[Plasmapheresis in combined treatment of patients with acute intestinal obstruction]. / Plazmaferez v kompleksnom lechenii ostroi kishechnoi neprokhodimosti.

Comparative analysis of the results of treatment of patients with acute intestinal obstruction was carried out. Plasmapheresis was used in postoperative period in 38 patients. 32 operated patients were treated with conventional methods of detoxication. It was established that after the earliest performance of plasmapheresis in postoperative period, manifestations of toxemia revived more rapidly and significantly and intestinal motility restored more rapidly.

[Functional activity of placental, splenic and hepatic tissues in pyo-septic diseases under conditions of extracorporeal detoxication]. / Funktsional'naia aktivnost' tkanei platsenty, selezenki i pecheni pri gnoino-septicheskikh zabolevaniiakh v usloviiakh ékstrakorporal'noi detoksikatsii.

Immunocorrective and detoxication treatment by plasma perfusion through fragments of alloplacental tissue (group 1), fragments of xenosplenic tissue (group 2) and isolated xenohepatocytes (group 3) was carried out as an adjuvant therapy in 61 patients with pyoseptic diseases. Control group consisted of 21 patients. Comparative analysis of effectiveness of the treatment showed, that in patients of group 2 after 5 days substantial increase of lymphocytes count was detected due to increased pool of T- and B-lymphocytes. In patients of group 1 increase in lymphocytes content occurred even in greater degree, but it occurred mainly owing to the augmentation of B-lymphocytes pool. In patients of groups 1 and 2 already to the 3rd day an increase of FAL as well IgA and IgM occurred. There was no immunocorrective effect in patients of group 3, as well as control group. However, detoxication activity, having been evaluated by bilirubin and cytolytic enzymes dynamics, by urea and kreatinine level increased in all patients of groups 1, 2, 3 in comparison with the control. It is suggested, that allogenic placental tissue could be recommended for the treatment of pyoseptic conditions, especially in patients with transplanted organs, because this tissue electively activates only humoral immunity.

[Equipment for blood detoxication in critical care of patients]. / Apparat dlia detoksikatsii krovi pri kriticheskikh sostoianiiakh bol'nykh.

The paper deals with the development of a new more improved blood detoxicating system in critical patients. Based on the design of a [symbol: see text]-0.5 plasmapheresis device, the authors have designed a new [symbol: see text] 2-0.5 system, by including into the extracorporeal circuit the second rotor which cultures biologically active agents (hepatocytes, fragments of splenic and placental tissue) enhancing a patient's detoxification. The paper also outlines the operating principles of the [symbol: see text] K 2-0.5 device, its operational preparation and procedure.

[Criteria for determining the degree of body intoxication in patients with acute intestinal obstruction]. / Kriterii opredeleniia stepeni intoksikatsii organizma u bol'nykh s ostroi neprokhodimost'iu kishechnika.

The analysis of their own observations, criteria of determination of organism intoxication degree, methods of an acute ileus treatment are adduced. The effectiveness of an active organism detoxication method plasmapheresis was noted.

[Temporary perfusion substitution of liver and spleen functions in patients with peritonitis]. / Vremennoe perfuzionnoe zameshchenie funktsii pecheni i selezenki u bol'nykh peritonitom.

Thirty-one patients with generalized purulent peritonitis of various etiology were examined; a new perfusion method with the use of isolated live hepatocytes and xenospleen fragments was applied in the intensive therapy complex in the early period after a cavitary operation in 16 patients. It is shown that the suggested method has significant advantages over the traditional methods in that it causes effective detoxification, improves microcirculation, and reduces the indicators of the cytologic syndrome. Application of the hybrid system of detoxification in patients with peritonitis made it possible to reduce the lethality among the most serious patients with infectious-toxic shock and polyorganic insufficiency.

[Characteristics of air retention by different extracorporeal filters during artificial circulation]. / Kharakteristiki uderzhivaniia vozdukha razlichnymi ékstrakorporal'nymi fil'trami pri iskusstvennom krovoobrashchenii.

The paper concerns the present-day problem of estimating the efficiency of the functioning of extracorporeal filters in artificial circulation. A method for laboratory studies of extracorporeal filters is offered. The results obtained with the use of the method are provided in order to compare air retention by modern filters. The interference-killing feature and practical feasibility with the use of the popular standard equipment should be attributed to undoubtful advantages of the method suggested. The data obtained are of interest both for users of extracorporeal filters and those who are engaged in the development of the equipment for artificial circulation.

[Technical realization of an experimental model of a resonance mechanism of activating oxygen transport and consumption by hepatocytes]. / Tekhnicheskaia realizatsiia éksperimental'noi modeli rezonansnogo mekhanizma aktivatsii transporta i potrebleniia kisloroda gepatotsitami.

The authors review problems of oxygen regimen of the body under conditions of extracorporeal circulation. Provide the experimental data on the dynamics of oxygen consumption. Draw a based conclusion about a new approach to elaboration of the requirements for extracorporeal circulation systems. The paper may interest specialists engaged in the design and clinical application of the systems for extracorporeal circulation.

[Experience in using preserved xenogeneic hepatocytes in the combined treatment of jaundice patients]. / Opyt primeneniia konservirovannykh ksenogepatotsitov v kompleksnom lechenii bol'nykh zheltukhami.

The authors give brief characteristics of the apparatus "subsidiary liver" and describe the mechanism of its work. The method of taking the liver of piglets and isolation of hepatocytes are described. The characteristics of patients are given in who the apparatus "subsidiary liver" was used. Certain parameters of blood were shown to be reduced after using the apparatus "subsidiary liver".

[The control and regulation of gas exchange in membrane oxygenators of the MOST-122 stationary type during open heart surgery]. / Kontrol' i reguliatsiia gazobomena v membrannykh oksigenatorakh statsionarnogo tipa MOST-122 pri operatsiiakh n otkrytom serdtse.

A system of controlling the perfusion parameters and the efficacy of extracorporeal gas exchange is described. The system has been developed and employed for the control and regulation of gas exchange in the MOST-122 oxygenators manufactured in the USSR and based on selective composition membranes. The system allows an expeditious assessment of gas exchange disorders which may occur during AC and extracorporeal oxygenation as well as their high-accuracy correction, reaching optimal modes of ventilation.

[Extracorporeal elimination of CO2 as a component of the intensive therapy of status asthmaticus]. / Ekstrakorporal'naia éliminatsiia CO2 kak komponent intensivnoi terapii astmaticheskogo statusa.

The first industrial Soviet membrane oxygenator "MOCT-122" was used for extracorporeal CO2 elimination lasting for several (up to 24) hours, in 4 patients with severe asthmatic status. This led to hypercapnia liquidation and optimization of an intensive regimen of controlled lung ventilation, which made it possible to perform effective tracheobronchial lavage in the most favourable conditions. No complications of assisted veno-venous perfusion have been observed as a result of therapeutic procedures performed. Third degree asthmatic status was arrested in all the patients and they were discharged from hospital in a satisfactory condition.

[Initial clinical experience with the use of an auxiliary liver device]. / Pervyi klinicheskii opyt primeneniia apparata "vspomogatel'naia pechen".

The authors developed an artificial liver apparatus that comprised 2 running classifiers of blood or one running classifier and mass exchanger. The functionally active link of the apparatus is a suspension of living isolated xenohepatocytes obtained from the liver of pigs weighing 18-20 kg by a combined enzymatic and mechanical procedure. More than 100 in vivo laboratory experiments and 30 operations were performed in 20 patients with acute and chronic hepatic failure. Three patients died, the remaining showed significantly better biochemical parameters of blood and full recovery or stable remission.