[Cardiovascular risk factors in young adults of a penitentiary center]. / Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adultos jóvenes de un centro penitenciario.

OBJECTIVE: The quantification of the cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in a population of young adults, allows to identify their vulnerabilities and contributes to focus on prevention strategies in a group more susceptible of changing their behavior and establishing healthier daily habits. The objectives of this work were to describe the main CVRF and estimate the risk through different models. METHODS: Observational, descriptive, analytical and crosssectional study. All of the population of the centre of both genders, who were admitted and their age span from 18 to 35 as of the 15 September 2017, are included. Sociodemographic, anthropometric and clinical variables were gathered. A descriptive and a gender comparative analysis took place using classical statistical techniques and binary logistic regression analysis. It was determined that cardiovascular risk using Framingham's equation, REGICOR, SCORE, DORICA, and Q-RISK 2017 version. All of the patients who participated gave their authorizations and consent. The project was approved by a Committee of Ethics in Clinical Research. RESULTS: The targeted population were 211 young adults, 6 members could not be contacted so the study held had a population of 205: 170 men (82.9%) and 35 women (17.1%). The average age is 29.9 (IC 95%: 29.3-30.5). The mean stay is 13.3 months. CVRF underlines: genetics 46.3%, sedentariness 38.0%; familiar backgrounds 17.6%; Triglyceridemic 16.6%; obesity 13.2%. Others: psychological 79.5%, eating disorders 72.2%, cocaine consumption 58.0%. Cardiovascular risk by Framingham: low 85.9%, light 12.9%, moderate 1.2%. DORICA: low 87.6%, light 11.8%, moderate 0.6%. REGICOR: low 98.8%, light 1.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The identified risk factors were high toxic consumption, influence of sedentary lifestyle and psychological and alimentary factors.

OBJETIVO: La cuantificación de factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) en una población de adultos jóvenes permite identificar su vulnerabilidad y contribuye a focalizar estrategias de prevención en un grupo más susceptible de cambiar conductas y establecer hábitos de vida más saludables. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir los principales FRCV y estimar el riesgo mediante distintos modelos. METODOS: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, analítico y transversal. Se incluyó toda la población de ambos sexos ingresada en el centro, cuyas edades estuviesen comprendidas entre los 18 y 35 años a 15 de septiembre de 2017. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, antropométricas, y clínicas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y comparativo por sexo mediante técnicas estadísticas clásicas y modelos de regresión logística binaria. Se determinó riesgo cardiovascular mediante ecuaciones de Framingham, REGICOR, SCORE, DORICA y Q-RISK versión 2017. Todos los pacientes participantes dieron consentimiento autorizado. El proyecto fue aprobado por un Comité de Ética en Investigación Clínica. RESULTADOS: La población diana fue de 211 adultos jóvenes, no se pudo contactar con 6. La cohorte final fue de 205 suje- tos: hombres 170 (82,9%), mujeres 35 (17,1%). Media de edad 29,9 (IC 95%: 29,3-30,5). Estancia mediana 13,3 meses. FRCV mayores: Tabaquismo 82,0%; Dislipidemia 21,5%; Hipertensión 15,1%; Diabetes 2,0%. FRCV predisponentes: genéticos 46,3%; sedentarismo 38,0%; antecedentes familiares 17,6%; Trigliceridemia 16,6%; obesidad 13,2%. Otros: psicológicos 79,5%,alimentarios 72,2%; consumo cocaína 58,0%. Riesgo cardiovascular según Framingham: bajo 85,9%, ligero 12,9% moderado 1,2%. DORICA: bajo 87,6%, ligero 11,8%, moderado 0,6%. REGICOR: bajo 98,8% ligero 1,2%. CONCLUSIONES: Los factores de riesgo identificados fueron un alto consumo de tóxicos, la influencia de sedentarismo y los factores psicológicos y alimentarios.

Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adultos jóvenes de un centro penitenciario / Cardiovascular risk factors in young adults of a penitentiary center

Fundamentos: La cuantificación de factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) en una población de adultos jóvenes permite identificar su vulnerabilidad y contribuye a focalizar estrategias de prevención en un grupo más susceptible de cambiar conductas y establecer hábitos de vida más saludables. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir los principales FRCV y estimar el riesgo mediante distintos modelos. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, analítico y transversal. Se incluyó toda la población de ambos sexos ingresada en el centro, cuyas edades estuviesen comprendidas entre los 18 y 35 años a 15 de septiembre de 2017. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, antropométricas, y clínicas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y comparativo por sexo mediante técnicas estadísticas clásicas y modelos de regresión logística binaria. Se determinó riesgo cardiovascular mediante ecuaciones de Framingham, REGICOR, SCORE, DORICA y Q-RISK versión 2017. Todos los pacientes participantes dieron consentimiento autorizado. El proyecto fue aprobado por un Comité de Ética en Investigación Clínica. Resultados: La población diana fue de 211 adultos jóvenes, no se pudo contactar con 6. La cohorte final fue de 205 sujetos: hombres 170 (82,9%), mujeres 35 (17,1%). Media de edad 29,9 (IC 95%: 29,3-30,5). Estancia mediana 13,3 meses. FRCV mayores: Tabaquismo 82,0%; Dislipidemia 21,5%; Hipertensión 15,1%; Diabetes 2,0%. FRCV predisponentes: genéticos 46,3%; sedentarismo 38,0%; antecedentes familiares 17,6%; Trigliceridemia 16,6%; obesidad 13,2%. Otros: psicológicos 79,5%, alimentarios 72,2%; consumo cocaína 58,0%. Riesgo cardiovascular según Framingham: bajo 85,9%, ligero 12,9% moderado 1,2%. DORICA: bajo 87,6%, ligero 11,8%, moderado 0,6%. REGICOR: bajo 98,8% ligero 1,2%. Conclusiones: Los factores de riesgo identificados fueron un alto consumo de tóxicos, la influencia de sedentarismo y los factores psicológicos y alimentarios

Background: The quantification of the cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in a population of young adults, allows to identify their vulnerabilities and contributes to focus on prevention strategies in a group more susceptible of changing their behavior and establishing healthier daily habits. The objectives of this work were to describe the main CVRF and estimate the risk through different models. Methods: Observational, descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study. All of the population of the centre of both genders, who were admitted and their age span from 18 to 35 as of the 15 September 2017, are included. Sociodemographic, anthropometric and clinical variables were gathered. A descriptive and a gender comparative analysis took place using classical statistical techniques and binary logistic regression analysis. It was determined that cardiovascular risk using Framingham's equation, REGICOR, SCORE, DORICA, and Q-RISK 2017 version. All of the patients who participated gave their authorizations and consent. The project was approved by a Committee of Ethics in Clinical Research. Results: The targeted population were 211 young adults, 6 members could not be contacted so the study held had a population of 205: 170 men (82.9%) and 35 women (17.1%). The average age is 29.9 (IC 95%: 29.3-30.5). The mean stay is 13.3 months. CVRF underlines: genetics 46.3%, sedentariness 38.0%; familiar backgrounds 17.6%; Triglyceridemic 16.6%; obesity 13.2%. Others: psychological 79.5%, eating disorders 72.2%, cocaine consumption 58.0%. Cardiovascular risk by Framingham: low 85.9%, light 12.9%, moderate 1.2%. DORICA: low 87.6%, light 11.8%, moderate 0.6%. REGICOR: low 98.8%, light 1.2%. Conclusions: The identified risk factors were high toxic consumption, influence of sedentary lifestyle and psychological and alimentary factors

Tendencia de la tasa de mortalidad en una prisión española (1994-2004) / Trends in mortality in a spanish prison from 1994-2004

Fundamento: Hay pocos trabajos sobre mortalidad en el ámbitopenitenciario. El objetivo es describir las causas, tasas de mortalidady su tendencia en una prisión española.Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, de los fallecimientos en una prisiónentre 01-01-1994 y 31-12-2004. Se recogieron las variablesedad, sexo, fecha del óbito, serología VIH, número de CD4+ en sucaso, y causa de muerte según la clasificación: muerte por VIH, porenfermedad no VIH, suicidio, intoxicación por drogas, y accidentes.Previa estandarización indirecta de tasas, comparamos la mortalidaddel Centro con la del resto de las prisiones españolas. Establecimosla tendencia de las tasas de mortalidad mediante un modelo de regresiónlineal.Resultados: 42 muertes, 41 hombres, 1 mujer. Mediana de edadde 33,10 años (27,72 - 36,12; IQR: 8,40). 30 (71,4%) VIH+, conmediana de 177 linfocitos CD4+/µl 20 pacientes (45,24%) fallecieronpor VIH, 15 (38,10%) por enfermedades no VIH, 3 (7,14%) suicidios,3 (7,14%) intoxicaciones por drogas y 1 (2,38%) accidentalmente.Las tasas crudas de mortalidad estuvieron entre 12,605‰internos/año en 1997 y 1,758‰ internos/año en 2003, con tendenciadescendente a razón de 0,976 muertes‰ internos/año (IC95%:0,399-1,552; p=0,004). Estandarizando tasas nos corresponderían28,6 muertes esperadas en el período, con una SMR de 1,4679.Conclusiones: Aunque la tendencia es descendente, la tasa demortalidad obtenida en el período estudiado fue mayor que la esperada.La principal causa de mortalidad fue el síndrome de inmunodeficienciaadquirida

Background: Few works have focused on studying mortality inprisons. The objective here is to study the causes and incidences ofmortality in a Spanish prison.Methods: Descriptive study of the deaths in a prison between01-01-1994 and 31-12-2004. The following variables were recorded:sex, date of death, HIV serology, number of CD4+ where relevant,and cause of death according to the following classification: death byHIV, by non-HIV disease, suicide, drug overdose and accidents.After indirect standardisation of incidence, we compared mortalityin the Centre with the other Spanish prisons. We established mortalityrate tendencies by a linear regression model.Results: 42 deaths, 41 men, 1 woman. Median age 33.10 years(27.72 - 36.12; IQR: 8.40). 30 (71.4%) HIV+, with a median of 177CD4+ lymphocytes/µl. Twenty patients (45.24%) died from HIV, 15(38.10%) from non-HIV diseases, 3 (7.14%) from suicide, 3 (7.14%)from drug overdose and 1 (2.38%) accidentally. Crude mortalityrates corresponded to 12.605‰ of inmates/year in 1997 and 1.758‰inmates/year in 2003, with a decreasing trend of 0.976 deaths ‰inmates/year (CI 95%: 0.399-1.552; p=0.004). After standardisingrates, we obtain 28.6 expected deaths during the period, with anSMR of 1.4679.Conclusions: Although it follows a decreasing trend, the mortalityrate obtained during the study period was higher than expected.The main cause of mortality was acquired immunodeficiencysyndrome

[Trends in mortality in a Spanish prison from 1994-2004]. / Tendencia de la tasa de mortalidad en una prisión Española (1994-2004).

BACKGROUND: [corrected] Few works have focused on studying mortaty in prisons. The objective here is to study the causes and incidences of mortality in a Spanish prison. METHODS: Descriptive study of the deaths in a prison between 01-01-1994 and 31-12-2004. The following variables were recorded: sex, date of death, HIV serology, number of CD4+ where relevant, and cause of death according to the following classification: death by HIV, by non-HIV disease, suicide, drug overdose and accidents. After indirect standardisation of incidence, we compared mortality in the Centre with the other Spanish prisons. We established mortaality rate tendencies by a linear regression model. RESULTS: 42 deaths, 41 men, 1 woman. Median age 33.10 years (27.72-36.12; IQR: 8.40). 30 (71.4%) HIV+, with a median of 177 CD4+ lymphocytes/microl. Twenty patients (45.24%) died from HIV, 15 (38.10%) from non-HIV diseases, 3 (7.14%) from suicide, 3 (7.14%) from drug overdose and 1 (2.38%) accidentally. Crude mortality rates corresponded to 12.605% per hundred of inmates/year in 1997 and 1.758%, inmates/year in 2003, with a decreasing trend of 0.976 deaths % per hundred, inmates/year (CI 95%: 0.399-1.552; p = 0.004). After standardising rates, we obtain 28.6 expected deaths daring the period, with an SMR of 1.4679. CONCLUSIONS: Although it follows a decreasing trend, the mortality rate obtained during the study period was higher than expected. The main cause of mortality was acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.