RESUMO
ObjetivoEvaluar la eficacia del ejercicio físico sobre el nivel físico, funcional y psicológico de personas mayores institucionalizadas.Material y métodoEstudio cuasi-experimental sobre personas mayores institucionalizadas en dos residencias. La intervención consistió en un programa de ejercicio físico suave de 2 sesiones semanales de 60min durante 8 semanas. Se evaluó la movilidad articular, fuerza muscular, marcha y equilibrio, situación funcional, dolor, estado cognitiva y sensación de bienestar psicológico.ResultadosLos participantes se dividieron en grupo de intervención (n=24) y grupo control (n=27). Se obtuvieron mejorías estadísticamente significativas en la extensión de rodilla, flexores de codo y extensores de rodilla, equilibrio y marcha, capacidad funcional y cognitiva, así como bienestar del grupo de intervención. Finalmente, tras el tratamiento, la percepción de dolor fue menor.ConclusionesLa aplicación de programas de ejercicio físico presenta resultados positivos tanto en aspectos de carácter físico como funcional y psicológico. Por tanto, tratamientos de ejercicio físico pueden permitir al anciano prevenir o retardar diversas alteraciones asociadas al envejecimiento, evitando con ello incapacidades y pérdidas de funciones(AU)
ObjectiveTo assess the effects of physical exercise on physical, functional and psychological dimensions in nursing home residents.Material and methodA quasi-experimental design was used to test for treatment effects in a sample of elderly residents in two nursing homes. The treatment consisted of 8 weeks (two 60-minute sessions per week) of light physical exercise. Joint mobility, muscle strength, walking and stability, functional capacity, pain, cognitive status and psychological well-being were assessed as potential treatment outcomes.ResultsParticipants were divided in a treatment group (n=24) and a control group (n=27). Statistically significant differences were found in knee extension, elbow flexors and knee extensors, stability and walking ability, as well as in functional capacity, cognitive functioning, and well-being. Pain perception decreased after the treatment.ConclusionsThe application of a physical activity program had positive effects on physical, functional and psychological facets of the residents lives. Therefore, physical activity may prevent or reduce several medical and psychological problems associated with old age, thus avoiding functional loss and disability(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Condicionamento Físico Humano , Saúde do Idoso Institucionalizado , Avaliação Geriátrica/métodos , Satisfação Pessoal , Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos/tendênciasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of physical exercise on physical, functional and psychological dimensions in nursing home residents. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A quasi-experimental design was used to test for treatment effects in a sample of elderly residents in two nursing homes. The treatment consisted of 8 weeks (two 60-minute sessions per week) of light physical exercise. Joint mobility, muscle strength, walking and stability, functional capacity, pain, cognitive status and psychological well-being were assessed as potential treatment outcomes. RESULTS: Participants were divided in a treatment group (n=24) and a control group (n=27). Statistically significant differences were found in knee extension, elbow flexors and knee extensors, stability and walking ability, as well as in functional capacity, cognitive functioning, and well-being. Pain perception decreased after the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The application of a physical activity program had positive effects on physical, functional and psychological facets of the residents' lives. Therefore, physical activity may prevent or reduce several medical and psychological problems associated with old age, thus avoiding functional loss and disability.
