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1.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage ; 13(12): 1092-9, 2005 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16168680

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Macromolecules of the articular cartilage extracellular matrix released into synovial fluid, blood, or urine can serve as potentially useful biomarkers of the severity of osteoarthritis (OA). Biomechanical factors play an important role in OA pathogenesis, yet their influence on biomarker production is not well understood. The goal of this study was to examine the hypothesis that dynamic mechanical stress influences the release of these biomarkers from articular cartilage. METHODS: Explants of porcine cartilage were subjected to dynamic compression at 0.5 Hz for 24h at stresses ranging from 0.006 to 0.1 MPa. The concentrations of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), keratan sulfate (KS measured as the 5 D 4 epitope), total sulfated glycosaminoglycan (S-GAG), and the KS (keratanase-digestible) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) (chondroitinase-digestible) fractions of S-GAG were measured. Radiolabel incorporation was used to determine the rates of proteoglycan and protein synthesis. RESULTS: The magnitudes of mechanical stress applied in this study induced nominal tissue strains of 4-23%, consistent with a range of physiological to hyperphysiologic strains measured in situ. COMP release increased in proportion to the magnitude of dynamic mechanical stress, while KS, CS and total S-GAG release increased in a bimodal pattern with increasing stress. Protein and proteoglycan synthesis were significantly decreased at the highest level of stress. CONCLUSION: Mechanical stress differentially regulates the turnover of distinct pools of cartilage macromolecules. These findings indicate that mechanical factors, independent of exogenous cytokines or other stimulatory factors, can influence the production and release of OA-related biomarkers from articular cartilage.


Assuntos
Cartilagem Articular/metabolismo , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/biossíntese , Osteoartrite/etiologia , Animais , Biomarcadores/análise , Cartilagem Articular/química , Sulfatos de Condroitina/análise , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/análise , Feminino , Glicoproteínas/análise , Glicosaminoglicanos/análise , Técnicas In Vitro , Sulfato de Queratano/análise , Proteínas Matrilinas , Osteoartrite/metabolismo , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/metabolismo , Estresse Mecânico , Suínos
2.
Inflamm Res ; 50(9): 442-8, 2001 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11603848

RESUMO

AIM: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the ability of cat's claw, an Amazonian medicinal plant, to treat osteoarthritis of the knee, collect safety and tolerance information and compare the antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory actions of Uncaria guianensis and Uncaria tomentosa in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were recruited, 30 were treated with freeze-dried U guianensis, and 15 with placebo. Hematological parameters were assessed on entry and exit of the four-week trial. Pain, medical and subject assessment scores and adverse effects were collected at weeks 1, 2 and 4. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of the cat's claw species was determined by the alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. Inhibition of TNFalpha and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was determined in RAW 264.7 cells by ELISA. RESULTS: Cat's claw had no deleterious effects on blood or liver function or other significant side-effects compared to placebo. Pain associated with activity, medical and patient assessment scores were all significantly reduced, with benefits occurring within the first week of therapy. Knee pain at rest or at night, and knee circumference were not significantly reduced by cat's claw during this brief trial. In vitro tests indicated that U guianensis and U. tomentosa were equivalent at quenching DPPH radicals (EC50, 13.6-21.7 microg/ml) as well as inhibiting TNFalpha production. However, the latter action was registered at much lower concentrations (EC50, 10.2-10.9 ng/ml). Cat's claw (10 microg/ml) had no effect on basal PGE2 production, but reduced LPS-induced PGE2 release (P < 0.05), but at higher concentrations than that required for TNFalpha inhibition. CONCLUSION: Cat's claw is an effective treatment for osteoarthritis. The species, U guianensis and U tomentosa are equiactive. They are effective antioxidants, but their anti-inflammatory properties may result from their ability to inhibit TNFalpha and to a lesser extent PGE2 production.


Assuntos
Unha-de-Gato/química , Articulação do Joelho , Osteoartrite/tratamento farmacológico , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Plantas Medicinais/química , Adulto , Idoso , Dinoprostona/biossíntese , Método Duplo-Cego , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/uso terapêutico , Liofilização , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/efeitos adversos , Estudos Prospectivos , Antagonistas de Prostaglandina/uso terapêutico , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/biossíntese
3.
J Clin Microbiol ; 39(1): 29-33, 2001 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11136743

RESUMO

The detection of virus is used to diagnose human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in infants due to the persistence of maternal antibodies for a year or more. An HIV-1 DNA PCR assay with simple specimen collection and processing was developed and evaluated. Whole blood was collected on filter paper that lysed cells and bound the DNA, eliminating specimen centrifugation and extraction procedures. The DNA remained bound to the filter paper during PCR amplification. Assays of copy number standards showed reproducible detection of 5 to 10 copies of HIV-1 in 5 microl of whole blood. The sensitivity of the assay did not decrease after storage of the standards on filter paper for 3 months at room temperature or after incubation at 37 or 45 degrees C for 20 h. The primers used for nested PCR of the HIV-1 pol gene amplified templates from a reference panel of multiple HIV-1 subtypes but did not amplify a subtype A or a subtype C virus from children living in Seattle. The assay had a sensitivity of 98.4% and a specificity of 98.3% for testing of 122 specimens from 35 HIV-1-infected and 16 uninfected children and 43 seronegative adults living in Washington. The assay had a sensitivity of 99% and a specificity of 100% for testing of 102 HIV-1-positive (as determined by enzyme immunoassay) Peruvian women and 6 seropositive and 34 seronegative infants. This assay, with adsorption of whole blood to filter paper and no specimen processing, provides a practical, economical, sensitive, and specific method for the diagnosis of HIV-1 subtype B infection in infants.


Assuntos
Coleta de Amostras Sanguíneas/métodos , DNA Viral/sangue , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Filtração/instrumentação , Produtos do Gene pol/genética , Infecções por HIV/sangue , Infecções por HIV/virologia , HIV-1/classificação , HIV-1/genética , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Viremia/virologia
4.
Rev. peru. epidemiol. (Online) ; 6(1): 11-16, jul. 1993. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-619814

RESUMO

Durante el mes de junio de 1989 se realizó un estudio epidemiológico de tipo transversal, para determinar la prevalencia de Leptospirosis en 245 trabajadores de la Empresa SEDAPAL que laboran en el área de Recolección, y su asociación con la exposición a fuentes de contagio relacionadas a la ocupación. También se indagó acerca de la relación con otras fuentes de contagio. Para recolectar la información se aplicó un cuestionario y se tomaron muestras de sangre. La diseminación serológica se hizo mediante la prueba de aglutinación microscópica (RMA) genérica y específica. Los resultados muestran una mayor prevalencia de infección entre los trabajadores más expuestos, debió al tipo de actividad que desempeñan, así como la falta de uso de medios de protección. No se encontró relación con factores no ocupacionales. Sin embargo, no se puede descartar que los resultados se deban a las diferencias de prevalencia de la enfermedad entro los distritos de la ciudad. Esto podría aclararse con nuevos estudios. Las cepas de leptospira a las que reaccionaron los sueros fueron patógenas y saprofitas en proporciones semejantes. Hubieron cinco casos presuntivos de leptospirosis activa, que sugiere transmisión reciente en este grupo. Se recomienda profundizar los estudios y establecer sistemas de vigilancia epidemiológica para los grupos ocupacionales en riesgo.


During the month of June of 1989 a serological cross-sectional study was performed to determine the prevalence of leptospirosis on 245 sewer workers and its relationship with exposure ocupation. A higher prevalence in the more exposed group was found, which is explained by the activity that this group realize and the lack of protection elements. There were found pathogens and non pathogens strains of leptospira at the same proportion. There were five presuntive cases of active leptospirosis, that suggest recent transmission on this group. The study could not found relationship with non exposure factors.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Águas Residuárias , Redes de Esgoto , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Leptospirose , Estudos Epidemiológicos , Estudos Transversais , Peru
5.
Rev. peru. epidemiol. (Online) ; 5(2): 15-9, nov. 1992. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-236023

RESUMO

Con la finalidad de identificar la existencia de casos urbanos de Hidatidosis Pulmonar en la ciudad de Lima Metropolitana, se diseño un estudio epidemiológico de tipo descriptivo. En una primera etapa del estudio se identificaron los casos de hidatidosis pulmonar en base a los registros hospitalarios de los pacientes operados en el Hospital Hipólito Unanue, entre loa años 1980 y 1986. Los casos identificados fueron clasificados en "metropolitanos", "provinciales", "migrantes" y "transeúntes", según el lugar de procedencia. La segunda etapa del estudio consistió en visita domiciliaria a los casos "metropolitanos", a fin de confirmar dicha situación. Se estudiaron 261 casos de hidatidosis pulmonar, de los cuales 57 (21.8 por ciento) eran "metropolitanos". En el 72.2 por ciento de los casos ubicados por visita domiciliaria se confirmó la condición de "metropolitanos". En estos casos se observó un promedio de edad menor que en el resto de los casos, no habían ganaderos, agricultores ni matarifes, el nivel educativo era principalmente secundario y superior, el promedio de tiempo de enfermedad también fue menor que en los grupos restantes. No hubo diferencias en las características clínicas. Este estudio constata la existencia de casos urbanos de hidatidosis en Lima Metropolitana. Sin embargo, no permite determinar la prevalencia e incidencia de esta enfermedad en la ciudad, siendo indispensable continuar investigando en este campo.


Assuntos
Estudos de Casos e Controles , Equinococose Pulmonar , Epidemiologia Descritiva
6.
Folha méd ; 98(4): 269-72, abr. 1989. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-236145

RESUMO

Se estudiaron 109 pacientes adultos mayores de 50 años con Osteoartritis de rodilla en un protocolo clínico multicéntrico a doble-ciego con el objetivo de comparar: la eficacia y la seguridad del uso de una dosis diaria matinal de 1000 mg de Naproxen o de 20 mg de Piroxicam, por un período máximo de tratamiento de 6 semanas por vía oral. Se utilizaron parámetros cuantitativos y semicuatitativos para medir el dolor, volumen articular, amplitud de movimiento articular, eficacia clínica y efectos colaterales. Se administró Naproxen a 55 pacientes y Piroxicam a 54 pacientes, de edades que fluctuaron entre los 51 y 80 años y con predominancia del sexo feminino. Los resultados fueron excelentes y muy buenos en 29 casos (52.7 por ciento) y buenos en 12 casos (21.8 por ciento) en el grupo Naproxen. En el grupo Piroxicam los resultados fueron excelentes y muy buenos en 26 pacientes (48 por ciento) y buenos en 14 casos (25.9 por ciento). En 21 pacientes del grupo con Naproxen (38 por ciento) y en 25 pacientes del grupo Piroxicam (46 por ciento) se presentaron efectos secundarios predominantemente en el tracto gastrointestinal, pero que fueron de leve a moderada intensidad. Las diferencias entre ambos grupos no fueron estadísticamente significativas y por consiguiente, los resultados terapéuticos fueron similares con ambas drogas, notándose una tendencia ligeramente favorable en la disminución del dolos en el grupo con Naproxen. En conclusión la administración de ambas drogas, además de eficaz es bastante segura el uso de una dosis diaria de Naproxen se vuelve una alternativa recomendable.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Naproxeno/administração & dosagem , Osteoartrite do Joelho/tratamento farmacológico , Piroxicam/administração & dosagem , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Método Duplo-Cego , Naproxeno/uso terapêutico , Piroxicam/uso terapêutico
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