Immunophenotypic features of leukemic stem cells and bulk of blasts in acute myeloid leukemia.

According to the modern concept, leukemic stem cells (LSC) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are distinct from the bulk of leukemic cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood of AML patients. Nevertheless, LSC are responsible for managing all the hierarchy of the bulk of leukemic blast populations. This mini-review provides brief information on the distinctive features of LSC and blast cells in cytologically recognized types of AML. The study of different phenotypes of LSC and blast cells in AML with the aid of up-to-date flow cytometric techniques is important both for the deep insight into the mechanisms of leukemogenesis and development of novel strategies of target therapy. The urgent need for extending the diagnostic panel of monoclonal antibodies used for diagnosing AML is beyond doubt.

[Preventive effect of domestic, synthetic beta-carotene on the development of rat mammary tumors induced by DMBA]. / Prevenivnoe deistvie otechestvennogo sinteticheskogo beta-karotina na razvitie indutsirovannykh DMBA opukholei molochnoi zhelezy krys.

Preventive effects of artificial beta-carotene on the development of rat mammary gland adenocarcinomas induced by DMBA were studied in rats maintained on a diet containing beta-carotene at a dose of 2.5 mg per animal within 10 weeks, which was initiated after the carcinogen administration. The carotenoid treatment course caused the following effects: manifestation of adenocarcinomas induced by DMBA was decreased, latent period of neoplasm development as well as the rate of tumor differentiation were increased and metastatic spreading into the regional lymph nodes was inhibited.

[Biosynthesis of immunoglobin G in a cell-free system]. / Issledovanie biosinteza immunoglobulina G v beskletochnoi sisteme.

Optimal conditions are selected to study biosynthesis of proteins by the microsomal cell-free system. It is established that incorporation of the radioactive precursor into anew synthesized proteins by microsomes decreases in a series: the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow. It is shown that under malignant growth considerably higher amount of protein with the antigenic properties of immunoglobulin C is synthesized in the spleen of leukemic rats than in other organs of control leukemic animals.

[Features of the biosynthesis of immunoglobulin G peculiar to the growth process]. / Osobennosti biosinteza immunoglobulina G, kharskternogo dlia protsessov rosta.

It is established that with partial hepatectomy, Shvets leukosis and hepatoma RS-1 the biosynthesis intensity of rat blood serum proteins producing aggregates in the acid medium is considerably higher than that of other serum proteins, the incorporation of the radioactive precursor into immunoglobulin G peculiar to intensive normal and malignant growth being particularly intensive. During liver regeneration as well as in malignant growth specific radioactivity of immunoglobulin G peculiar to the growth processes is three and five times, respectively, as high as this value for blood serum soluble proteins and proteins of alpha-globulin fractions.

[Study of cytoplasmic RNA in tissues of the rat, regenerating liver and in liver of rats with hepatoma PC-1]. / Doslidzhennia tsitoplazmatichnikh RNK v tkaninakh regeneruiuchoi pechinki shchuriv ta pechinki shchuriv iz gepatomoiu PC-1.

Cytoplasmic RNA of the rat regenerating liver and liver of rats with hepatoma PC-1 is separated into five fractions on the column of kieselgur with methylated albumin (MAK). Studies in the nucleotide composition showed that certain fractions of cytoplasm RNA are ribosomal and messenger RNA. The highest amount of radioactive precursor is incorporated into messenger RNA of the rat regenerating liver and liver of the rats with hepatoma PC-1 which is eluated from the column by 0.2% solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate at 37 degrees C (third fraction). Actinomycin D in doses inhibiting appearance of characteristic proteins in the blood serum of rats with the regenerating liver and heaptoma PC-1 blocks almost completely biosynthesis of ribosomal RNA eluated from the MAK column in the gradient of sodium chloride (second fraction), and that of messenger RNA, eluated by sodium dodecyl-sulphate at 37 degrees C (third fraction).

[Differences in transcription of nuclear RNA from rat liver with normal and malignant growth]. / Vidminnosti u transkriptsii iadernikh RNK pechinki shchuriv za normal'nogo i zloiakisnogo rostu.

Total nuclear RNA was isolated under conditions of actinomycin D blocking ion-exchange chromatography on kieselguhr columns with methylated albumin detected differences in transpiration of rat liver nuclear RNA with intensive normal and malignant growth. Actinomycin D in doses blocking the appearance of peculiar proteins in the blood serum of rats with the regenerating liver and RS-1 hepatoma produces a different effect on the biosynthesis of nuclear DNA-like RNA of the rat liver. 24h after a partial hepatectomy the antibiotic inhibits considerably the biosynthesis of nuclear DNA-like RNA which is eluated during chromatographying with 0.2% solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate at 70 degrees C. With RS-1 hepatoma the actinomycin D effect is most pronounced with respect to nuclear DNA-like RNA of rats with a tumour which is washed off from the column with a 0.2% solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate at 37 degrees C.