Passo a passo do planejamento digital para confecção de alinhadores ortodônticos in office / Step-by-step digital planning for in office orthodontic aligners

Resumo Nos últimos anos, a rotina dos ortodontistas vem sendo impactada com o desenvolvimento da tecnologia de softwares de planejamento ortodôntico digital. Por ser uma excelente ferramenta para diagnóstico e planejamento para qualquer técnica ortodôntica e ser um passo fundamental do tratamento ortodôntico com alinhadores transparentes, é importante a adequação a essa nova realidade e rotina clínica. Esse pode ser um processo lento e pode significar trabalho árduo e um grande sacrifício por parte de profissionais menos adeptos à tecnologia ou com pouca experiência e conhecimento dos processos necessários. Este estudo propôs orientar o ortodontista e conduzi-lo, por meio de um passo a passo, ao conhecimento e aplicação do fluxo de planejamento digital (workflow), tendo em vista que essas dificuldades podem representar uma barreira para o desenvolvimento profissional. Foram descritas as etapas que devem ser seguidas no processo de tratamento ortodôntico com alinhadores, explicando e elucidando as ferramentas de planejamento virtual utilizadas em softwares gratuitos ou pagos, disponíveis no momento de desenvolvimento desse trabalho. Concluiu-se que o workflow exige conhecimento ortodôntico, além de uma abordagem técnica e apresenta 9 estágios que devem ser rigorosamente seguidos e executados de maneira sequencial e com atenção.(AU)

Abstract Over the last years the orthodontist's routine has been impacted by the development of digital orthodontic planning software technology. As an excellent tool for diagnosis and planning for any orthodontic technique and as a fundamental step in orthodontic treatment with clear aligners, it is necessary to adapt to this new reality and clinical routine. However, this can be a slow process and may require demanding work and a great sacrifice on the part of professionals who are less adept at the technology or with little experience and knowledge of the necessary processes. This article aimed to guide orthodontists through a step-by-step approach to the knowledge and application of digital planning flow (workflow) since these difficulties can represent a barrier to professional development. The steps that should be followed in the process of orthodontic treatment with aligners were described, explaining, elucidating the virtual planning tools used in free or paid software, available at the time of developing this work. It was concluded that workflow requires orthodontic knowledge, in addition to a technical approach, and has nine stages which should be strictly followed and executed in a sequential and careful manner. (AU)

Blood Feeding Sources of Nyssomyia antunesi (Diptera: Psychodidae): A Suspected Vector of Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in the Brazilian Amazon.

Present work aimed to identify blood feeding sources and attempt to detect Leishmania DNA in Nyssomyia antunesi, suspected vector of Leishmania sp., from a park in the urban center of Belém, the capital of Pará State, in the Brazilian Amazon. Entire bodies and gut contents of Ny. antunesi engorged females, previously captured in the urban park with Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light traps and aspiration on tree bases, were subjected to Leishmania and vertebrate DNA detection through amplification of the Leishmania mini-exon and vertebrate cytochrome b (cyt b) gene regions, respectively. The quality of DNA extraction from entire bodies was ensured through amplification of the dipteran cyt b region. The vertebrate cyt b amplicons were sequenced and compared with those available on GenBank. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed to assess the clustering patterns of these sequences. Leishmania DNA was not detected. The sequences of 13 vertebrate cyt b amplicons were considered informative, exhibiting similarity and clustering with the following six vertebrate species: Dasyprocta leporina (1), Cuniculus paca (1), Tamandua tetradactyla (4), Choloepus didactylus (4), Pteroglossus aracari aracari (2), Homo sapiens (1). The samples of D. leporina and C. paca were obtained from the CDC canopy, whereas the others were by aspiration from tree bases. The present results revealed the eclectic and opportunist blood-feeding behavior of Ny. antunesi, with birds and mammals, these last ones acting as potential reservoirs for Leishmania species, distributed throughout the vertical forest strata.

Prevalence and morphological analysis of the atheromatous plaque in digital panoramic radiograph of a brazilian subpopulation / Prevalencia y análisis morfológico de las placas ateromatosas en radiografías panorámicas digitales de una subpoblación brasileña

This study had as a goal to analyze the prevalence of suggestive images of atheromatous calcification in the common carotid artery, aiming to relate it to age, sex, antimere and to analyze the morphology of its calcification, through digital panoramic radiographs of the jaws. It's an observational, transversal and retrospective study, on which there were analyzed 4.837 radiographs, that came from the files of a dental radiology private service in the city of Cabo de Santo Agostinho-PE, Brazil, referring to the period between 2011-2017. The morphology of the calcified atheromatous plaque was classified in: Grade I ­ normal (plaque not displayed); Grade II ­ intimal thickening; Grade III ­ simple plaque (less than 5mm thick); Grade IV ­ complex plaque (over 5mm thick) and Grade V ­ debris (irregular plaque with moving projections). The data collected was expressed in absolute values and frequency, analyzed through the chi-square, considering p< 0,05. Of the analyzed radiographs, 1.321 filled the eligibility criteria, of these 51 (3,8%0 presented suggestive image of atheromatous plaque, 71% were of the female sex (p = 0,003), 45% were at the age range between 5th and 6th decade of life (p= 0,001), most of the identified plaques were unilateral, to the left (p=0,02) and 76% were morphologically classified as grade III (less than 5mm thick). In this study, it was verified the low prevalence of suggestive images of atheromatous in carotid artery, with greater occurrence on the female sex, between the 5th and 6th decade of life, unilaterally, to the left and morphologically classified in grade III.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la prevalencia de imágenes sugerentes de calcificación ateromatosa en la arteria carótida común, con el objetivo de relacionarla con la edad, sexo, antimería y analizar el aspecto morfológico de la calcificación, a través de radiografías panorámicas digitales de los maxilares. Se trata de un estudio observacional, transversal y retrospectivo, en el que se analizaron 4.837 radiografías, provenientes de los archivos de un servicio privado de radiología dental en la ciudad de Cabo de Santo Agostinho-PE, Brasil, referido al período 2011-2017. La morfología de la placa ateromatosa calcificada se clasificó en: Grado I - normal (no aparece placa); Grado II: engrosamiento de la íntima; Grado III: placa simple (menos de 5 mm de espesor); Grado IV: placa compleja (más de 5 mm de grosor) y grado V: Irregular o amorfo (placa irregular con proyecciones móviles). Los datos recolectados se expresaron en valores absolutos y frecuencia, analizados mediante el chi-cuadrado, considerando p <0,05. De las radiografías analizadas, 1.321 cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad, de estas 51 (3,8% presentaron imagen sugerente de placa ateromatosa, 71% eran del sexo femenino (p = 0,003), 45% estaban en el rango de edad entre 5 y 6a década de la vida (p = 0,001), la mayoría de las placas identificadas eran unilaterales, hacia la izquierda (p = 0,02) y el 76% se clasificaron morfológicamente como grado III (menos de 5mm de espesor). verificó la baja prevalencia de imágenes sugerentes de ateromatosas en arteria carótida, con mayor ocurrencia en el sexo femenino, entre la 5ª y 6ª década de la vida, unilateralmente, hacia la izquierda y clasificadas morfológicamente en grado III.

Prevalence and factors associated with intimate partner violence among women in Recife/Pernambuco, Brazil.

Intimate partner violence is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among women. Although there are no official statistics, data reveal a high prevalence worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with intimate partner violence among women in a community in Recife, Pernambuco. A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted with 245 women in the 15 to 49-year age bracket. A questionnaire with sociodemographic variables was used, together with the WHO Violence Against Women (VAW) study tools and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The participants all signed an informed consent form. The prevalence of intimate partner violence was classified by type of violence: emotional - 52.7%; physical - 46.1 %; and sexual - 13.6%. Bivariate analysis revealed an association between experiencing violence with not having a partner (p = 0.001) and drug use (p ≤ 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the variables were strongly associated with the outcome: sexual intercourse for fear (OR 5.58); depressive-anxious mood (OR 2.69); drug use (OR 2.57). A high prevalence of intimate partner violence in the community, especially emotional violence, emerges as an important finding, indicating the need for care in prevention and the overall health of this population.

Prevalência e fatores associados à violência por parceiro íntimo em mulheres de uma comunidade em Recife/Pernambuco, Brasil / Prevalence and factors associated with intimate partner violence among women in Recife/Pernambuco, Brazil

Resumo Violência por Parceiro Íntimo consiste em importante causa de morbimortalidade de mulheres. Embora não existam estatísticas oficiais, dados apontam para elevada prevalência mundial. Este estudo objetivou estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados à violência por parceiro íntimo em mulheres de uma comunidade em Recife/Pernambuco. Realizou-se estudo de corte transversal, incluindo 245 mulheres, na faixa etária de 15 a 49 anos. Utilizou-se questionário com variáveis sociodemográficas, acrescido dos instrumentos WHO VAW STUDY e Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20). As participantes assinaram Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. A prevalência de violência por parceiro íntimo foi, por tipo de violência sofrida: emocional, 52,7%; física, 46,1%; e sexual, 13,6%. A análise bivariada evidenciou associação entre ter sofrido violência com não ter companheiro (p = 0,001) e uso de drogas (p ≤ 0,001). Na Análise Multivariada, as variáveis encontradas fortemente associadas ao desfecho: relação sexual por medo (OR 5,58); humor depressivo-ansioso (OR 2,69); uso de drogas (OR 2,57). Alta prevalência de violência por parceiro íntimo nessa comunidade, especialmente a violência emocional, destaca-se como relevante achado, indicando a necessidade de cuidados na prevenção e saúde geral dessa população.

Abstract Intimate partner violence is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among women. Although there are no official statistics, data reveal a high prevalence worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with intimate partner violence among women in a community in Recife, Pernambuco. A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted with 245 women in the 15 to 49-year age bracket. A questionnaire with sociodemographic variables was used, together with the WHO Violence Against Women (VAW) study tools and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The participants all signed an informed consent form. The prevalence of intimate partner violence was classified by type of violence: emotional - 52.7%; physical - 46.1 %; and sexual - 13.6%. Bivariate analysis revealed an association between experiencing violence with not having a partner (p = 0.001) and drug use (p ≤ 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the variables were strongly associated with the outcome: sexual intercourse for fear (OR 5.58); depressive-anxious mood (OR 2.69); drug use (OR 2.57). A high prevalence of intimate partner violence in the community, especially emotional violence, emerges as an important finding, indicating the need for care in prevention and the overall health of this population.