[Primary and secondary prevention of alcoholic liver cirrhosis].

Alcohol--is the main causative factor of cirrhosis among the population in Russia. The primary prevention must be focused on exception of consumption of heavy doses of alcohol hepatitis and B vaccination. There are no healthy doses of alcohol. Secondary prevention means the use of the hepatoprotectors. List of hepatoprotectors and also amount of money spent to the purchase of these hepatoprotectors increase constantly. But, unfortunately, alongside with it, increases the mortality from hepatic disorders. Effectiveness of the most hepatoprotectors (such as Essential phospholipids, milk thistle) equals to the effectiveness of placebo.

[Epidemiological and clinical significance of hepatitis B and C marker detection in blood of patients and donors].

During the assessment of 118 299 patients from hospital n. a. A.A.Vishnevskiy (2001-2005) anti-HCV was found out in 3.6%, HbsAg in 1.94%. By comparison with data of 1992-1994 (hospital n. a. N.N.Burdenko) the indices of disclosure of anti-HCV in in-patients fell 2 times, HbsAg 6.4 times. During this period, diverse changes of frequency of detection of markers in blood-donors took place: HbsAg--reduction, anti-HCV-elevation. During 2001-2005 reduction of frequency of detection of anti-HCV was noted in in-patients and blood donors, but reduction of frequency of detection of HbsAg only in blood donors. The frequency of detection of hepatitis C, B markers in blood donors during the last 10-15 years is correlated with the incidence of virus cirrhosis. Dynamic changes or stability of frequency of detection of hepatitis C, B markers in blood donors and in-patients during current period is correlated with the score of virus cirrhosis mortality.

[Interdependence between alcohol consumption and mortality from hepatic cirrhosis].

The article presents the data on the dependence between death rate caused by cirrhosises and consumption level of alcohol in Europe and Russia, based mainly on data of foreign publications, particularly--the results of ECAS research with a mathematical description of the taped rigid dependence between these indexes. The article also presents short characteristic of alcohol situation and executability of equations of regress, received from ECAS, for levels of alcoholic consumption and death rate from liver cirrhosis in Russia.

[The clinico-pathogenetic variants of cholestasis in different liver diseases]. / Kliniko-patogeneticheskie varianty kholestaza pri razlichnykh zabolevaniiakh pecheni.

To base the clinico-pathogenetic nonuniformity of cholestasis in different liver diseases, 135 patients distributed into groups were examined. Group I was made up of 48 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, group II of 34 patients with chronic active hepatitis, group III of 29 patients with liver cirrhosis, and group IV of 24 patients with primary and metastatic liver carcinoma. The data obtained suggest the existence of different forms of cholestasis: multicomponent cholestasis, partial bilirubin cholestasis, partial choleacid cholestasis. In the group I patients, the incidence of cholestasis was 8.3%, in group II 2.9%, in group III 3.4%. The incidence of partial choleacid cholestasis was 4.2% in group I, 2.9% in group II, and 6.9% in group III. The presence of partial cholestasis may be caused by the impairment of the assumed "personal" carrier for different bile components.