RESUMO
O processo alveolar é uma estrutura dente dependente que sofre alterações dimensionais após a exodontia. Defeitos ósseos resultantes prejudicam a colocação de implantes e o sucesso em longo prazo. Diversas técnicas cirúrgicas e biomateriais tem sido apresentados como opções terapêuticas para preservação e recuperação dos rebordos edêntulos. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão narrativa é evidenciar o estado atual dos biomateriais disponíveis bem como as possíveis perspectivas futuras. A utilização de biomateriais para cirurgias de reconstrução e manutenção de rebordo alveolar com sucesso é evidente. As cirurgias de reconstrução e preservação de rebordo alveolar com a utilização de novos biomateriais apresentam sucesso evidente. A impressão em 3D de estruturas biocompatíveis, fatores de crescimento, a matriz de dentina desmineralizada (DDM), parafusos e membranas reabsorvíveis podem ser as perspectivas futuras.
The alveolar bone depends on the presence of teeth and dimensional changes occurs after tooth extraction. The resulting bone defects impair both implant installation and long term success. Surgical procedures and biomaterials are considered as treatment options for maintenance and recovery of edentulous ridge. Thus, the aim of this narrative review is to present the current biomaterials as well as future perspectives. Surgical procedures for alveolar ridge preservation and reconstruction with new biomaterials are successful. 3D-Printed biocompatible scaffolds, growth factors, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), resorbable pins and membranes could be the future perspectives.
Assuntos
Implantes Dentários , Substitutos Ósseos , Cirurgia Bucal , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Osso e Ossos , Regeneração Óssea , Processo AlveolarRESUMO
The pseudoxanthoma elasticum is a multisystemic heritable disease that primarily affects the connective tissue. It has been characterized by fragmentation and calcification of elastic fibers that can lead to complications of skin and cardiovascular system and changes in retina. Involvement of the oral mucosa has been described like white patches striated especially in the mucosa of both upper and lower lips. These oral signs are potentially useful to diagnose the disease, since it is an often undiagnosed disease due to the variability in phenotypic expressions. This study reports a case of pseudoxanthoma elasticum affecting a woman who developed lesions in the oral mucosa during the disease progression. Intraoral clinical assessment revealed the presence of changes mainly in lower labial mucosa and also slightly changes in the mouth floor and the upper labial mucosa. Therefore, the acknowledgment of oral pseudoxanthoma elasticum lesions helps dental practitioners to establish an early and appropriate diagnosis of this disease. This is very important because pseudoxanthoma elasticum is a multisystem disease with morbidity and mortality, and its early diagnosis and also the establishment of a follow-up protocol for these patients could prevent systemic and oral complications.
