Phyllodes tumor: diagnostic imaging and histopathology findings.

Phyllodes tumors are rare breast tumors, accounting for less than 1% of all primary tumors of the breast. Histologically, phyllodes tumors can be divided into benign (60%), borderline (20%) and malignant (20%). The mammography examination was performed by means of a digital mammography system Giotto 3D Images; the ultrasound examination was performed through a GE Logiq P6 device and histological confirmation was possible after surgery or following the histological biopsy. We grouped the nine patients who presented clinically palpable nodules into two groups, namely: the six patients presenting histological benign results into Group I, and Group II where we included those with borderline and malignant histological results. Mammography performed in 77.7% revealed a well-circumscribed round or oval opacity or with contour lobules. Ultrasound examination was performed in all patients. Mammography and ultrasound have limitation in differentiating between benign lesion and phyllodes tumor. In the nine analyzed cases, mammographic and ultrasound examinations did not allow the differentiation into the three groups of phyllodes tumor. Histopathological examination is considered the golden standard for their diagnosis. Correlations between mammographic and microscopic aspects were inconclusive for determining the degree of differentiation, ultrasound changes could be correlated with the histopathological aspects.

Difficulties of diagnosis in retroperitoneal tumors.

Retroperitoneum is a large space where the primary and metastatic tumors grow silently before clinical signs appear. Retroperitoneal sarcomas represent 10% to 15% of all soft tissue sarcomas. This group, retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas is associated with a very poor long-term survival rate, difficulty in diagnosis and complete surgical removal with a rim of normal tissue around the tumors. Liposarcoma is the most frequent retroperitoneal sarcoma. MFH is the second most common retroperitoneal sarcoma. The diagnosis in retroperitoneal sarcomas is clinical, radiological and histological. Our case presents a MFH with the difficulties of clinical, radiological and histological diagnosis. The initial diagnosis is based on the imaging findings, which offer information on the composition, density, extend and relation to the adjacent organs and structures, with the identification of displacement of the kidney. The definitive diagnosis is established by the pathology findings. The proportion of local recurrence rates of MFH after initial local excision ranges between 16% to 52%.

The value of ultrasounds exam correlated with frozen section diagnosis in the breast tumors.

UNLABELLED: The paper represents a parallel study regarding the harmony between the ultrasounds and the frozen section diagnosis in the breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined at an ultrasounds machine a group of 146 women aged between 16-73-year-old, which came presenting palpable formations at the level of breasts, in the Pelican Medical Centre from Oradea. The suspect lesions were subject to excisional biopsy or surgical intervention. RESULTS: The elements followed at the ultrasounds exam were: echogenicity, echostructure, contour, presence and absence of posterior shadowing, microcalcifiation, orientation of lesion, compressibility, aspect of adjacent structures. Histopathological diagnosis of suspect lesions emphasized malignant lesions in a percentage of 64.86% of cases; the frozen section exam diagnosed invasive ductal carcinoma in 86% of the cases, invasive lobular carcinoma 8%, medullar carcinoma 2%, and benign lesions 4%. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical-anatomopathological collaboration is absolutely compulsory for a correct microscopic diagnosis. The ultrasounds modifications separated after the criteria taken into account allow the orientation of diagnosis to malignant-benign. At 14% of the women examined, additional lesions were identified in comparison to those palpated, the ultrasounds having a role in detecting the multifocality and muticentricity of lesions. At 29.05% from the identified lesions, malignant lesions were histopathologically identified. The frozen section diagnosis in the breast cancer allows a rapid diagnosis, correct in high percentage of cases, allowing taking an intra-surgery therapeutic attitude in only one surgical intervention, thus reducing the costs. The anatomopathologist's experience reduces the diagnosis risk in excess and÷or in minus.

Correlations between the changes in patients' dental-facial morphology at the end of the orthodontic treatment and the psychological variables.

The purpose of this research was to assess the impact that the improvement of patients' dental-facial morphology has at the end of the orthodontic treatment upon the following psychological variables: self-esteem, current self-related thoughts as well as upon the variables of social self-esteem and performance. The number of patients included in the study was of 168 (82 children and 86 adolescents) who carried out the orthodontic treatment. At the end of the active treatment, we applied to all patients the assessment instruments for the level of self- esteem and self-related current thoughts: the Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale and the Heatherton & Polivy Current Thoughts Scale. As far as the patients in the study are concerned, the improvement of their facial aspect at the end of the treatment showed a significantly positive correlation with the variables of global self-esteem, self-related current thoughts, social self-esteem and performance, with the exception of the girls in children study group who showed no correlations between physical aspect and the performance variable.

Ultrastructural modifications at the level of marginal periodontium in the case of incorrect dental reconstruction.

Our study focused on the evolution of the marginal periodontium inflammatory process caused by an incorrect dental reconstruction. Our research studied a control group and a group of patients having traumatic and inflammatory lesions in different stages of evolution. A pronounced rarefaction of the junction desmosome structures as well as an inflammatory process pointed out by the presence of macrophages, neutrophils, Langerhans' cells, and mastocytes. The presence of altered fibroblasts and collagen fibers in the electron microscopic sections of vascular lesions represents microscopic signs of the inflammation and support the theory of local immunoglobulin synthesis.