The Ductal Plate From the Inside Out: An Illustrated Review of Fibropolycystic Liver Disease.

Fibropolycystic liver disease is a continuum of disorders that result from insults to the ductal plate at different stages of development and are often associated with each other. Caroli's syndrome, polycystic liver disease, biliary hamartomas, and congenital hepatic fibrosis are included in this complex spectrum that also shows frequent association with renal anomalies, such as polycystic kidney disease and medullary sponge kidney. Choledochal cysts are a controversial point in this topic since they have long been considered part of this spectrum due to morphological similarities, but studies have shown different pathogenesis. This article's purpose is to review these abnormalities through a multimodality radiological perspective offering correlation with its key embryological aspects. Knowing these numerous anomalies and their possible associations may ease an accurate diagnosis and prompt management.

Primary and Phenolic Metabolites Analyses, In Vitro Health-Relevant Bioactivity and Physical Characteristics of Purple Corn (Zea mays L.) Grown at Two Andean Geographical Locations.

Purple corn (Zea mays L.) is native to the Andean region, but limited research has been performed about the potential metabolic variability when grown under Andean environmental conditions. This study was aimed at evaluating the phenolic and primary polar metabolites composition of purple corn (kernels and cobs) grown at two Peruvian Andean locations (lowland and highland) using targeted UHPLC (ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography) and untargeted GC-MS (gas chromatography mass spectrometry) metabolomic platforms, respectively. Changes in the physical characteristics and the in vitro bioactivity were also determined. Purple corn from the highland zone showed higher contents of ash, crude fiber, total phenolic contents, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) antioxidant capacity, and α-amylase inhibitory activity in kernels, whereas increased levels of flavonoids (anthocyanins and quercetin derivatives) and ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] antioxidant capacity were observed in cobs in comparison to lowland samples. No effect of the Andean location was found on the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity relevant for hyperglycemia management, while yield-linked physical characteristics were high in purple corn grown at the lowland zone. Polar primary metabolites related to the carbohydrate (monosaccharides, sucrose, and d-sorbitol), amino acid (valine and alanine), and tricarboxylic acid cycle (succinic, fumaric, and aconitic acid) metabolism were higher in highland purple corn (cob and kernel) likely due to abiotic stress factors from the highland environment. This study provides the foundation for further breeding improvements at Andean locations.

Perfil epidemiológico de gestantes diabéticas no município de Itajaí/SC / Epidemiological profile of diabetic pregnancies at Itajaí city SC

A diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) consiste em qualquer intolerância à glicose com início durante a gestação. É a desordem metabólica mais comum da gravidez, atingindo entre 3 a 25% das gestações, sendo que 90% das gestantes apresentam um ou mais fatores de risco para a doença. O estudo teve por finalidade descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico das gestantes portadoras de diabetes mellitus gestacional com parto no ano de 2016 atendidas no serviço de alto risco no município de Itajaí (SC), bem como os fatores de risco e desfechos gestacionais associados à doença. Tratou-se de uma análise retrospectiva, descritiva, quantitativa e transversal, com a coleta de dados dos prontuários. De 328 parturientes atendidas no serviço, 54 (16,46%) preencheram os critérios de inclusão (data do parto entre 01 de janeiro a 31 de dezembro de 2016 e que possuíam prontuário na unidade). Entre essas pacientes, a maioria era de etnia branca (55,55%) com idade entre 31 e 35 anos (29,62%) e ensino médio completo (29,62%). Obesidade prévia foi descrita em 64,81%. A idade gestacional média de diagnóstico foi de 26,44 semanas. O tratamento com insulinoterapia foi instituído em 25,92%. Houve relato de doença hipertensiva da gravidez em 16,66%. A taxa de cesariana foi de 59,2%; a prevalência de recém-nascidos grandes para a idade gestacional foi de 12,96%; sendo que 5,5% de neonatos foram admitidos em unidade de terapia intensiva. Constatou-se que a maioria das gestantes teve um pré-natal adequado e sem intercorrências e que em alguns casos houve encaminhamento tardio ao serviço especializado.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) consists of any glucose intolerance beginning during pregnancy. It's pregnancy's most common metabolic disorder reaching 3 to 25% of pregnancies, and 90% of pregnant women present one or more risk factors for the disease. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical-epidemiological profile of pregnant women forwarded to the reference center diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus and who delivered in 2016 at Itajaí city, SC, as well as the risk factors and gestational outcomes associated with the disease. It was a retrospective, descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional analysis, with data collected from patients records. Of the 328 parturients attended in the service, 54 (16.46%) met the inclusion criteria (date of delivery between January 1 and December 31, 2016, and that they had medical records in the unit). Among these patients, the majority were white (55.55%) aged 31-35 years (29.62%) and with complete secondary education (29.62%). Previous obesity was described in 64.81%. The average gestational age at diagnosis of gestational diabetes was 26.44 weeks. The treatment with insulin therapy was instituted in 25.92%. There were reports of hypertension in pregnancy in 16.66%. The cesarean rate was 59.2%; the prevalence of large newborns for gestational age was 12.96%; and 5.5% of newborns were admitted in intensive care unit. It was found that most of the pregnant women had an adequate prenatal and without intercurrences and that in some cases delayed referral to the specialized service.