[The effect of myelopeptide on the functional activity of the peripheral blood leukocytes]. / Vliianie mielopeptida na funktsional'nuiu aktivnost' leikotsitov perifericheskoi krovi.

The authors studied the properties of myelopeptide (MP) which is a stimulant of antibody production of bone marrow origin. It is shown that MP possesses marked chemotactic activity in relation to polymorphonuclear leukocytes. MP may apparently be a regulator of cell activation by anaphylatoxins. MP intensifies lysosomal secretion by blood leukocytes. On acting on mononuclears, MP induces fibrinolytic activity which is not characteristic of this cell population under physiological conditions. A maximal effect is achieved with MP concentration of 10 micrograms/ml. The possibility of clinical application of MP may therefore be expanded because the agent has an effect not only on processes of antibody production, but possesses a wider action, being, evidently, a mediator providing for immune intensification of cell effector mechanisms of inflammation realization, which is important in the management of inflammation in immunodeficiency.

[Functional state of peripheral blood neutrophils in children with rheumatism and borderline conditions]. / Funktsional'noe sostoianie neitrofilov perifericheskoi krovi pri revmatizme i pogranichnykh s nim sostoianiiakh u detei.

The authors discuss the effect of exotoxin of beta-hemolytic streptococcus (streptolysin-O) on the chemotactic activity of the peripheral blood leukocytes. 107 children with various forms of rheumatic fever and acute diseases of Streptococcal etiology and 18 healthy children were examined. The absence of the phenomenon of a specific chemotactic deactivation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in response to streptolysin-O in healthy persons and in those suffering from rheumatic fever has been revealed. Sharply marked sensitization of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to streptolysin-O in patients with rheumatism increasing in the course of the disease and remaining in the inactive phase has been noted. The functional activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes is characterized by chemotactic deactivation in response to streptolysin O that probably provides a favorable outcome of the disease.

[Level of the C3-component of complement in the blood serum of sick children]. / Soderzhanie C3-komponenta komplementa v syvorotke krovi bol'nykh detei.

The levels of the complement C3 component have been measured in children with various diseases (immunodeficiency states, food allergy, rheumatoid arthritis, severe and medium-severe forms of acute respiratory viral infections), and the complement consumption in the course of alternative activation has been examined. The findings evidence a relationship between the complement C3 component consumption and the blood serum IgA level, as well as between the C3 level and the neutrophilic phagocytic and metabolic activities.

[Activity of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis in the liver and corticosterone levels of the blood of thymectomized rats]. / Aktivnost' kliuchevykh fermentov gliukoneogeneza v pecheni i soderzhanie kortikosterona v krovi timéktomirovannykh krys.

Thymectomized rats have been studied with the aim to determine the activity of gluconeogenesis key enzymes (phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase, fructose-1.6-diphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase), the glycogen content in the liver, the corticosterone level in blood and electrolytes concentration in erythrocytes and blood plasma. The activity of glucose-6-phosphatase and the glycogen content in the liver as well as the corticosterone level in the rat blood are shown to diminish after thymectomy. Changes are found in the electrolytic composition of blood as well as in the activity of key enzyme of the pentose cycle in erythrocytes. The data obtained indicate that thymectomy in rats is followed by the pronounced biochemical shifts induced by the thymus hormone deficiency and disturbance of interrelations in the system of neuroendocrine regulation.

[Effect of thymectomy on activity of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis in the rat liver]. / Vliianie timéktomii na aktivnost' kliuchevykh fermentov gliukoneogeneza v pecheni krys.

Activities of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis--phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase as well as the content of glycogen were studied in liver tissue of thymectomized rats. Gluconeogenesis was inhibited in liver tissue of these rats. As thymus and adrenal cortex are firmly related, the inhibition of gluconeogenesis in liver tissue of thymectomized rats appears to occur due to a decrease in the glucocorticoid activating effect followed the inhibition of adrenal cortex functions and absence of thymus hormones directly responsible for carbohydrate metabolism.

[Effect of thymectomy on the endocrine function of the adrenal cortex and testes in rats]. / Vliianie timektomii na endokrinnuiu funktsiiu kory nadpochechnikov i semennikov u krys.

The paper is concerned with a study of endocrine function of the adrenal cortex and testes of rats after thymectomy using a radioimmunoassay. Postnatal thymectomy resulted after 3 months in a decrease in the level of corticosterone in the blood, the level of testosterone did not change as compared to that in animals after false operation. Thymectomized rats were characterized by a stronger sensitivity of the adrenals and gonads to physical exercise of moderate intensity which was expressed in a more significant elevation of the corticosterone level in the blood and a decrease in the testosterone level. A decrease in the Na+ concentration and an increase in the K+ content in erythrocytes and blood plasma were revealed in the thymectomized rats 3 and 6 mos after operation. A deficit of the thymus hormone influenced endocrine function of the adrenals and testes.

[Effect of levamisole on nonspecific resistance of patients in the early post-shock period]. / Vliianie levamizola na nespetsificheskuiu rezistentnost' postradavshikh v rannem postshokovom periode.

The authors consider that the application of Levamisol in the treatment of patients decreases the amount of complications if the degree of shock was not great. In greater degree of shock Levamisole failed to exert a favorable effect.

[Effect of thymectomy on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the rat]. / Vliianie timéktomii na uglevodnyi i lipidnyi obmen u krys.

12 months after thymectomy (TE), the diminution of glucose concentration, glucose metabolic products in blood and decreased activity of liver phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase of rats were demonstrated. The disturbance of gluconeogenesis in TE rats, however, proceeded in a latent manner within 9 months. These data suggest that thymectomized animals, along with T-immunodeficiency, develop an inhibited gluconeogenesis. The thymus gland seems to influence the glucose homeostasis either directly or through some interactions with the neuroendocrine controlling system.

[Structure of the thymus, iliac and mesenteric lymph nodes in the rat at different stages of pregnancy]. / Stroenie vilochkovoi zhelezy, podvzdoshnykh i bryzheechnykh limfaticheskikh uzlov u krys v raznye periody beremennosti.

Development of pregnancy results in a systemic reaction of the immunogenetic organs: the structure of both the central (thymus) and peripheral lymphoid organs (lymph nodes) undergoes certain changes, beginning from its earliest stages (preimplantation period). Unidirection of the processes in the iliac (that are regional for the uterus) and mesenteric lymph nodes is stated. The reconstruction of the node occurs according to the reaction type at tissue allotransplantation, when hypertrophy of the thymus-dependent zone comes forward. During the period of the greatest manifestations of these alterations, however (the second half of pregnancy) the migration process of lymphocytes from blood into the lymph node is significantly inhibited. This is essentially clear in the iliac lymph nodes. The reconstruction of the thymus is in general similar with phenomena of accidental involution. However, accumulation of thymocytes in the medulla demonstrates blocking of their discharge into the blood stream. The disturbed processes of recirculation of result in incompleteness of the immune response at pregnancy and, perhaps, are included into the protective mechanisms of the offspring reproduction.