Outcome following surgery for solitary kidney in children.

We reviewed 8700 urological patients treated as inpatients over a period of 30 years, among them 386 children with primary or secondary solitary kidneys. Forty-one of these children had to undergo surgery for secondary pathological conditions of their solitary kidney. Diagnosis, treatment and results are analysed and tabulated for 20 primary and 21 secondary solitary kidneys. Generally, the prognosis of a primary solitary kidney is poorer than that of a secondary solitary kidney. Patients who have to undergo dialysis belong to the group with primary solitary kidneys. The worst prognosis is that for the combination of subvesical stenosis and associated uropathy.

Bubble free cell culture aeration with porous moving membranes.

For the cultivation of mammalian cells a new aeration system was developed. Its construction with hydrophobic porous Accurel hollow fiber membranes and the use in reactors with 1 and 20 l reaction volume will be presented and introduced by means of the cultivation of a genetically manipulated mouse cell line. The mass transfer capacity of this system is demonstrated as a function of gas flow rates through the membrane and of the membrane movement.

Production of human beta-interferon in mouse L-cells.

Mouse L-cells, producing glycosilated human beta-interferon constitutively, were cultivated on microcarriers in bioreactors, equipped with a bubble-free aeration system up to 22 1 scale. Suitable aeration membrane surfaces and medium exchange rates permitted cultivation up to 8 X 10(6) cells/ml with a specific beta-interferon productivity of 2 X 10(4) U/10(6) cells/day. A correlation was found between the number of cell layers on the microcarriers and the specific human beta-interferon productivity.

Clinical symptoms and therapy of lung separation.

This paper refers to the different terminology used in so-called lung separation/sequestration and to the standpoint of the pathologist. Theories of development are discussed. Clinical symptoms, diagnosis, indications for operation and operative technique are described, and nine cases of lung separation (six with extralobar and three with intralobar forms) tabulated analysed. Among them there is a 5-month-old female infant with extralobar lung separation in the right hemithorax resulting in recurrent pleural effusions with severe respiratory insufficiency. There was evidence of aeration in the pathohistological preparation. Pleural effusion and the origin of the aeration in the separated lung are discussed.

Increased formation of cinnamoyl putrescines by fedbatch fermentation of cell suspension cultures of Nicotiana tabacum.

The tobacco cell line TX1 (Nicotiana tabacum) accumulates up to 10 mg cinnamoyl putrescines/g dry weight. This level was further increased under various growth limiting conditions. The negative effect of accumulated phosphate on the optimal expression of cinnamoyl putrescine biosynthesis was prevented by the fedbatch fermentation technique. A batch fermenter yielded 160 mg cinnamoyl putrescines/1 while a phosphate fedbatch fermentation produced 400 mg/1. This was mainly due to the fact that P in the cells was kept low during the whole growth cycle.