[Effect of various antibiotics on the circulation of proteins between the blood and lymph in macro-organisms]. / Vliianie nekotorykh antibiotikov na tsirkuliatsiiu belkov mezhdu krov'iu i limfoi v makroorganizme.

The effect of tetracycline, amphotericin B and kefzol on distribution of some proteins between the blood and lymph of the thoracic duct was studied on rabbits. Tetracycline was injected intramuscularly in the form of hydrochloride dissolved in 2% novocain in a dose of 25 mg/kg once or daily for 7 and 20 days. Kefzol (sodium cephazolin) was injected intramuscularly in a single dose of 100 mg/kg. Amphotericin B was injected intravenously in a dose of 1000 Units/kg once or for 5 days. The lymph samples were collected from the thoracic duct of rabbits treated with single doses of the antibiotics 1 and 24 hours after their injection. When the animals were treated with the antibiotics repeatedly the lymph samples were collected 24 hours after the last injection. The level of the total protein and the ratio of the protein fractions, i. e. albumins, alpha 1-, alpha 2-, beta- and gamma-globulins in the lymph and blood serum were determined. On the basis of these findings the protein coefficient (albumin/globulin) of the lymph and blood, the coefficients of the protein permeability of the blood vessels (R) and the constants of selective permeability of the blood capillaries (S) were calculated. It was shown that the shifts in the protein circulation between the blood and lymph had mainly the same trends independent of the antibiotics used and their retention time in the host. A significant decrease in the permeability of the blood vessel walls in respect to the total protein and gamma-globulins and a marked increase in their selectivity in passing of the protein molecules of different size were observed in all cases.

[Experimental study of the dynamics of the biochemical indices of the lymph after kefzol and amphotericin B administration]. / Eksperimental'noe izuchenie dinamiki nekotorykh biokhimicheskikh pokazatelei limfy pri vvedenii kefzola i amfoteritsina B.

Antibiotics belonging to different groups i. e. amphotericin B of the neoaromatic group of heptaene antibiotics and kefzol, a cephalosporin antibiotic were studied with respect to their effect on some biochemical indices of the lymph and blood serum of experimental animals. Amphotericin B was administered intravenously in a dose of 1000 unit/kg once or daily for 5 days. Kefzol (sodium cephazoline) was administered intramuscularly in a single dose of 100 mg/kg. When the antibiotics were used in single doses, the lymph samples were collected from the thoracic duct 1 and 24 hours after the administration. On the repeated use of the antibiotic the samples were collected 24 hours after the last injection. The following biochemical indices were determined: the level of total protein, the ratio of the protein fractions (albumins, alpha 1-, alpha 2, beta- and gamma-globulins), the contents of urea, urea nitrogen, residual nitrogen, total, free and bound cholesterol. The esterification and albumin-globulin coefficients were estimated. The study revealed an analogy in the character of the changes in the above indices of the lymph and blood serum of the rabbits. However, there were also less pronounced changes in the above indices of the blood serum as compared to those in the lymph of the same animals.

[Experimental effect of the polysaccharide mannan on lymph and blood serum biochemical indices]. / Vliianie polisakharida mannana na nekotorye biokhimicheskie pokazateli limfy i syvorotki krovi v éksperimente.

The effect of mannan, a polysaccharide of the microbial origin on the content of protein fractions, total protein, glucose, cholesterol (total, free and bound), urea, urea nitrogen and residual nitrogen in the lymph and serum of blood was studied on rabbits. Mannan was administered intramuscularly in the form of a 0.06 per cent solution in single doses of 0.06-6 mg/kg and repeatedly in doses of 0.60-3 mg/kg for 3-49 days. The lymph specimens were collected from the thoracic duct 1 and 24 hours after mannan administration. The study showed that in any dose administered once mannan induced an increase in the content of upsilon-globulin in the lymph and no increase in the blood serum, characterized by changes in the ratio of the other protein fractions. No other changes in the biochemical indices of the blood lymph and serum in the experimental animals were noted. When used repeatedly mannan had no effect on the content of protein fractions in the blood lymph and serum. the study on changes in the biochemical indices of the lymph provided additional data on the character of the mannan effect in the host.

[Experimental effect of tetracycline on the protein makeup of the lymph and blood serum]. / Vliianie tetratsiklina na belkovyi sostav limfy i syvorotki krovi v éksperimente.

The effect of tetracycline hydrochloride on the levels of total protein and separate protein fractions, such as albumins and alpha 1-, alpha 2-, beta- and gamma-globulins in the lymph and blood serum of rabbits was studied. The antibiotic was administered intramuscularly in a single dose of 25 mg/kg or repeatedly for 7 and 20 days. The lymph was collected from the thoracic duct 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 and 24 hours after the antibiotic administration in a single dose. When the antibiotic was used repeatedly, the lymph was collected 24 hours after the last injection. The levels of the total protein were determined colorimetrically and those of the protein fractions were determined turbidimetrically. The results indicated that under the experimental conditions tetracycline induced a marked decrease in the contents of both the total protein and the protein fractions in the lymph and blood serum of the animals. This phenomenon was observed in all periods. Comparative analysis of the data on the lymph and blood serum specimens collected from the same experimental animal revealed a difference in the albumin-globulin ratio, which was higher in the lymph and lower in the blood serum compared to that in the intact animals. This is indicative of the tetracycline capacity for decreasing mainly the levels of the globulin fraction in the lymph and the albumin fraction in the blood serum. The decrease in the level of the gamma-globulin fraction in the lymph and blood serum may be attributed to inhibition of the immune system function due to antibiotic therapy. Since maintenance of the albumin level is one of the liver important functions, the changes in the protein composition of the lymph provide an additional information on the effect of tetracycline on this function of the liver.

[Mechanism of action of tetracycline on the functional state of the adrenal cortex]. / O mekhanizme deistviia tetratsiklina na funktsional'noe sostoianie kory nadpochechnikov

The mechanism of stimulation of the adrenal cortex function by tetracycline was studied on albino rats. It was shown that tetracycline administered orally in a dose of 200 mg/kg regularly induced an increase in the corticosterone levels in the peripheral blood of the animals by the 15th day of the antibiotic use. It was shown on the animals with an experimentally suppressed function of the hypophysis by prolonged administration of hydrocortisone acetate that tetracycline primarily stimulated the hypophysis function resulting in production and excretion of increased amounts of the adrenocorticotropic hormone into the blood. The hormone increased the production of corticosterone in the adrenal glands which resulted in its higher levels in the peripheral blood.

[Functional state of the adrenal cortex in the antibiotic therapy of experimental staphylococcal infection]. / Funktsional'noe sostoianie kory nadpochechnikov pri antibiotikoterapii éksperimental'noi stafilokokkovoi infektsii

The functional state of the cortex in experimental animals before and after treatment with tetracycline was studied under conditions of prolonged infection caused by intravenous administration of Staph. aureus. Three staphylococcal strains were used in the study: sensitive, low sensitive and resistant to tetracycline. It was shown that development of the infection in the animals was accompanied by a decrease in the cortex function. Oral administration of tetracycline in a dose of 200 mg/kg resulted in normalization of the glucocorticoid function of the gland after 15 days of its use. Since the same phenomenon was observed when the animals were infected with the antibiotic resistant strains of staphylococci, it was supposed that the therapeutic effect of tetracycline was defined by both the antibacterial action and capacity for increasing the protective-adaptive reactions of the host by stimulation of the cortex function.

[Functional state of the adrenal cortex in experimental animals administered leyorin and its sodium salt perorally]. / Funktsional'noe sostoianie kory nadpochechnikov éksperimental'nykh zhivotnykh pri peroral'nom vvedenii levorina i ego natrievoi soli

The effect of oral levorin and its sodium salt on the function of the adrenal cortex was studied experimentally on albino rats. The functional activity of the adrenal cortex was tested by the content of corticosterone in the peripheral blood determined fluorometrically. The results showed that levorin in a dose of 300 000 Unit/kg and its sodium salt in doses of 300 000 and 1 200 000 Units/kg used orally induced at definite periods of their administration a decrease in the corticosterone blood levels. At the same time a decrease in the weight coefficients of the thymus and prostate was observed.