[The surgical treatment of medullocervical tumors]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie medullotservikal'nykh opukholei.

The study included 12 operated patients with medullocervical gliomas. Two of them had hemangioblastomas, 6-ependymomas, 4-astrocytomas with different degree of dedifferentiation. The gross total tumor removals were achieved in 4 patients with ependymomas and patient with hemangioblastomas. Two patients with ependymomas and one with hemangioblastoma had their tumors removed subtotally. All astrocytomas were partially excised. The neurological long tract signs were alleviated almost in all ependymoma and hemangioblastoma patients after surgery. Complication rate was the highest in the astrocytoma group. The authors discussed indications and contraindications for surgery depending on the tumor type.

[The specifics of the diagnosis of hepatic trauma in a closed combined injury]. / Osobennosti diagnostiki povrezhdeniia pecheni pri zarkrytoi sochetannoi travme.

Examination was done to 196 injured persons with the closed abdominal trauma and hepatic injury. Reverse dependence between the trauma severity and frequency of abdominal symptoms exposure was established. Importance of rational use of instrumental diagnostical methods to reveal the hepatic injury timely was stressed.

[The effect of light craniocerebral trauma on cardiac activity]. / Vliianie cherepno-mozgovoi travmy legkoi stepeni na deiatel'nost' serdtsa.

Heart activity was studied by electrocardiography (ECG) and variation pulsometry in patients aged from 17 to 44 1-21 days after light brain trauma. Homeostatic imbalance between suprasegmental structures of the brain was established. Disintegrated activity of these structures results in increase of ECG and variation pulsometry may be additional criteria for assessment of interactions between sympathetic nervous system and different levels of heart rhythm regulation.

[Specifics of diagnostic and surgical approach in the treatment of complicated injuries of the extremities in the acute period]. / Osobennosti diagnostiki i khirurgicheskaia taktika pri lechenii sochetannykh povrezhdenii nervov konechnostei v ostrom periode.

The results of treatment of 82 patients with associated injury to the nerves of the extremities have been analysed. In rupture of a nerve, the clinico-neurologic examination has the most informative value, in its partial injury, the performance of electrophysiologic investigations is mandatory. A degree of restoration of the extremity function depends on timeliness and adequacy of the operation.

[Hyperbaric oxygenation in the combined treatment of the neurological manifestations in osteochondrosis of the cervical spine]. / Giperbaricheskaia oksigenatsiia v kompleksnom lechenii nevrologicheskikh proiavlenii pri osteokhondroze sheinogo otdela pozvonochnika.

The authors analyze treatment results of 123 patients with neurological manifestations of cervical osteochondrosis. Complex treatment was used medical and surgical. In 110 patients hyperbaric oxygenation was used and it is suggested that in the complex treatment of such patients it proved rather effective. Use of hyperbaric oxygenation is indicated in treatment-resistant forms of cervical osteochondrosis and may also be an additional test for indications of surgical interventions.

[Osteosynthesis in patients with associated cranio-cerebral trauma]. / Osteosintez u bol'nykh s sochetannoi cherepno-mozgovoi travmoi.

In the article are presented the results of surgical treatment of 176 patients with associated craniocerebral injury. To the primary osteosynthesis in the first post-hospital day have been subjected 75 patients and to the postponed osteosynthesis--101 patient. For osteosynthesis there have been applied the methods of stable-functional osteosynthesis by plates (57.3%), by means of the external fixation apparatus (19.8%), by rods (10.8%) and by other means. The experience of the primary osteosynthesis, including the experience of simultaneous operation on 2-3 segments with application of the atraumatic technique, indicates that the operation doesn't aggravate the severity of injury but ensures more quick rehabilitation of the patients with craniocerebral injury, guarantees the complete restoration of function during 1-2 post-operative months.

[Diagnosis of mild cranio-cerebral injury]. / K diagnostike legkoi cherepno-mozgovoi travmy.

As many as 143 patients with concussion and 79 with contusion of the brain of the mild degree were examined. In concussion, the oral reflex never occurs. Meanwhile Marinesco-Radovici reflex is positive almost in 90%, appearing, however, not earlier than 6 hours after the injury and lasting up to 7-16 days. It should be mentioned that in 53.5%, the reflex is unilateral. The latter fact indicates that in concussion, over half the patients manifest the signs of cortical focal derangement together with general cerebral disseminated minisymptoms, seen throughout 1-2 weeks. In mild contusion of the brain in the acute stage, the oral reflex is detectable in 27% of cases. Marinesco-Radovici reflex appears only by days 2-4 after the contusion. The data obtained are helpful in defining the level, degree of the involvement of brain structures, and dynamics of their reverse development in patients with craniocerebral injury, thereby contributing to adequate differential diagnosis of concussion and contusion of the brain of the mild degree.

[Dynamic monitoring of the severity of brain edema and swelling by separate impedance measurement in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma]. / Dinamicheskii kontrol' vyrazhennosti oteka i nabukhaniia mozga metodom razdel'noi impedansometrii u bol'nykh s tiazheloi cherepno-mozgovoi travmoi.

The dynamics of brain edema and swelling was studied according to the indices of separate impedancemetry in the early posttraumatic period in 36 patients with severe craniocerebral trauma. Swelling of the brain predominated on the 1st and 2nd days in most patients. Later, depending on the severity of the posttraumatic period, the swelling may grow or be replaced by edema with subsequent normalization. A parallelism was revealed between the severity of brain edema and swelling, the intracranial pressure value, and the severity of the patient's condition.

[Mortality rate in multiple trauma and prospects of its reduction]. / Struktura letal'nosti pri politravme i perspektivy ee snizheniia.

In all the 1746 patients, who died from trauma, the multiple and associated injuries were revealed. Multiple wounds of a head and thoracicoabdominal trauma, shock, blood loss, combination of two and more severe injuries were the leading cause of death. The aid to the patients with polytrauma at all the stages of treatment should be given with maximal promptitude, admission to the multiprofile hospitals is expedient.

[Characteristics of higher nervous activity in patients after mild craniocerebral trauma]. / Osobennosti vysshei nervnoi deiatel'nosti u lits posle legkoi cherepno-mozgovoi travmy.

A three-four year dynamic study of 211 patients (age: 15-60 years) with a history of mild head injury revealed that the younger group of patients (from 20 to 30 years) showed within 3-4 years after the injury a more complete restoration of the higher nervous activity processes than patients of other age groups. In patients suffering of cerebrovascular diseases before mild head injury the dynamics of this restoration depended on the treatment carried out before the head injury.

[Clinico-morphologic characteristics of brain contusion in patients of various age groups]. / Kliniko-morfologicheskaia kharakteristika ushibov golovnogo mozga u bol'nykh razlichnykh vozrastnykh grupp.

Brain contusion in children becomes fatal only when the cerebrocranial trauma is very serious and coarse diffuse lesions occur in the whole brain. Foci of intracerebral hemorrhages are relatively rare in such cases. A special form of affection--diffuse involvement of the brain is often encountered in children and young persons. In patients of the older age groups a fatal outcome may occur not only in a severe but also in a relatively mild trauma; it is due to the trauma itself and also to secondary pathological reactions on the part of the cardiovascular and other systems of the organism. The contusion foci in elderly and old-aged individuals are characterized as a rule by extensive hemorrhages. The younger the patient, the more is the tendency towards manifestation of the regularities characteristic of the child organism, and, in contrast, the older the patient and the more pronounced the signs of premature advanced age, the higher is the frequency of complications and fatal outcomes in relatively mild cerebrocranial trauma.

[The electrocardiogram of patients with mild craniocerebral trauma]. / Elektrokardiogramma u bol'nykh s legkoi cherepno-mozgovoi travmoi.

The authors analyze 236 electrocardiograms in 1343 patients of young and middle age with mild head injuries. The Minnesota code was used in the analysis of the electrocardiograms. It was found that mild craniocerebral trauma causes diffuse changes in the cardiac muscle. The character and degree of these changes are not homogeneous. The dynamics of the number of coded signs and their ratios were used to evaluate the functional state of the vegetative nervous system.