[Study of the transfer of foreign genes into mussel Mytilus Galloprovincialis Lam. eggs by spermatozoa]. / Issledovanie perenosa chuzherodnykh genov spermatozoidami v iaitsekletki midiii Mytilus Galloprovincialis Lam.

The possibility of transferring exogenous DNA into eggs by mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. sperms both with the use of certain methods of transfection and without them was studied. The efficacy of egg fertilization by sperms treated with foreign DNA and the development of larvae at early stages of embryogenesis were evaluated. Negative effects of the contact between mussel sperms and exogenous DNA on fertilization and subsequent development were noted. The proportion of developing larvae decreased with increasing DNA concentration and sperm exposure. Transfer of plasmids pCMVlacZ and pMTbGH into eggs was observed in group crosses. With the use of PCR, foreign DNA sequences were found in the larvae at the stage of veliger 48 h after fertilization. An intense signal was recorded after sperm electroporation in 10% DMSO.

[The duration of the meiosis stages in fertilized ovocytes of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. at different temperatures]. / Prodol'zhitel'nost' stadii meioza v oplodotvorennykh iaitsekletkakh midii Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. pri raznoi temperature.

Duration of meiosis steps in fertilized oocytes of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis at three levels of development temperature optimum: 8.5, 12 and 17 degrees C. Absolute duration of meiosis stages increases with decreasing of water temperature. Relative duration of analogous stages doesn't depend on temperature conditions. Duration of first meiotic division determined by the time between maximal occurrences of consequent stages, at different temperatures is in two times greater than duration of second division.