[Stool culture. Evaluation of technics of salmonellosis diagnosis]. / La coproculture. Evaluation des techniques pour le diagnostic des salmonelloses.

With a view to standardizing diagnostic methods in our country, we have attempted to evaluate the techniques for isolating Salmonella, more particularly S. typhi, by stool culture. The various factors influencing the isolation rate of these organisms are studied, i.e.: the mode of sampling, the components of media for both isolation and enrichment, and subcultures. A scheme for isolation of Salmonella from stools is proposed.

[Problems of variability of Mueller-Hinton medium for sensitivity testing. Some parameters and an attempt to standardize sensitivity of Salmonella typhi]. / Problèmes de variabilité du milieu de Mueller-Hinton pour antibiogrammes. Etude de quelques paramètres et essais de standardisation pour les antibiogrammes de Salmonella typhi.

The incidence of some so-called "Mueller-Hinton Medium" for sensitivity testing on the growth of bacteria (especially S. typhi) and on the drug activity are evaluated here. The role of the quality and amount of ingredients : peptone, agar and starch are emphasized. An improved medium is proposed : tryptophane is added to compensate the casein hydrolysate deficiency for S. typhi growth.

[Evolution of the repartition of enteropathogenic enterobacteria serotypes isolated in Algeria from 1974 to 1977]. / Evolution de la répartition des sérotypes d'entérobactéries entéropathogénes isolés en Algérie de 1974 a 1977.

The authors survey the enteropathogenic enterobacteria studied from 1974 to 1977 and draw the following conclusions : S. typhi is still the predominant serotype. Among Salmonella, other than S. typhi and S. paratyphi, S. wien remains the most frequently reported serotype while progressively decreasing from 1974 to 1976 and is supplanted by S. infantis in 1977. Among the 847 strains of Shigella examined, a high frequency of Shigella flexneri is noted with Shigella sonnei following by a wide margin. As regards the enteropathogenic E. coli the serotypes 0111 : K 68 (B4) and 0125 : K 70 (B15) were isolated, frequently from 1974 to 1976 but the serotype 0119 : K 69 (B14) became the most frequent in 1977.

[Surveillance of drug resistance in pathogenic enterobacteria in Algeria. I. Study of the resistance of major and minor Salmonella species to antibiotics in 1973-1974]. / Surveillance de la résistance des entérobactéries pathogènes en Algédrie. I.--Etude de la résistance des Salmonella majeures et des Salmonella mineures aux antibiotiques en 1973-1974.

901 Salmonella strains were examined in our laboratory between October 1973 and August 1974 for their sensitivity to antibiotics. The aim of this study was, on the one hand to detect the possible emergence of drug resistance in strains of Salmonella responsible for typhoid and paratyphoid fevers; on the other hand to follow up, as closely as possible, the occurrence of drug resistance in strains of other Salmonella serotypes isolated in infant and child populations; and, in addition, to awaken practitioners to the problems inherent to the widespread use of antibiotics in these diseases. The 752 typhoid and paratyphoid bacilli strains were found to be drug sensitive with the exception of one Salmonella typhi isolate bearing a R-plasmid coding for resistance to six antibiotics. 91% of the other Salmonella serotypes strains showed resistance to 3 - 7 antibiotics including a number of the latest in use. These data are discussed and a case is made for standardization in the treatment of typhoid fever and review of the use of antibiotics against salmonelloses in infants and young children.