Slow-velocity eccentric-only resistance training improves symptoms of type 2 diabetic mellitus patients by regulating plasma MMP-2 and -9.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the intervention effect of slow-velocity eccentric-only resistance training on type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients based on the role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and -9) in regulating extracellular matrix homeostasis. METHODS: 50 T2DM patients were randomly divided into the slow-velocity eccentric-only resistance training group (E) and control group (C). The E group performed eccentric-only resistance training 3 times a week, every other day for 10 weeks, while the C group did not. Blood samples were collected before and after training, and subjects were tested for changes in clinical parameters, insulin resistance indices [fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)], MMP-2 and -9, and hydroxyproline, and muscle strength (12-RM), respectively. RESULTS: After 10 weeks of training, the E group showed significant decreases in fasting glucose (P < .05), insulin (P < .05), insulin resistance indices (P < .05), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (P < .01), triglycerides (P = .06) and MMP-2 (P < .05), while total cholesterol (P < .05), MMP-9 (P < .05), hydroxyproline (P < .01), Creatine Kinase (CK) (P < .05), and muscle strength (P < .001) significantly increased. There were no significant changes in the count of neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c). Compared with the C group, the E group showed a trend of a significant decrease in triglyceride (P < .05), lymphocyte count (P < .05), fasting glucose (P = .07), and plasma MMP-2 (P < .05), while MMP-9 (P < .05), hydroxyproline (P < .001), and muscle strength (P < .01) significantly increased. However, no significant changes were observed in insulin and insulin resistance indices, HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, CK, and other inflammatory indicators. CONCLUSIONS: Slow-velocity eccentric-only resistance training was beneficial for T2DM, but the potential role of MMP-2 and -9 in regulating extracellular matrix homeostasis is very different in T2DM patients.

Therapeutic effect of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells co-cultured with bone marrow M2 macrophages on a rat model of liver cirrhosis / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） co-cultured with bone marrow-derived M2 macrophages （M2-BMDMs）， named as BMSCM2， on a rat model of liver cirrhosis induced by carbon tetrachloride （CCl4）/2-acetaminofluorene （2-AAF）. MethodsRat BMDMs were isolated and polarized into M2 phenotype， and rat BMSCs were isolated and co-cultured with M2-BMDMs at the third generation to obtain BMSCM2. The rats were given subcutaneous injection of CCl4 for 6 weeks to establish a model of liver cirrhosis， and then they were randomly divided into model group （M group）， BMSC group， and BMSCM2 group， with 6 rats in each group. A normal group （N group） with 6 rats was also established. Since week 7， the model rats were given 2-AAF by gavage in addition to the subcutaneous injection of CCl4. Samples were collected at the end of week 10 to observe liver function， liver histopathology， and hydroxyproline （Hyp） content in liver tissue， as well as changes in the markers for hepatic stellate cells， hepatic progenitor cells， cholangiocytes， and hepatocytes. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsCompared with the N group， the M group had significant increases in the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） （P<0.01）； compared with the M group， the BMSC and BMSCM2 groups had significant reductions in ALT and AST （P<0.01）， and the BMSCM2 group had significantly better activities than the BMSC group （P<0.05）. Compared with the N group， the M group had significant increases in Hyp content and the mRNA and protein expression levels of alpha-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） in the liver （P<0.01）； compared with the M group， the BMSC and BMSCM2 groups had significant reductions in Hyp content and the expression of α-SMA （P<0.05）， and the BMSCM2 group had a significantly lower level of α-SMA than the BMSC group （P<0.01）. Compared with the N group， the M group had significant increases in the mRNA expression levels of the hepatic progenitor cell markers EpCam and Sox9 and the cholangiocyte markers CK7 and CK19 （P<0.01） and significant reductions in the expression levels of the hepatocyte markers HNF-4α and Alb （P<0.01）； compared with the M group， the BMSC and BMSCM2 groups had significant reductions in the mRNA expression levels of EpCam， Sox9， CK7， and CK19 （P<0.05） and significant increases in the mRNA expression levels of HNF-4α and Alb （P<0.05）， and compared with the BMSC group， the BMSCM2 group had significant reductions in the mRNA expression levels of EpCam and CK19 （P<0.05） and significant increase in the expression level of HNF-4α （P<0.05）. ConclusionM2-BMDMs can enhance the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on CCl4/2-AAF-induced liver cirrhosis in rats， which provides new ideas for further improving the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on liver cirrhosis.

The Effect and Mechanism of Fructus lycii on Improvement of Exercise Fatigue Using a Network Pharmacological Approach with in vitro Experimental Verification / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Fructus lycii in improving exercise fatigue.@*METHODS@#A network pharmacological approach was used to explore potential mechanisms of action of Fructus lycii. Skeletal muscle C2C12 cells and immunofluorescence were employed to verify the effect and mechanism of the representative components in Fructus lycii predicted by network pharmacological analysis.@*RESULTS@#Six potential active components, namely quercetin, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, 7-O-methylluteolin-6-C-beta-glucoside_qt, atropine, and glycitein, were identified to have potency in improving exercise fatigue via multiple pathways, such as the PI3K-Akt, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, IL-17, TNF, and MAPK signaling pathways. The immunofluorescence results indicated that quercetin, a significant active component in Fructus lycii, increased the mean staining area of 2-NBDG, TMRM, and MitoTracker, and decreased the area of CellRox compared to the control. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of p-38 MAPK, p-MAPK, p-JNK, p-PI3K, and p-AKT markedly increased after quercetin treatment.@*CONCLUSION@#Fructus lycii might alleviate exercise fatigue through multiple components and pathways. Among these, quercetin appears to improve exercise fatigue by enhancing energy metabolism and reducing oxidative stress. The PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways also appear to play a role in this process.

Re­examining the mechanism of eccentric exercise­induced skeletal muscle damage from the role of the third filament, titin (Review).

Intense and unaccustomed eccentric exercise has been extensively studied for its ability to induce muscle damage. However, the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon still requires further clarification. This knowledge gap arises from the need for explanation of the eccentric contraction through the sliding filament theory. The two-filament sarcomere model, which is consisted of thin and thick filaments, forms the basis of the sliding filament theory. The mechanisms of concentric and isometric contractions at the cellular and molecular levels are effectively described by this model. However, when relying solely on the cross-bridge swing, the sliding filament theory fails to account for specific observations, such as the stability of the descending limb of the force-length relationship curve. Recent evidence indicated that titin and the extracellular matrix (ECM) may play a protective role by interacting with the thick and thin filaments. During an eccentric contraction, titin serves as a third filament in the sarcomere, which helps regulate changes in passive force. The two-filament sarcomere model has limitations in explaining eccentric contraction, thus this compensates for those shortcomings. The present review explored the potential of replacing the two-filament sarcomere model with a three-filament sarcomere model, incorporating thin filaments, thick filaments and titin. This revised model offers a more comprehensive explanation of eccentric contraction phenomena. Furthermore, the sliding filament theory was investigated in the context of the three-filament sarcomere model. The double-layer protection mechanism, which involves increased titin stiffness and the ECM during eccentric contraction was explored. This mechanism may enhance lateral force transmission between muscle fibers and the ECM, resulting in sarcolemma and ECM shear deformation. These findings provided insight into the mechanism of eccentric exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage. Considering the three-filament sarcomere model and the double-layer protection mechanism, the present review offered a more logical and comprehensive understanding of the mechanism behind eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage.

The mechanism of oxidative stress in keloid fibroblasts and the experimental study of early application of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor after inducing oxidative stress on keloid fibroblasts. Methods Primary keloid fibroblasts were isolated and cultured by enzyme digestion combined with the tissue adhesion method in vitro, and the third to fifth generations of cells were selected for the experiment. For 24 hours, keloid fibroblasts were treated with different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Different concentrations of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor were added to the keloid fibroblast culture medium, and then the cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide for 24 hours. Results With the increase of hydrogen peroxide concentration, the growth of keloid fibroblasts was inhibited and the levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and reactive oxygen species increased gradually, accompanied by an increase in the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and collagen I mRNA. The expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-mRNA in keloid fibroblasts and the formation of reactive oxygen species in keloid fibroblasts were induced by different concentrations of angiotensin II, and the most significant effect was at 10-5 mmol/mL. The effects of diphenyleneiodonium chloride (NOX inhibitor), N-acetylcysteine (reactive oxygen species inhibitor) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase) RNA treatment on angiotensin II-induced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and collagen I increased significantly. Hydrogen peroxide and angiotensin II alone or combined can induce NADPH oxidase and reactive oxygen species expression in keloid fibroblasts. When the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor was added, the expression of NADPH oxidase and reactive oxygen species in keloid induced by hydrogen peroxide and angiotensin II could be inhibited. Conclusion Oxidative stress can lead to increased expression of reactive oxygen species, NADPH oxidase and collagen I in keloid fibroblasts, suggesting oxidative stress mediates the migration of human keloid fibroblasts and extracellular matrix synthesis.

Effect of interleukin-6 on nucleated erythrocytes in lipopolysaccharide-induced preeclampsia rats / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the effect of interleukin (IL)-6 on nucleated erythrocytes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced preeclampsia rats. Methods ELISA and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the IL-6 in peripheral blood and placenta of preeclampsia and normal pregnancy; Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to detect the maternal nucleated erythrocytes. Pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control, LPS and LPS +anti-IL-6 group; IL-6, the proportion of nucleated erythrocytes, JAK2/MEK and PI3K/Akt signal-related genes were detected. Results The IL-6 of preeclampsia was higher than that of normal patients. Compared with the Control group, IL-6, the proportion of nucleated erythrocytes and JAK2, P85, Akt, P65, IL-IB mRNA of LPS group increased, the fetal weight decreased; Compared with the LPS group, IL-6, the proportion of nucleated erythrocytes and JAK2, P85, Akt, P65 and IL-IB mRNA of the LPS + anti-IL-6 group decreased. Conclusion The up-regulation of IL-6 of preeclampsia patients is accompanied by increased nucleated erythrocytes in peripheral blood. Neutralizing IL-6 in vivo may down-regulate JAK2/ PI3K/Akt/NF-KB-signal-mediated IL-IB to protect preeclampsia rats.

Research progress in plasma concentration monitoring of rivaroxaban / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Rivaroxaban, a novel oral anticoagulant drug, is widely prescribed in clinical practice. Rivaroxaban offers predictable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, a lowprobability of drug-drug and food-drug interactions. Compared with warfarin, rivaroxaban does not require continuous therapeutic monitoring and can be administered in fixed doses.However,in certain emergency clinical situations, such as bleeding, acute stroke, acute kidney injury, prior to urgent surgery and in the suspected accumulation of durg, plasma concentration monitoring of rivaroxaban is necessary and important for patients. Existing studies proved that there were significant individual variability and wide range in the plasma rivaroxaban concentration, which increased the risk of clinical use. Therefore, Data in the degree of rivaroxaban concentration may provide recommendations for the clinical application to promote medication safety and individuality in the future. This article collected the latest literatures and case reports related to research progress of rivaroxaban plasma concentration monitoring, and Summarized influencing factors, monitoring methods, so as to provide a basis for further study on rational use of rivaroxaban in clinical.

Advances of immune-vascular crosstalk for oncology therapeutics / 中国药理学通报

Malignant tumor is one of the important reasons threatening human health and safety at present. The application of antiangiogenic drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors has brought great hope for tumor treatment, but the complex interlaced relationship between tumor blood vessels and immune microenvironment leads to unsatisfactory efficacy. In addition,VEGF, a key driver of tumor angiogenesis, interferes with the maturation of dendritic cells, thereby inhibiting the initiation of T cells. VEGF also induces depletion of CD8+T cells. At the same time, various innate and acquired immune cells secrete angiogenic factors that accelerate uncontrolled angiogenesis and promote vascular immaturity. Therefore targeting tumor blood vessels and immunity is a potential strategy for enhancing tumor immunotherapy. In recent years numerous studies have found that using the blood vessels and the immune intervention strategies combined with antitumor immune therapy has achieved good results. In this review the immune and vascularized tumor microenvironment are reviewed and discussed, and the research progress of vascularized immune interintervention strategy for tumor treatment in recent years is reviewed so as to provide reference for further improving the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.

Oxymatrine improves palmitic acid-induced vascular endothelial cell injury through Akt-eNOS-NO signaling pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the protective effect of oxymatrine (OMT) on vascular endothelial cell injury induced by palmitic acid ( PA) and its mechanism. Methods Cell viability was detected by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The levels of oxygen species ( ROS) in cells, and lactate de-hydrogenase, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) , glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and nitric oxide ( NO) in cell culture medium were detected by ELISA. The protein expressions of bcl-2, bax, caspase-3, Akt and eNOS in HUVECs were detected by Western blot. Results OMT significantly inhibited PA-induced decrease in cell viability and increase in level of LDH in HUVECs. OMT also significantly inhibited PA-induced increase in cell apoptosis, and up-regulated the protein expression ratio of bcl-2/ bax and down-regulated the protein expression of caspase-3. In addition, OMT reduced the levels of ROS and MDA, and increased the levels of SOD, GSH-Px and NO in cell-culture medium treated with PA. Furthermore, OMT increased the protein phospho-rylation of Akt and eNOS in injured cells. Conclusion OMT ameliorates PA-induced vascular endothelial cell injury through Akt-eNOS-NO signaling pathway.

Mechanism of Modified Danggui Shaoyao San in treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis based on network pharmacology and experimental verification / 中国药理学通报

Aim To predict the targets of Modified Danggui Shaoyao San ( MDSS) in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis ( CAG) based on network pharmacology and vertify the results based on experim-ention. Methods TCMSP, SWISS TARGETS, GENE CARDS and OMIM databases were used to screen the therapeutic targets of MDSS for CAG. STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to construct the protein interaction network and screen the core targets. Metascape database was used for GO analysis and KEGG enrichment pathways. And molecular docking was used for target validation. CAG rat model was pre¬pared by N-methyl-N'-nitroso-N-nitroguanidine free drink combined with sodium salicylate gastric lavage. The pathology of rat gastric mucosa was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining,and the ultrastructure of ep¬ithelial cells was observed by transmission electron mi-croscopy. The serum IL-6 and IL-10 content was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the expression of JAK2, STAT3 , p-STAT3 , c-MYC mRNA and protein in rats was detected by qPCR and Western blot. Results MDSS acted on 189 targets, mainly involved in response to oxidative stress and apoptotic signaling pathway. KEGG analysis related to pathways in cancer and JAK-STAT signaling pathway. The experimental results showed that the MDSS could improve the degree of atrophy of gastric mucosa in CAG rats and improve the status of epithelial cells, down-regulate the serum IL-6 content of CAG rats, up-regulate the IL-10 content, and reduce the expression of JAK2, STAT3 , p-STAT3 , c-MYC mRNA and protein in gastric mucosa with statistical significance. Conclusions MDSS treats CAG through multiple active ingredients, targets, and pathways, the mechanism of which may be related to the inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Tanshinone IIA promotes reverse cholesterol transport to improve atherosclerosis / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the effect of tanshinone II A (Tan II A) on reverse cholesterol transport in atherosclerosis model mice and RAW264. 7 cells and the underlying mechanism. Methods Thirty-two male LDLR -/- mice were randomly divided into four groups. These mice were fed with normal diet or high fat diet for 12 weeks. The control group and model group were given normal saline. Tan II A group and atorvastatin group were given Tan II A solution and atorvastatin solution for 12 weeks. RAW264. 7 cells were induced with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) 100 mg • L-

Changes of HER2 low expression status in primary and recurrent/metastatic breast cancer / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the evolution and clinical significance of HER2 low expression status in HER2 negative patients in primary and recurrent/metastatic breast cancers. Methods: The data and archived sections of 259 breast cancer patients with recurrence/metastasis and HER2-negative primary foci were collected from January 2015 to January 2022 at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, and the HER2 status of primary and recurrence/metastasis foci was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), among which IHC 2+patients were subject to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The HER2 status was classified as HER2-0 group; patients with IHC 1+, IHC 2+and no FISH amplification were classified as HER2 low expression group; and patients with IHC 3+, IHC 2+and FISH amplified were classified as HER2-positive group. The changes of HER2 status in patients with HER2 low expression in primary versus recurrent/metastatic breast cancer foci were compared, and their clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis were analyzed. Results: The overall concordance rate between primary and recurrent/metastatic HER2 status in breast cancer was 60.6% (157/259, κ=0.178). A total of 102 patients (102/259, 39.4%) had inconsistent primary and recurrent/metastatic HER2 status; 37 patients (37/259, 14.3%) had HER2-0 at the primary foci and HER2-low expression at the recurrent/metastatic; and 56 patients (56/259, 21.6%) had HER2-low expression in the primary foci and HER2-0 in the recurrent/metastatic. The recurrent/metastatic foci became low-expressing compared with the recurrent/metastatic foci which remained HER2-0 patients, with longer overall survival time, higher ER and PR positivity, lower Ki-67 positivity index, and lower tumor histological grade; all with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). In the primary HER2-low group, patients with recurrent/metastatic foci became HER2-0 while those with recurrent/metastatic foci remained low expression; there were no statistically significant differences in clinicopathological features and overall survival time (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Unstable HER2 status in patients with HER2-0 and low expression in primary versus recurrent/metastatic breast cancer foci, and HER2-0 in the primary foci but low HER2 expression status in recurrence/metastasis is associated with favourable prognosis, and testing HER2 status in recurrence/metastasis can provide more treatment options for such patients.

The trend of accurate pathology diagnosis of breast cancer / 中华病理学杂志

Accurate pathology diagnosis of breast cancer is the premise of personalized treatment. In recent years, the pathology diagnosis of breast cancer have been updated and optimized to provide better guidance and basis for clinical treatment. In this paper, we provide an overview on the advances in histological classification of breast cancer, the progress of biomarker detection related to novel antibody-drug conjugates and immunotherapy in breast cancer, the pathology evaluation of breast cancer specimen after neoadjuvant therapy and sentinel lymph nodes, the progress of genetic testing in breast cancer, and the application of artificial intelligence in breast pathology.

Development and Application of Lower Limb Exoskeleton Rehabilitation Robot / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

With the deepening of the aging of society， there are more and more patients with motor dysfunction of lower limb，and rehabilitation therapy for these patients is becoming more and more important. Since the 1980s， exoskeleton robots for lower-limb rehabilitation have been applied to the rehabilitation for patient with dyskinesia， especially those with dyskinesia caused by neurological diseases such as stroke. These exoskeleton robots are wearable， nonlinear and complex mechanical devices， which deserve to be studied and widely applied. In this review， the research status， clinical application and challenges of exoskeleton robots for lower-limb rehabilitation are described in three aspects according to the difference of the therapeutic sites of exoskeleton rehabilitation robots， and on the basis， the development trend of exoskeleton robots for lower-limb rehabilitation is prospected.

Research progress in the intervention of Chinese herb monomers on diabetic retinal neurodegeneration / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Diabetic retinopathy(DR)has been traditionally considered a purely microvascular disease in the retina. Currently, mainstream therapies focus only on advanced vascular complications and a single molecular target-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF). However, the research is shifting towards a more comprehensive view that DR is a neurovascular disease caused by neurovascular unit(NVU)injury. In the early stage of DR, diabetic retinal neurodegeneration(DRN)dominates and may precede the retinal microvascular abnormalities. Moreover, neuronal apoptosis can further lead to microvascular injury and blood-retinal barrier(BRB)disruption. Therefore, it makes sense to develop new therapeutic strategies to prevent or reverse DRN. However, no drug targeting DRN has been approved for clinical use. In recent years, it has become a trend to study the protective effect of traditional Chinese medicine on the retina. The primary research focuses on Chinese herb monomers. This article reviews the research status of representative monomers in DRN to provide references for the early treatment of DR and development of new drugs.

Preparation and polarization activity research of astragalus polysaccharide-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocomposite / 药学学报

Size and surface modification are the two key factors affecting the effect of macrophages polarization induced by superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). The smaller the particle size, the better the polarization effect of SPIONs. Besides, the reasonable SPIONs surface modification method can also be used to enhance the polarization effect. In this study, SPIONs was prepared by solvothermal method and optimized by Box-Benhnken center combination design and response surface method. Furthermore, astragalus polysaccharide-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocomplex (APS-SPIONs) was successfully constructed by EDC/NHS esterification method. The structure of APS-SPIONs was confirmed by dynamic light scatter and infrared spectrometer, and the contents of iron and polysaccharide were characterized by spectrophotometry. The effect of APS-SPIONs on inducing mouse macrophages RAW264.7 polarization was investigated by flow cytometry. The RAW264.7 macrophages-HepG2 human hepatoma cancer cells Transwell co-culture system was established to investigate APS-SPIONs improve anti-tumor function of macrophages in vitro, and the proliferation activity of APS-SPIONs on RAW264.7 detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method. The results showed that the average particle size and zeta potential of APS-SPIONs were (82.93 ± 1.47) nm and (-24.00 ± 0.47) mV. Polysaccharide and Fe content were 8.69% and 7.04%, respectively. APS-SPIONs effectively induced the polarization of RAW264.7 into M1 type in vitro, improving the anti-tumor ability of macrophages in a co-culture system, without effecting the proliferation of macrophages. Our study provides a drug development strategy and preliminary research results to educate macrophages and reshape the tumor immune microenvironment to achieve tumor-killing effects.

A consensus on the management of allergy in kindergartens and primary schools / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Allergic diseases can occur in all systems of the body, covering the whole life cycle, from children to adults and to old age, can be lifelong onset and even fatal in severe cases. Children account for the largest proportion of the victims of allergic disease, Children s allergies start from scratch, ranging from mild to severe, from less to more, from single to multiple systems and systemic performance, so the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children is of great importance, which can not only prevent high risk allergic conditions from developing into allergic diseases, but also further block the process of allergy. At present, there is no consensus on the management system of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools. The "Consensus on Allergy Management and Prevention in Kindergartens and Primary Schools", which includes the organizational structure, system construction and management of allergic children, provides evidence informed recommendations for the long term comprehensive management of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools, and provides a basis for the establishment of the prevention system for allergic children.

Clinical Effect of Tiaoxin Formula in Treatment of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Anxiety/Depression and Its Impact on Serum 5-HT， β-TG and MPO Levels / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical effect of Tiaoxin formula in the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease and anxiety/depression and its impact on serum levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， β- thromboglobulin （β-TG） and myeloperoxidase （MPO）. MethodA total of 66 patients with coronary heart disease and anxiety/depression were randomly divided into the Tiaoxin formula group and Deanxit group， 33 cases in each group. Both groups were given fundamental western treatment for coronary heart disease. Additionally， the Deanxit group was treated with flupentixol and melitracen tablets and the Tiaoxin formula group was treated with Tiaoxin Formula. The treatment lasted 8 weeks. Before and after treatment， the changes of clinical efficacy， Patient Health Questionnaire （PHQ-9）， Generalized Anxiety Disorder （GAD-7） scale， Seattle Angina Questionnaire （SAQ）， heart rate variability， and serum 5-HT， β-TG and MPO levels， and incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups were observed. ResultThere was no significant difference in the baseline indexes of patients in the two groups， and thus the two groups were comparable. After treatment for 8 weeks， the total effective rate for traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes in the Tiaoxin Formula group was 87.88% （29/33） higher than 63.64% （21/33） in the Deanxit group （Z=-2.653， P<0.05）. Compared with those before treatment， the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores of the two groups were decreased at week 4 and 8 of treatment （P<0.05）， and there was no statistical difference between two groups. And the SAQ dimension scores of the two groups were increased at week 4 and 8 of treatment （P<0.05）. Compared with the Deanxit group， the Tiaoxin Formula group had elevation in two dimension scores： Physical limitation and angina stability （P<0.05）. Compared with the conditions before treatment， the serum 5-HT level in the two groups were increased， while the β-TG and MPO levels were lowered （P<0.05）， and there was no distinct difference between two groups. In addition， the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals （SDNN） and standard deviation of average normal-to-normal intervals （SDANN） of the heart rate variability in the Tiaoxin formula group were elevated after treatment （P<0.05）， which were more significant than those of the Deanxit group （P<0.05）. During the treatment period， the incidence of adverse drug reactions in the Tiaoxin formula group was lower than that in the Deanxit group （P<0.05）， and no adverse events were observed in the two groups. ConclusionTiaoxin formula was effective for the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease accompanied by anxiety and depression， which improved the clinical symptoms， increased serum 5-HT levels， and decreased serum β-TG and MPO levels， and had few adverse reactions and high safety for patients， showing a high clinical value.

Preparation of two tanshinone Ⅱ_A-astragaloside Ⅳ co-loaded nano-delivery systems and in vitro antitumor activity comparison / 中国中药杂志

This study screened excellent carriers for co-loading tanshinone Ⅱ_A(TSA) and astragaloside Ⅳ(As) to construct antitumor nano-drug delivery systems for TSA and As. TSA-As microemulsions(TSA-As-MEs) were prepared by water titration. TSA-As metal-organic framework(MOF) nano-delivery system was prepared by loading TSA and As in MOF by the hydrothermal method. Dynamic light scattering(DLS), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were used to characterize the physicochemical properties of the two preparations. Drug loading was determined by HPLC and the effects of the two preparations on the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, T lymphocytes, and hepatocellular carcinoma cells were detected by the CCK-8 method. The results showed that the particle size, Zeta potential, and drug loading of TSA-As-MEs were(47.69±0.71) nm,(-14.70±0.49) mV, and(0.22±0.01)%, while those of TSA-As-MOF were(258.3±25.2) nm,(-42.30 ± 1.27) mV, and 15.35%±0.01%. TSA-As-MOF was superior to TSA-As-MEs in drug loading, which could inhibit the proliferation of bEnd.3 cells at a lower concentration and improve the proliferation ability of CTLL-2 cells significantly. Therefore, MOF was preferred as an excellent carrier for TSA and As co-loading.

Guideline for clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine (2022 version) / 中国中药杂志

Currently,the research or publications related to the clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine are increasing,which attracts the broad attention of all circles. According to the completed clinical evaluation report on Chinese patent medicine,there are still practical problems and technical difficulties such as unclear responsibility of the evaluation organization,unclear evaluation subject,miscellaneous evaluation objects,and incomplete and nonstandard evaluation process. In terms of evaluation standards and specifications,there are different types of specifications or guidelines with different emphases issued by different academic groups or relevant institutions. The professional guideline is required to guide the standardized and efficient clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine and further improve the authority and quality of evaluation. In combination with the characteristics of Chinese patent medicine and the latest research achievement at home and abroad,the detailed specifications were formulated from six aspects including design,theme selection,content and index,outcome,application and appraisal,and quality control. The guideline was developed based on the guideline development requirements of China Assoication of Chinese medicine. After several rounds of expert consensus and public consultation,the current version of the guideline has been developed.