Desigualdades en inactividad física según el nivel de estudios en España, en 1987 y 2007 / Inequalities in physical inactivity according educational level in Spain, 1987 and 2007

OBJETIVO: Comparar la magnitud de las desigualdades en la frecuencia de inactividad física en España en 1987 y 2007. DISEÑO: Estudio descriptivo, diseño transversal, nivel nacional. Participantes: Datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de 1987 y 2007, población adulta de 25 a 64 años. Tamaño muestral 30.000 sujetos (1987) y 29.478 (2006/7). Mediciones principales: Variable principal de resultados, inactividad física en tiempo libre. Factor de exposición, nivel educativo. Análisis de prevalencias y asociación a través de odds ratio (OR). Ajuste por variables socioeconómicas: edad en decenios, estado civil, situación laboral, clase social del cabeza de familia e ingresos del hogar. RESULTADOS: Descenso de la prevalencia de inactividad física en tiempo libre en 2007 respecto a 1987, tanto en mujeres como hombres. Mayores descensos observados entre los sujetos con estudios universitarios. La magnitud de las desigualdades en salud ha aumentado con el tiempo. Así ocurrió por ejemplo con el grupo de varones de 45 a 64 años, con OR de 2,43 (1,91-3,09) en 1987, a OR de 2,77 (2,17-3,54) en 2007, ajustadas por todas las variables socioeconómicas), en el caso de sujetos con peor nivel de estudios. CONCLUSIONES: a prevalencia de inactividad física descendió entre 1987 y 2007, y los mayores descensos fueron en sujetos con estudios universitarios. La brecha de las diferencias en prevalencias y OR de inactividad física en tiempo libre, ha aumentado con el tiempo. Parece necesario contribuir, desde estrategias de Educación para la Salud y promoción de la equidad, a la reducción de las desigualdades en conductas de riesgo

OBJECTIVE: To compare the magnitude of inequalities in the frequency of physical inactivity in Spain in 1987 and 2007, and assess whether the magnitude of inequality varies depending on the wealth of the area of residence. DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional study, national scope. Participants: Data from the National Health Survey, 1987 and 2007, adult population between 25-64 years: 30,000 individuals (1987) and 29,478 (2006/7). Main measurements: Main outcomes variable, leisure-time physical inactivity; exposure factor, educational level. An analysis was made of the prevalence and association using odds ratio (OR). Adjustment for socioeconomic variables: age, marital status, employment status, social class of head of household, and household income. RESULTS: Physical inactivity prevalence decreased in the two decades. There were more than three times more inactive males among those with primary education or less, compared to those with university studies. The magnitude of inequalities has increased in time: in a 45-64 years old man with primary school education: OR 2.43 (1.91-3.09) in 1987, to OR 2.77 (2.17-3.54) in 2007, adjusted for all socioeconomic variables. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of physical inactivity decreased between 1987 and 2007, and the largest decreases were in individuals with university studies. The gap in the differences in prevalence and OR of leisure-time physical inactivity has increased over time. It's necessary to contribute, with health education strategies and equity promotion are needed to help reduce the inequalities in risk behaviors

[Inequalities in physical inactivity according educational level in Spain, 1987 and 2007]. / Desigualdades en inactividad física según el nivel de estudios en España, en 1987 y 2007.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the magnitude of inequalities in the frequency of physical inactivity in Spain in 1987 and 2007, and assess whether the magnitude of inequality varies depending on the wealth of the area of residence. DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional study, national scope. PARTICIPANTS: Data from the National Health Survey, 1987 and 2007, adult population between 25-64 years: 30,000 individuals (1987) and 29,478 (2006/7). MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Main outcomes variable, leisure-time physical inactivity; exposure factor, educational level. An analysis was made of the prevalence and association using odds ratio (OR). Adjustment for socioeconomic variables: age, marital status, employment status, social class of head of household, and household income. RESULTS: Physical inactivity prevalence decreased in the two decades. There were more than three times more inactive males among those with primary education or less, compared to those with university studies. The magnitude of inequalities has increased in time: in a 45-64 years old man with primary school education: OR 2.43 (1.91-3.09) in 1987, to OR 2.77 (2.17-3.54) in 2007, adjusted for all socioeconomic variables. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of physical inactivity decreased between 1987 and 2007, and the largest decreases were in individuals with university studies. The gap in the differences in prevalence and OR of leisure-time physical inactivity has increased over time. It's necessary to contribute, with health education strategies and equity promotion are needed to help reduce the inequalities in risk behaviors.