The (in)visible health risks of climate change.

This paper scrutinizes the assertion that knowledge gaps concerning health risks from climate change are unjust, and must be addressed, because they hinder evidence-led interventions to protect vulnerable populations. First, we construct a taxonomy of six inter-related forms of invisibility (social marginalization, forced invisibility by migrants, spatial marginalization, neglected diseases, mental health, uneven climatic monitoring and forecasting) which underlie systematic biases in current understanding of these risks in Latin America, and advocate an approach to climate-health research that draws on intersectionality theory to address these inter-relations. We propose that these invisibilities should be understood as outcomes of structural imbalances in power and resources rather than as haphazard blindspots in scientific and state knowledge. Our thesis, drawing on theories of governmentality, is that context-dependent tensions condition whether or not benefits of making vulnerable populations legible to the state outweigh costs. To be seen is to be politically counted and eligible for rights, yet evidence demonstrates the perils of visibility to disempowered people. For example, flood-relief efforts in remote Amazonia expose marginalized urban river-dwellers to the traumatic prospect of forced relocation and social and economic upheaval. Finally, drawing on research on citizenship in post-colonial settings, we conceptualize climate change as an 'open moment' of political rupture, and propose strategies of social accountability, empowerment and trans-disciplinary research which encourage the marginalized to reach out for greater power. These achievements could reduce drawbacks of state legibility and facilitate socially-just governmental action on climate change adaptation that promotes health for all.

Lateralização do nervo dentário inferior para reabilitação com implantes osseointegrados: descrição da técnica e relato de um caso clínico / Lateralization of inferior alveolar nerve to rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants: technique description and an clinical case report

Após a perda dos elementos dentários, há uma atrofia da crista alveolar da mandíbula, resultando em muitos casos numa estrutura óssea insuficiente para a colocação de implantes com comprimento adequado. Com a lateralização de nervo dentário inferior, tal inconveniente pode ser superado usando toda a altura do corpo mandibular, possibilitando a colocação de implantes longos, o que aumenta as chances de sucesso no tratamento e na reabilitação oral. O presente trabalho tem como propósito discutir a técnica de lateralização do feixe vásculo-nervoso do dentário inferior, apresentando um caso clínico bilateral com procedimentos diferente entre o lado direito e esquerdo e avaliação dos resultados

After the lost of the dental elements there is na atrophy of the jaw alveolar crest, resulting in many cases of an insufficient bone structure to implant placements in ideal sizes. With the inferior alveolar nerve transposition such inconvenient can be avoid, making the long implant placement possible and using all the high of the bone structure, increasing the chances of success in the treatment and in the oral rehabilitation. The present job has the purpose to discuss the technique of lateralization of the mandibular inferior nerve, and presents one clinical case bilateral with different procedures between the sides and avaliation of results