[The application of aquaerobic as a form of therapeutic exercises for the prenatal preparation of the pregnant women].

The present review considers aquaerobic as a form of therapeutic exercises for the prenatal preparation of the pregnant women. It is shown that aquaerobic improves the parameters characterizing the degree of physical preparedness and physical development of the pregnant women, normalizes their general well-being, mood, sleep, physical activity, and working capacity. Moreover, regular aquaerobic exercises prevent the development of pregnancy complications.

[The role of therapeutic exercises in the correction of the static component of the motor stereotype in the patients presenting with cervical myofascial pain syndrome].

The present study was designed to estimate the influence of various modalities of therapeutic exercises on the static component of the motor stereotype in 200 patients presenting with cervical myofascial pain syndrome. The study was performed with the use of computed optical topography. The course of therapeutic exercises included 10 sessions of the total duration of 14 days. It is concluded based on the data obtained in this study that remedial gymnastics based on the understanding of the internal body model ("body scheme") with the use of static symmetric exercises is 2.7 times as effective as the traditional approach.

[Biologically active substances of cornelian cherry fruits (Cornus mas L.)].

10 samples of fresh-frozen cornelian cherry fruits (Cornus mas L.), collected in the Tambov and the Caucasus regions, were investigated for the total amount and composition of the main biologically active substances (BAS): anthocyanins (AC), proanthocyanidins (OPC), dihydroxycinnamic acids (DHCA), iridoids, organic acids, mono- and disaccharides and antiradical activity in the DPPH-test in vitro. Total phenolics content determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method, was 150-400 mg/100 g fresh fruit weight. The OPC content, estimated by Bate-Smith method, varied from 20-25 mg/100 g of unripe cornelian cherries to 80-430 mg/100 g of mature cornelian cherries. Total AC amount evaluated by pH-differential spectrophotometry was minimal in unripe fruits (11,2 mg/100 g), and maximal in mature fruits (92,2 mg/100 g). Profile of individual AC was determined by HPLC with UV/Vis and ESI-TOF-MS detections. 3-galactosides of cyanidin (19,0-80,3%) and pelargonidin (15,1-75,6%) were found as main anthocyanins. An original methodology for iridoid determination based on HPLC with UV and ESI-TOF-MS detection was developed. The main iridoids were identified as loganic acid, loganin, sweroside and cornuside. Total iridoids content was 130-400 mg/100 g, and loganic acid was predominant in all samples (87,6-94,8%). Only minor amount of the DHCA derivatives (<10 mg/100 g) were found. The malic acid was predominant among organic acids, the total content of which varied from 0,4 to 2,8%. Relatively high amount of ascorbic acid (35-60 mg/100 g) was found. The carbohydrates profile of cornielian cherries was represented by fructose (2,2-3,8%) and glucose (2,5-7,0%). 70% water-ethanol extracts of Cornus mas fruits have showed pronounced antiradical activity in DPPH-test (470,5-932,0 mg TE/100 g). The data on specific minor BAS can be used in the standardization and evaluation of potential biological activity of extracts and dietary supplements based on the cornelian cherry fruits.

[State of thiol exchange in patients with psoriasis and its possible correction].

Experiments on erythrocytes of patients were used to study the influence of remaxol and ademetionin on the exchange of thiols. The values of thioldisulfide exchange indicators were determined in the beginning of the period of observation and at the end of every week within one month. Patients who received hepato-protectors in combination with higher-level thiols showed positive dynamics in disease treatment as compared to patients receiving standard therapy. The concentration of restored glutathione and proteins of hydrosulfide groups and the activity of glutathione peroxidase are informative criteria for estimating the course of disease current and the efficiency of therapy of widespread forms of psoriasis.

[The use of Charcot's douche with different temperature regimes in the training process of the athletes].

Thirty six male athletes at the age from 17 to 25 years (masters and candidate masters of sports) were divided into two groups as follows: group 1 (fencing, n=20) and group 2 (badminton, n=16). The athletes used Charcot's douche with a water temperature either 20 degrees C or 38-40 degrees C after each evening training session. Their functional conditions were estimated based on the results of the measurements of the muscular tone and tensodynamometry. The data obtained were supplemented by the assessment of the subjective state of the athletes and pedagogical testing. It was shown that the hydroprocedures using water with a temperature of 20 degrees C produced tonic effect while the application of water with a temperature of 38-40 degrees C had a relaxing action. Taken together, the results of the study indicate that Charcot's douche with different temperature regimes can be recommended as a tool for controlling the adaptive mechanisms in the athletes, enhancing their functional abilities, and improving the efficacy of the training process.

[The influence of various technologies of sports massage on biochemical parameters of the blood].

Different variants of sports massage were tested on 8 fencers (masters and candidate masters of sports) aged between 18 and 22 years. Variant 1 was stimulating massage with the predominant impact on the selected groups of muscles while variant II included relaxation massage with the selective impact on the connective-tissue structures. Blood glucose, cortisol, thyroxin, triiodo-thyronine levels and concentrations of lactic, uric, and non-esterified fatty acids were measured before and after the massage. The results of the study indicate that different technological regimens of sports massage may cause multidirectional changes in the metabolism of selected biologically important compounds. The stimulating massage improves the functional state of the neuromuscular apparatus and activates energy production (in the first place, through enhanced utilization of the substances required for maintaining this process) which suggests formation of the mechanisms necessary for "emergency" adaptation. The relaxation massage suppresses the functional activity of the neuromuscular apparatus and energy consumption which results in the transition of the organism into the state dominated by accumulation of selected substances characteristic of "long-term" adaptation.

[Clinical picture of hearing defects caused by Cx26 gene mutations].

The study of prevalence of Cx26 gene mutations in children suffering from congenital and prespeech non-syndromal hypoacusis was conducted in Russian population since 2001. The screening of this group of children showed that 35delG mutation occurred in 53%. This index depends on the region and clinical characteristics of the groups studied. Thus, in the family burden it increased to 65% and more. The article presents clinical characteristics of hearing problems caused by 35delG mutation in Cx26 gene. Clinical evidence was obtained on 197 patients with the affected genotype (146 homozygotes and 51 heterozygotes by deletion). Most of deletion homozygotes were diagnosed early (under 1 year) and had bilateral neurosensory hypoacusis with frequent severe hearing loss (75.7%). No family burden was seen in 47% patients with abnormal genotype. In the group studied only 24% cases had no familial burden. 20% children were born by mother with abnormal pregnancy and delivery, 2.5% had the history of severe infections except meningitis, 11.7% - of first year diseases. Cx26 gene mutations were diagnosed in half cases of hypoacusis in children whose parents attribute hearing loss to administration of antibiotics.

[Coinheritance of chromosomes 3 and 11 in the patients with autosomal recessive polycythemia from Chuvachia].

Inheritance of chromosomes 3 and 11 in the families with Chuvash autosomal recessive polycythemia and in control group with no disease symptoms was examined using polymorphic dinucleotide markers D3S1597 and D3S1263, mapped to region 3p25, and D11S4111, D11S4127, and D11S1356, mapped to region 11q23. All patients were homozygous for the C598T mutation in the VHL gene (3p25). The analysis showed that in 75% of the cases, chromosome 3 carrying C598T mutation was coinherited with certain chromosome 11, which differed from 50%, expected upon independent inheritance of each chromosome. In case of chromosome 3 without C598T mutation, this pattern was observed neither in healthy sibs form the families with autosomal recessive polycythemia (44%), nor in the control group (43%). These results suggest that in case of the C598T mutation in the VHL gene, chromosomal loci 3p25 and 11q23 are inherited not independently, compared to the inheritance of these loci in the absence of the mutation in healthy sibs from the affected families (chi2 = 16.14; P < 0.001), and also in the control family sample (chi2 = 17.91; P < 0.001).

[The structure of the micromycete complexes of oligotrophic peat deposits in the southern taiga subzone of West Siberia]. / Struktura mikromitsetnogo kompleksa oligotrofnykh torfianikov iuzhno-taezhnoi podzony Sapadnoi Sibiri.

The analysis of the micromycete complexes of oligotrophic peat deposits in the Vasyugan Marsh by direct count and culture methods showed that the micromycete carbon comprises no more than 3% of the total peat carbon and that the microscopic fungal biomass varies from 2 to 13 tons/hectare, depending on the season and the peat deposit thickness. Fungal spores were found in all layers of the peat deposits, whereas the mycelium was found only in the active peat layer. The high abundance of eukaryotic cells in the peats was due to the presence of yeastlike cells rather than fungal spores. Analyses by culture methods showed that micromycetes were present in all peat layers and that their abundance tended to decrease with depth, except for yeasts, which were uniformly distributed in a vertical direction. The micromycete complexes of the peat deposits were similar in the diversity and abundance of dominant species but differed in the composition of minor species. Peat yeasts were dominated by ascomycetes.

[A new yeast species, Candida aurita sp. nov., from oligotrophic bogs of Western Siberia]. / Novyi vid drozhzhei Candida aurita sp. nov. iz oligotrofnykh bolot Zapadnoi Sibiri.

Five anamorphous yeast strains of ascomycetous affinity with a specific mode of budding were isolated from raised bog soils of Bakcharskoe Bog (Tomsk oblast). According to their morphological and physiological properties, these strains belong to the genus Candida but differ from all species described previously. The level of DNA-DNA homology with species similar in the assimilation spectrum was as low as 7%. Based on these data, the new species Candida aurita sp. nov. is described.

[Yeast biodiversity in hydromorphic soils with reference to grass-Sphagnum swamp in Western Siberia and the hammocky tundra region( Barrow, Alaska)]. / Bioraznoobrazie drozzhei v gidromorfnykh pochvakh na primere traviano-sfagnovogo bolota (zapadnaia Sibir') i kochkarnoi tundry (Barrow, Aliaska).

The microbiological analysis of 78 samples taken from a boreal bog in Western Siberia and from a tundra wetland soil in Alaska showed the presence of 23 yeast species belonging to the genera Bullera, Candida, Cryptococcus, Debaryomyces, Hanseniaspora, Metschnikowia, Mrakia, Pichia, Rhodotorula, Saccharomyces, Sporobolomyces, Torulaspora, and Trichosporon. Peat samples from the boreal bog were dominated by eurytopic anamorphic basidiomycetous species, such as Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Sporobolomyces roseus, and by the ascomycetous yeasts Candida spp. and Debaryomyces hansenii. These samples also contained two rare ascomycetous species (Candida paludigena and Schizoblastosporion starkeyi-henricii), which so far have been found only in taiga wetland soils. The wetland Alaskan soil was dominated by one yeast species (Cryptococcus gilvescens), which is a typical inhabitant of tundra soils. Therefore, geographic factors may serve for a more reliable prediction of yeast diversity in soils than the physicochemical or ecotopic parameters of these soils.