RESUMO
The receptor specificity (RS) of pandemic influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus strains deposited into the State Collection of Viruses of the Russian Federation, D. I. Ivanovsky Research Institute of Virology, Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia, in the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 epidemic seasons to a panel of 9 sialoglycopolymers (SGP). The strains were divided into 3 groups according to the W(3/6) index proposed by the authors, which was equal to the amount of reactivities to unbranched alpha2-3-SGP to that of reactivities to unbranched alphal-6-SGP: W(3/6) < or = 1.0; 1.0 < W(3/6) < or = 1.5. The W(3/6) < or = 1.5 group showed a predominance of a2-3-RS, attended by the high incidence of fatal primary viral pneumonias (FPVP) (60.0%) and amino acid replacements in the HA1 receptor-binding site (RBS) (80.0%): D222{G, N} and Q223R. The 1.0 < W(3/6) < or = 1.5 group was characterized by mixed alpha2-3/alpha2-6-RS with the incidence of FPVP (29.7%) and amino acid replacements in the HA1 RBS (40.5%) (D222{G, N, V} and Q223), respectively. In the W(3/6) < or = 1.0 group, alpha2-6-RS was prevalent, FPVPs were absent and amino acid replacements in HA1 RBS (D222{G, E}) were seen only in 6.0% of cases. The number of strains with increased specificity to alpha2-3-sialosides increased in the 2010-2011 epidemic season as compared to the previous season. With their further spread among the population, there may be a rise in cases of severe primary viral pneumonias with possible fatal outcomes, which can be, however, accompanied by a decrease in the capacity of mutants to air-dropwise transmission.
Assuntos
Hemaglutininas/genética , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/metabolismo , Influenza Humana/mortalidade , Pneumonia Viral/mortalidade , Receptores Virais/química , Proteínas Virais/genética , Substituição de Aminoácidos , Sítios de Ligação , Hemaglutininas/metabolismo , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/genética , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/patogenicidade , Influenza Humana/complicações , Influenza Humana/transmissão , Influenza Humana/virologia , Mimetismo Molecular , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/etiologia , Pneumonia Viral/transmissão , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/metabolismo , Probabilidade , Receptores Virais/genética , Receptores Virais/metabolismo , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Sialoglicoproteínas/química , Sialoglicoproteínas/metabolismo , Análise de Sobrevida , Proteínas Virais/metabolismoRESUMO
Analysis of taxonomic structure of Orthomyxoviridae was undertaken in view of its anticipated evolution. Four concepts of circulation of influenza A viruses in the biosphere are discussed, viz. anthrponose, zooanthroponose, metastrongilose, and protozoan. All of them may be considered in the framework of the general zooantroponose concept. Influenza B and C viruses can not be regarded as strictly anthroponose. Comparative molecular-genetic analysis of the genus Thogotovirus provides a basis for the designation of Thogoto and Batken-Dhori as independent geni. It is speculated that t he proof of transmission of Isaviruses by copepods Caligus elongates and Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Crustacea: Copepoda) may open up a new line of developments in arborvirology since crustacean vectors of viruses have never been described before.
Assuntos
Classificação/métodos , Genoma Viral , Isavirus , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/virologia , Orthomyxoviridae , Infecções por Togaviridae/virologia , Animais , Aves/virologia , Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Reservatórios de Doenças/virologia , Vetores de Doenças , Ecossistema , Vetores Genéticos , Humanos , Isavirus/classificação , Isavirus/genética , Isavirus/patogenicidade , Orthomyxoviridae/classificação , Orthomyxoviridae/genética , Orthomyxoviridae/patogenicidade , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/transmissão , Filogenia , Filogeografia/tendências , Salmão/virologia , Infecções por Togaviridae/transmissão , Virologia/tendências , Zoonoses/transmissão , Zoonoses/virologiaRESUMO
Analysis of the experience gained during the last pandemic of 'swine' influenza A (H1N1) sw1 is presented with reference to clinical studies and etiotropic therapy. The mechanism of development of severe pneumonia as a result of mutations at the binding site of hemagglutinin receptor enhancing a2'-3'-sialoside specificity and pneumotropism of the virus is described. The data on the efficiency of Ingavirin, a new Russian antiviral for the treatment of influenza, are reported.
