Clinical validation of the ineffective social support network nursing diagnosis in violence-victimized women.

PURPOSE: To verify clinical validity evidence for the ineffective social support network nursing diagnosis. METHOD: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed with 98 violence-victimized women treated in two reference centers for violence in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The women were interviewed from August 2021 to June 2022. FINDINGS: The clinical indicators that best predicted the nursing diagnosis were as follows: Frustration with unmet support expectations, negative social interaction, perceived neglect of support demands, feeling of abandonment, low reciprocity, and encouragement of negative behaviors. Etiological factors that showed greater association were excessive demand for support, limited social network, social isolation, the fragility of institutional service networked organizations, and inadequate appreciation of available social support. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical validity evidence for the ineffective social support network nursing diagnosis has been verified. Thus, the validated clinical indicators and etiological factors can accurately diagnose and predict the emergence of this phenomenon in violence-victimized women. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The results contribute to advancing scientific knowledge in nursing teaching, research, and practice and support the nursing process in violence-victimized women.

OBJETIVO: Verificar evidências de validade clínica para o diagnóstico de enfermagem Rede de Apoio Social Ineficaz. MÉTODO: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal realizado com 98 mulheres vítimas de violência atendidas em dois centros de referência em violência na cidade do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. As mulheres foram entrevistadas no período de agosto de 2021 a junho de 2022. RESULTADOS: Os indicadores clínicos que melhor predisseram o diagnóstico de enfermagem foram: Frustração com Expectativas de Apoio Não Atendidas, Interação Social Negativa, Negligência Percebida nas Demandas de Apoio, Sentimento de Abandono, Baixa Reciprocidade e Incentivo a Comportamentos Negativos. Os fatores etiológicos que apresentaram maior associação foram Demanda Excessiva de Apoio, Rede Social Limitada, Isolamento Social, Fragilidade das Organizações em Rede de Serviços Institucionais e Valorização Inadequada do Apoio Social Disponível. CONCLUSÕES: Foram verificadas evidências de validade clínica para o diagnóstico de enfermagem Rede de Apoio Social Ineficaz. Assim, os indicadores clínicos e fatores etiológicos validados têm a capacidade de diagnosticar e prever com precisão o surgimento deste fenômeno em mulheres vítimas de violência. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA DE ENFERMAGEM: A validação clínica do diagnóstico fundamenta as intervenções de enfermagem direcionadas às mulheres vítimas de violência e à sua rede de apoio social. PALAVRAS­CHAVE: Apoio social; Educação saudável; diagnóstico de enfermagem; rede social; violência contra as mulheres.

Clinical validation of the nursing diagnosis risk for disturbed maternal-fetal dyad in high-risk pregnancy: A case-control study.

PURPOSE: To obtain evidence of the clinical validity of the nursing diagnosis (ND) risk for disturbed maternal-fetal dyad in high-risk pregnancy. METHOD: Causal validation of the ND through a case-control study performed in a university hospital with 155 high-risk pregnant women: 31 cases and 124 controls. A causal association was found between the ND etiological factors and the occurrence of disruption of the symbiotic maternal-fetal dyad; an association was verified when the etiological factor presented a p-value <0.05 and odds ratio >1. FINDINGS: The risk factor absent-inadequate prenatal care; populations at risk, such as young-advanced maternal age and economically disadvantaged pregnant women; and association conditions, such as maternal conditions and compromised fetal oxygen transport, increased the outcome likelihood. The associated condition maternal illnesses appeared as a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence of clinical validity of the ND risk for disturbed maternal-fetal dyad was obtained, and an association between etiological factors and disruption of the symbiotic maternal-fetal dyad was found. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The results contribute to advance scientific knowledge in nursing teaching, research, and practice and support the nursing process in high-risk pregnancies.

Building a place for the father as an ally for breast feeding.

OBJECTIVE: to analyse the opinions of men and women on the father's participation in breast feeding. DESIGN: a qualitative and exploratory study, using the content analysis method, on its thematic modality. Data were collected at discussion groups that answered the following questions: which meanings and feelings are related to father's involvement in breast feeding? Which factors help or obstruct the act of breast feeding? How do fathers participate in breast feeding? SETTING: three discussion groups took place during the event 'The man as an ally in breast feeding process: is that the question?', supported by the Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: 11 men and nine women attended the event. Of the men, two had more than one child and five had babies who were being breast fed. Among the women, all were mothers and three were breast feeding. FINDINGS: four thematic nuclei emerged from the performed analysis, which was also based in the historical, social and cultural process of fatherhood: involvement in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle; feelings and meanings of breast feeding; meanings of breast feeding in public; and ways to include father in the breast-feeding process. KEY CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: fathers participating in breast feeding considered it to be a brief period in the process of fatherhood. Behaviours of ambivalence, conflict, exclusion, insecurity and concern towards breast feeding were revealed. There was a perception of the nursing mother as a sexless being. However, the participants also suggested ways of including fathers in the process of breast feeding. According to the participants, they could (1) provide a favourable environment for the mother and baby; (2) participate more during pregnancy and birth; (3) help with domestic chores; (4) develop parenthood; and (5) be present during breast feeding. These suggestions may function as foundations for health staff to develop programmes, in order to involve fathers in breast feeding. This could result in a contribution to improve the practice and duration of that process.

The participation of fathers in the breastfeeding process: experiences, knowledge, behaviors and emotions.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the experiences, knowledge, behaviors and emotions of fathers with relation to the process of breastfeeding. METHODS: This is a descriptive, explorative and qualitative study involving 17 couples resident in a favela in the city of Recife, PE, in the Northeast of Brazil, whose most recent child was aged between 6 and 8 months. A semi-structured interview employing leading questions was used for data collection. These data were analyzed in the light of theoretical references, the historical, social and cultural construction of fatherhood, by means of thematic content analysis. RESULTS: Four themes emerged from this analysis: faint/ambiguous memories of breastfeeding during childhood; knowledge about breastfeeding is focused on the child's health, mother's responsibility and savings for father; breastfeeding-related behavior of father during his participation in the pregnancy-child care cycle; and interconnected feelings of fragility when breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge and emotions involved in fathers' participation in breastfeeding are the products of socialization of both men and women, centered on the biological body and reinforcing the belief that breastfeeding is the preserve of women.

Participação do pai no processo da amamentação: vivências, conhecimentos, comportamentos e sentimentos / The participation of fathers in the breastfeeding process: experiences, knowledge, behaviors and emotions

OBJETIVO: Identificar vivências, conhecimentos, comportamentos e sentimentos do pai no processo da amamentação. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório e qualitativo, realizado com 17 casais moradores de uma favela da cidade de Recife (PE), Nordeste do Brasil, em relação ao aleitamento materno do último filho, com idade entre 6 e 8 meses. A entrevista semi-estruturada, conduzida por questões norteadoras, foi utilizada para coletar as informações. Estas foram investigadas à luz do referencial teórico, da construção histórica, social e cultural da paternidade, através da análise de conteúdo, na modalidade temática. RESULTADOS: Desta análise, emergiram quatro temas: recordações ambíguas/esmaecidas sobre amamentação durante a infância; conhecimento sobre amamentação centrado na saúde da criança, responsabilidade da mulher e economia para o pai; comportamentos apresentados pelo pai durante a sua participação no ciclo grávido-puerperal direcionados à amamentação; e sentimentos entrelaçados de fragilidades ao amamentar. CONCLUSÕES: Os conhecimentos e sentimentos presentes na participação do pai na amamentação são produtos da socialização do homem/mulher, centrada no corpo biológico, reforçando que o amamentar pertence apenas à mulher.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the experiences, knowledge, behaviors and emotions of fathers with relation to the process of breastfeeding. METHODS: This is a descriptive, explorative and qualitative study involving 17 couples resident in a favela in the city of Recife, PE, in the Northeast of Brazil, whose most recent child was aged between 6 and 8 months. A semi-structured interview employing leading questions was used for data collection. These data were analyzed in the light of theoretical references, the historical, social and cultural construction of fatherhood, by means of thematic content analysis. RESULTS: Four themes emerged from this analysis: faint/ambiguous memories of breastfeeding during childhood; knowledge about breastfeeding is focused on the child's health, mother's responsibility and savings for father; breastfeeding-related behavior of father during his participation in the pregnancy-childcare cycle; and interconnected feelings of fragility when breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge and emotions involved in fathers' participation in breastfeeding are the products of socialization of both men and women, centered on the biological body and reinforcing the belief that breastfeeding is the preserve of women.