) and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measured during the in vivo permeation studies. Elastic liposomes have the potential to transport the drug through the skin, keep their size and drug charge, and release the drug into deep skin layers. Therefore, elastic liposomes hold promise for the effective topical delivery of KT.