Tumor inside an inguinoscrotal bladder hernia.

OBJECTIVE: To describe two cases of urothelial tumors in inguinoscrotal bladder hernias and comment on the low incidence of this condition. METHODS: Two patients were diagnosed and treated by partial cystectomy and hernia repair. RESULTS: The clinical outcome of both patients was good at two and three years, respectively, and neither patient experienced hernia or tumor recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Inguinal bladder hernias are relatively common. However, few reports of tumor in the herniated bladder have been published. Treatment consists of tumor removal, hernia repair and treatment of any associated urethroprostatic condition.

Tumor en hernia vesical inguinoescrotal / Tumor inside an inguinoscrotal bladder hernia

OBJETIVO: Mostramos dos casos de neoplasia urotelial en hernias vesicales inguinoescrotales y referimos su escasa incidencia.METODOS: Se describe el diagnóstico y tratamiento efectuado con cistectomía parcial y herniorrafia.RESULTADOS: Ambos pacientes al cabo de dos y tres años respectivamente han tenido buena evolución clínica, sin recidiva herniaria ni del tumor.CONCLUSIONES: Las hernias vesicales inguinales son relativamente frecuentes, pero los casos de tumor en la vejiga herniada son escasos en la literatura. El tratamiento persigue eliminar el tumor, reparar la hernia y tratar si existe la patología uretroprostática (AU)

OBJECTIVE: To describe two cases of urothelial tumors in inguinoscrotal bladder hernias and comment on the low incidence of this condition.METHODS: Two patients were diagnosed and treated by partial cystectomy and hernia repair.RESULTS: The clinical outcome of both patients was good at two and three years, respectively, and neither patient experienced hernia or tumor recurrence.CONCLUSIONS: Inguinal bladder hernias are relatively common. However, few reports of tumor in the herniated bladder have been published. Treatment consists of tumor removal, hernia repair and treatment of any associated urethroprostatic condition (AU)

[Spermatic cord sarcomas: current status and report of four cases]. / Sarcomas de cordón espermático: estado actual y presentación de cuatro casos clínicos.

OBJECTIVE: To study and review spermatic cord sarcomas, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. METHODS/RESULTS: We review the Spanish and international literature and report 4 new cases: 2 patients with well-differentiated spermatic cord liposarcomas (1 treated by simple tumorectomy), 1 patient with liposarcomatous degeneration of a previously excised atypical lipoma, and 1 patient operated for a malignant retroperitoneal fibrous histiocytoma with subsequent local recurrence in the paratesticular region. CONCLUSIONS: Spermatic cord sarcomas are rare entities that usually appear as painless paratesticular mass. They are diagnosed by imaging studies (ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance) and confirmed by histological examination. Spermatic cord sarcomas are treated surgically; the efficacy of adjuvant treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy is still under debate.

Sarcomas de cordón espermático estado actual y presentación de cuatro casos clínicos / Spermatic cord sarcomas: current status and report of four cases

OBJETIVO: Estudio y revisión de los sarcomas de cordón espermático, de la clínica, diagnóstico y tratamiento de dicha patología.MÉTODOS/ RESULTADOS: Se revisa la literatura nacional e internacional, aportando cuatro nuevos casos: dos liposarcomas de cordón espermático bien diferenciados, uno de ellos tratado mediante tumorectomía simple; un paciente con degeneración liposarcomatoide de un lipoma atípico previo resecado; y otro paciente intervenido de un fibrohistiocitoma maligno retroperitoneal con posterior recidiva local a nivel de la región paratesticular.CONCLUSIONES: Los sarcomas de cordón espermático son una entidad poco frecuente que habitualmente se manifiestan como una masa paratesticular indolente. Su diagnóstico se efectúa mediante métodos de imagen (ecografía, TAC, RNM) y se confirma mediante el estudio histológico. El tratamiento es quirúrgico, existiendo cierta controversia acerca de la eficacia de tratamientos adyuvantes como la quimioterapia o la radioterapia(AU)

OBJECTIVE: To study and review spermatic cord sarcomas, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treat-ment.METHODS/RESULTS: We review the Spanish and international literature and report 4 new cases: 2 patients with well-differentiated spermatic cord liposarcomas (1 treated by simple tumorectomy), 1 patient with liposarcomatous dege-neration of a previously excised atypical lipoma, and 1 pa-tient operated for a malignant retroperitoneal fibrous histio-cytoma with subsequent local recurrence in the paratesticular region.CONCLUSIONS: Spermatic cord sarcomas are rare entities that usually appear as painless paratesticular mass. They are diagnosed by imaging studies (ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance) and confirmed by histological examination. Spermatic cord sarcomas are treated surgically; the efficacy of adjuvant treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy is still under debate(AU)

[Retroorbital metastasis in the initial diagnosis of prostate cancer]. / Metástasis retroorbitaria en el diagnóstico inicial del cáncer de próstata.

OBJECTIVE: To describe one case of advanced prostate cancer first presenting with binocular diplopia due to retroorbital metastasis. METHODS: We present the case of a 54-year-old patient with the diagnosis of disseminated prostate cancer treated by complete androgen blockade. RESULTS: After the start of hormonal treatment, the patient initially improved although survival was limited. CONCLUSIONS: Orbital metastasis is an infrequent site for prostate cancer dissemination which implies a limited survival oscillating between 7,5-30 months. In our case survival was 10 months from diagnosis.

Metástasis retroorbitaria en el diagnóstico inicial del cáncer de próstata / Retroorbital metastasis in the initial diagnosis of prostate cancer

Objetivo: Describir un caso de cáncer prostático avanzado que debutó como primera manifestación clínica con una diplopia binocular por metástasis retroorbitaria. Métodos: Presentamos un paciente de 54 años que es diagnosticado de cáncer prostático diseminado tratado mediante bloqueo androgénico completo. Resultados: Tras la instauración del tratamiento hormonal el paciente mejoró inicialmente si bien la supervivencia fue limitada. Conclusiones: La metástasis orbitaria es una localización infrecuente dentro de la diseminación tumoral del cáncer de próstata que implica una supervivencia limitada que oscila entre 7,5-30 meses. En nuestro caso fue de 10 meses desde el diagnóstico (AU)

Objective: To describe one case of advanced prostate cancer first presenting with binocular diplopia due to retroorbital metastasis. Methods: We present the case of a 54-year-old patient with the diagnosis of disseminated prostate cancer treated by complete androgen blockade. Results: After the start of hormonal treatment, the patient initially improved although survival was limited. Conclusions: Orbital metastasis is an infrequent site for prostate cancer dissemination which implies a limited survival oscillating between 7,5-30 months. In our case survival was 10 months from diagnosis (AU)

Supervivencia en relación a los factores pronósticos en una serie de pacientes con carcinoma de células renales / Prognostic-factor-related survival in a series of patients with renal cell carcinoma

OBJETIVO: Analizar la supervivencia de una serie de pacientes diagnosticados de carcinoma de células renales durante un periodo de 19 años en base a los factores pronósticos utilizados habitualmente en la práctica clínica. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo sobre 259 pacientes diagnosticados de manera consecutiva durante los años 1988 a 2006 carcinoma de células renales, que fueron tratados quirúrgicamente en nuestro servicio. A partir de los datos clínicos y patológicos y de seguimiento se ha hecho un estudio de supervivencia comparando el impacto de los factores pronósticos habituales: estadio, tamaño tumoral, grado nuclear, etc. RESULTADOS: Se realizaron 264 cirugías a los 259 pacientes de la muestra que presentaron una edad media de 61,91 años. El diagnóstico se realizó más frecuentemente por hallazgo incidental (52,12% de los casos), practicándose un 72,97% de nefrectomías radicales frente a un 26,25% de parciales. El carcinoma de células claras fue el diagnóstico histológico más frecuente (69,88%). Presentaron peor supervivencia los pacientes con carcinoma de células claras, los tumores sintomáticos, con mayor tamaño y grado nuclear de Fuhrman. A mayor estadio tumoral el pronóstico fue peor, especialmente en los tumores con estadio superior a pT3a. La presencia de ganglios linfáticos afectados o metástasis a distancia presentan una supervivencia cáncer-específica mucho más baja. La de supervivencia cáncer-específica global a los 5 años fue superior al 80%. CONCLUSIÓN: Los factores pronósticos usados clásicamente para predecir la supervivencia del cáncer renal siguen siendo útiles, en especial el estadio patológico pT. Se observa una mejor supervivencia en comparación con series más antiguas, pero este tipo de tumores sigue generando una morbimortalidad importante (AU)

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the survival rate in a series of patients with the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma over a 19 year period based on prognostic factors usually employed in clinical practice. METHODS: Retrospective study of 259 consecutive patients with the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma undergoing surgery in our department between 1988 and 2006. From clinical, pathological, and follow-up data we performed a survival study comparing the impact of usual prognostic factors: stage, tumor size, nuclear grade, etc. RESULTS: 264 surgical procedures were performed in 259 patients, with a mean age of 61.91 yr. The most frequent way of diagnosis was incidental finding (52.12% of the cases); radical nephrectomy was performed in 72.97% of the cases in comparison with 26.25% partial nephrectomies. Clear cell carcinoma was the most frequent histological diagnosis (69.88%). Patients with clear cell carcinoma, symptomatic tumors, bigger size, and greater Fuhrman nuclear grade presented worse survivals, mainly in tumors with stage >pT3a. The presence of involved lymph nodes or distant metas- tases is associated with a much lower cancer-specific survival. Global five-year cancer-specific survival was over 80%. CONCLUSIONS: The classical prognostic factors used to predict survival in renal cancer are still useful, mainly pathological stage pT. We observed a better survival in comparison with older series, but this kind of tumors continue generating important morbidity-mortality (AU)

[Prognostic-factor-related survival in a series of patients with renal cell carcinoma]. / Supervivencia en relación a los factores pronósticos en una serie de pacientes con carcinoma de células renales.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the survival rate in a series of patients with the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma over a 19 year period based on prognostic factors usually employed in clinical practice. METHODS: Retrospective study of 259 consecutive patients with the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma undergoing surgery in our department between 1988 and 2006. From clinical, pathological, and follow-up data we performed a survival study comparing the impact of usual prognostic factors: stage, tumor size, nuclear grade, etc. RESULTS: 264 surgical procedures were performed in 259 patients, with a mean age of 6 1.91 yr. The most frequent way of diagnosis was incidental finding (52.12% of the cases); radical nephrectomy was performed in 72.97% of the cases in comparison with 26.25% partial nephrectomies. Clear cell carcinoma was the most frequent histological diagnosis (69.88%). Patients with clear cell carcinoma, symptomatic tumors, bigger size, and greater Fuhrman nuclear grade presented worse survivals, mainly in tumors with stage >pT3a. The presence of involved lymph nodes or distant metastases is associated with a much lower cancer-specific survival. Global five-year cancer-specific survival was over 80%. CONCLUSIONS: The classical prognostic factors used to predict survival in renal cancer are still useful, mainly pathological stage pT. We observed a better survival in comparison with older series, but this kind of tumors continue generating important morbidity-mortality.

[Bladder endometriosis. Report of two cases and bibliographic review, with special focus on Spanish articles]. / Endometriosis vesical. Revisión de la literatura, con especial referencia a la española y aportacion de dos nuevos casos.

OBJECTIVES: To study and review the etiopathogenic hypothesis for endometriosis and the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of bladder endometriosis. METHODS/RESULTS: We report two cases and review the international bibliography, collecting the cases published by Spanish authors. CONCLUSIONS: Bladder endometriosis is a rare pathological entity, but its diagnosis should be considered in fertile women with urinary tract symptoms during menstruation. Diagnosis is obtained by various imaging tests (ultrasound, CT scan, MRI), and is confirmed with cystoscopy and biopsy. The treatment may be surgical (TUR, partial cystectomy) and/or medical (hormonal).

Endometriosis vesical. Revisión de la literatura con especial referencia a la española y aportación de dos nuevos casos / Bladder endometriosis. Report of two cases and bibliographic review, with special focus on Spanish articles

OBJETIVO: Estudio y revisión de las hipótesisetiopatógenicas de la enfermedad endometriósica y de la clínica, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la endometriosisvesical.MÉTODOS/RESULTADOS: Se revisa la literatura internacional,se recogen los casos publicados por autores españoles y se aportan dos casos propios.CONCLUSIONES: La endometriosis vesical es una entidadpatológica poco frecuente, pero hay que pensar en su diagnóstico en mujeres en periodo fértil con síntomasurinarios coincidentes con la menstruación. Su diagnóstico se efectúa con diversos métodos de imagen (ecografía, TAC, RMN) y se confirma con cistoscopia y biopsia. El tratamiento es quirúrgico (RTU, cistectomía parcial) y médico (hormonal)

OBJECTIVES: To study and review the etiopathogenic hypothesis for endometriosis and the ;;clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of bladder ;;endometriosis. ;;METHODS/RESULTS: We report two cases and review the international bibliography, collecting the cases ;;published by Spanish authors. ;;CONCLUSIONS: Bladder endometriosis is a rare ;;pathological entity, but its diagnosis should be considered in fertile women with urinary tract symptoms during ;;menstruation. Diagnosis is obtained by various imaging tests (ultrasound, CT scan, MRI), and is confirmed with cystoscopy and biopsy. The treatment may be surgical (TUR, partial cystectomy) and/or medical (hormonal)