[The factors in local protection of the lungs and the status of cellular immunity in patients before and after thoracic operations]. / Faktory mestnoi zashchity legkikh i sostoianie kletochnogo immuniteta u bol'nykh do i posle torakal'nykh operatsii.

Twenty-seven patients operated on the lungs and heart (aortocoronary bypass surgery) were examined. Cellular immunity parameters were studied in venous blood, and the function of immunocompetent cells, status of the surfactant system, and albumin level were assessed in the bronchoalveolar washings off. An impairment of the T-component of cellular immunity (T-suppressors), reduced level of alveolar macrophages and of their phagocytic activity, reduced activity of the surfactant system, and increased albumin content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were revealed in patients with a complicated course of the postoperative period. In patients with a smooth course of the postoperative period these shifts were less expressed. The data indicate the necessity of antibacterial and immunomodulated therapy in such patients before and after surgery.

[The pathogenesis of hypoventilation in the operated lung]. / K voprosu o patogeneze gipoventiliatsii operirovannogo legkogo.

The content of immunocompetent cells, activity of lipid peroxidation processes, function of the surfactant system, and levels of prostacyclin and thromboxane were studied in 9 patients with resected lungs in the perioperative period separately for the intact and operated on lung. The function of immunocompetent cells deteriorated in both lungs after surgery. The levels of albumin and thromboxane were increased in the bronchoalveolar washings from the lung operated on reliably more than in those from intact lung, and the surface active characteristics deteriorated. Eight patients developed hypoventilation of the operated on lung in the postoperative period.

[Immunological disorders in vitamin A and B1 deficiencies]. / Immunologicheskie narusheniia pri defitsite vitaminov A i B1.

Atrophy of the thymus, mitogen-induced inhibition of T-lymphocyte blast-transformation, and decrease of the humoral immune response were observed in rats with alimentary vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin B1 deficiency induced by administration of oxythiamine led to the thymus atrophy, inhibition of T-lymphocyte blastogenic response in mice, and to suppression of delayed hypersensitivity in guinea pigs.

[Change in the activity of specific and nonspecific immunity mechanisms in vitamin B1 deficiency]. / Izmenenie aktivonsti nekotorykh mekhanizmov spetsificheskogo i nespetsificheskogo immuniteta pri B1-vitaminnoi nedostatochnosti.

The effect of thiamin deficiency on the immune response and activity of some mechanisms of natural immunity was studied in experimental mature rats. Thiamin deficiency was simulated by a single injection of hydroxythiamin (thiamin antagonists). Hydroxythiamin markedly decreased the complement activity, phagocytic activity of peripheral blood leucocytes, serum bactericidal activity as well as antibody production in response to sheep red blood cells. On the contrary, lysozyme activity increased. Vitamin B1 deficiency reduced 14C-leucine incorporation activity in the liver proteins.