[Physical activity and sedentary lifestyle: family and socio-demographic determinants and their impact on adolescents' health]. / Actividad física y sedentarismo: Determinantes sociodemográficos, familiares y su impacto en la salud del adolescente.

OBJECTIVE: Estimating whether adolescents' sedentary behaviour and their lack of physical activity is determined by family characteristics or socio-cultural aspects and their impact on health and adiposity level. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 932 adolescents were surveyed. Information regarding physical activity, sedentary behaviour, anthropometric index and family characteristics (structure, dynamics and functioning) was estimated by adolescents answering a questionnaire. RESULTS: The sample's average age was 16.07±1.09 years old, 56.3 % were female, 66.3 % had a low level of physical activity and 51.9 % were sedentary. A lack of physical activity occurred more frequently in females (56.8 % cf 41.5 %: p=0.000); family characteristics did not influence such risk behaviour. A relationship between physical activity and sedentary lifestyle with BMI could not be demonstrated, whilst waist circumference was associated with risky behaviour patterns. Teenagers in good health were more active (36.1 % cf 27 %) and less sedentary (49.3 % cf 59.4 %) than those for whom an unhealthy state was reported. CONCLUSION: Sedentary behaviour and a lack of physical activity were more determined by socio-demographic factors than family aspects, such behaviour pattern having a direct influence on the adolescents' health.

Actividad física y sedentarismo: Determinantes sociodemográficos, familiares y su impacto en la salud del adolescente / Physical activity and sedentary lifestyle: Family and socio-demographic determinants and their impact on adolescents' health

Objetivo Determinar la asociación de las conductas sedentarias y falta de actividad física en adolescente con características de la familia y/o aspectos sociodemográficos. De manera secundaria, si estas conductas influyen sobre el estado de salud y su riesgo cardiovascular. Material y Métodos Se encuestó a una muestra aleatoria de adolescentes acerca de la frecuencia de actividad física y conductas sedentarias; estado de salud, índices antropométricos; estructura, dinámica y funcionalidad familiar. Resultados Fueron encuestados 932 adolescentes, promedio de edad 16.07±1.09 años, 56,3 % fueron mujeres. El 66,3 % tenía un nivel de actividad física menor al recomendado y el 51,9 % eran sedentarios. La falta de actividad física y las conductas sedentarias estuvieron asociada con el género (mujeres 56,8 % vs. 45,4 % hombres, p≤0.01, mujeres 56,8 % vs. 45,4 % hombres, p=0.000 respectivamente). Las características de la familia no influyeron sobre estas conductas de riesgo. No se pudo demostrar la relación entre la actividad física y sedentarismo con el IMC a diferencia de la medición de la circunferencia de la cintura la cual se encontró asociada a estas conductas de riesgo. Los adolescentes con buena salud fueron más activos (36,1 % vs. 27 %) y menos sedentarios (49,3 % vs. 59,4 %) que aquellos que reportaron un estado poco saludable. Conclusiones Las conductas sedentarias y la falta de actividad física están más determinadas por factores sociodemográficos que por aspectos familiares. Estas conductas tienen influencia en la salud de los adolescentes.

Objective Estimating whether adolescents' sedentary behaviour and their lack of physical activity is determined by family characteristics or socio-cultural aspects and their impact on health and adiposity level. Material and Methods 932 adolescents were surveyed. Information regarding physical activity, sedentary behaviour, anthropometric index and family characteristics (structure, dynamics and functioning) was estimated by adolescents answering a questionnaire. Results The sample's average age was 16.07±1.09 years old, 56.3 % were female, 66.3 % had a low level of physical activity and 51.9 % were sedentary. A lack of physical activity occurred more frequently in females (56.8 % cf 41.5 %: p=0.000); family characteristics did not influence such risk behaviour. A relationship between physical activity and sedentary lifestyle with BMI could not be demonstrated, whilst waist circumference was associated with risky behaviour patterns. Teenagers in good health were more active (36.1 % cf 27 %) and less sedentary (49.3 % cf 59.4 %) than those for whom an unhealthy state was reported. Conclusion Sedentary behaviour and a lack of physical activity were more determined by socio-demographic factors than family aspects, such behaviour pattern having a direct influence on the adolescents' health.

[Inappropriate prescribing in older adults with chronic-degenerative disease]. / Prescripción inapropiada en el adulto mayor con padecimiento crónico degenerativo.

BACKGROUND: potentially inappropriate prescribing (IP) includes the use of drugs that represent greater risk than benefit to the patient, the STOPP-START instrument, allows its detection, the aim was to evaluate its utility. METHODS: a descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Randomly selecting records of older adults with at least one chronic degenerative disease, as last query had more than two months and have completed their monthly meeting at least four citations in the last 6 months were analyzed. RESULTS: the files from 285 patients were reviewed, females were 60 %, and the mean age was 74 ± 6 years. A total of 1749 prescriptions included 126 different drugs. The prevalence of inappropriate prescribing was 55 % (95 % CI = 49-61) and 87 % polypharmacy (95 % CI = 83-91). The cardiovascular, endocrine and skeletal muscle system diseases had the highest number of prescriptions and inappropriate prescribing. It was detected the omission of one or more drugs listed in 72 % of 75 % specific clinical circumstances. CONCLUSIONS: the STOPP-START instrument is useful for detecting inappropriate prescribing. Also, the omission of indicated preventive treatments required for older adults with chronic degenerative diseases.

Introducción: la prescripción potencialmente inapropiada incluye el uso de medicamentos que representan mayor riesgo que benefi cio para el paciente. El objetivo fue evaluar la utilidad del instrumento STOPP-START para su detección. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo, con selección aleatoria de expedientes de adultos mayores con al menos una enfermedad crónica degenerativa, cuya última consulta tuviera máximo dos meses y que hubiesen cumplido con su cita mensual cuando menos cuatro veces en el últimos semestre. Resultados: de los 285 expedientes revisados, 60 % de los pacientes fueron mujeres; la edad promedio fue de 74 ± 6 años. Se revisaron 1749 prescripciones de 126 medicamentos diferentes. La prescripción inapropiada tuvo una prevalencia de 55 % (IC 95 % = 49-61) y la polifarmacia de 87 % (IC 95 % = 83-91). En los padecimientos cardiovasculares, endocrinos y musculoesqueléticos se registró el mayor número de prescripciones y de prescripción potencialmente inapropiada. Se detectó la omisión de uno o más medicamentos indicados en 72 % de 75 circunstancias clínicas específi cas. Conclusiones: el STOPP-START es útil para detectar prescripción potencialmente inapropiada. Es frecuente la omisión de tratamientos preventivos indicados para el adulto mayor con enfermedades crónicas degenerativas.