[Ultrasonic diagnosis of radiation injuries of the urinary system]. / Ul'trazvukovaia diagnostika luchevykh povrezhdenii mochevyvodiashchei sistemy.

The paper is concerned with the results of ultrasound investigation of the kidneys and bladder in 78 patients with radiation injuries of pelvic tissues and organs. Comparison of the results of USI, isotope renography and excretory urography has shown that with an increase in the gravity of injury of the urinary system, the frequency of ultrasound findings rises from 60.8% in renal dysfunction of a mean gravity up to 91.2% in severe disorders. Echography data on the presence of hydronephrosis, pyelocaliectasis, a granular kidney, pyelonephritis, and nephroptosis usually coincided with the results of excretory urography in these patients. A combined use of echography and renography permits obtaining in most cases necessary data on structural and functional disorders of the urinary tracts. Echographic semiotics of radiation cystitis was studied in detail versus cystoscopy data. The informative value of ultrasound scanning of the bladder was observed in patients with radiation cystitis.

[Late radiation injuries of the urinary tract]. / Pozdnie luchevye povrezhdeniia mochevyvodiashchikh putei.

A total of 400 patients with radiation injuries of the organs of the small pelvis were examined. Urinary dysfunction was found in 115 of them. Radionuclide renography with 131I-hippurane, excretory urography and ultrasound scanning were employed for their investigation. The principal cause of urinary dysfunction was the development of intrapelvic radiation fibrosis with ureteral compression and direct radiation injury of the ureter.

[Indications for lymphography in bladder cancer]. / Pokazaniia k limfografii pri rake mochevogo puzyria.

Proceeding from an analysis of the clinical and x-ray findings on 333 bladder cancer patients the frequency of lymphogenic metastatic spread was determined with relation to a degree of local extent of disease: T1 and T2--no metastases; T3a--metastases in 11.5%; T3b--in 30.3%; T4a--in 36.4%; T4b--in 50% of the cases. Metastases were mainly detected in the external inguinal lymph nodes. The lumbar lymph node involvement was always combined with tumorous changes in the pelvic lymphatic plexuses. Indications to lymphography with relation to a primary tumor spread (T3a, T3b and T4a) were defined. The authors determined the role of x-ray monitoring and repeated lymphography for the detection of metastases and a study of their regression caused by therapeutic measures.