Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient with End-Stage Renal Disease.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical and neuroimaging syndrome that can affect both children and adults and has variable etiology. It is clinically defined by headaches, consciousness disorders, seizures and visual disturbances. Early recognition (clinical and imaging) can lead to appropriate general measures to correct the underlying cause of PRES. In this paper, we report a case of PRES in an eight-year-old boy with bilateral renal hypoplasia and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

The Characteristics of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Cutaneous Melanoma and the Particularities for Elderly Patients-Experience of a Single Clinic.

BACKGROUND: Melanoma is a malignant tumor that determines approximately 80% of deaths as skin cancer-related. The sentinel lymph node (SLN) represents the first filter of tumor cells toward systemic dissemination. The primary objective was to outline the surgical specifics of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) technique, correlate the location of the lymph node with the radiotracer load, and identify the characteristics of older patients. METHODS: In this prospective study, 122 cases of malignant melanoma needing SLNB technique were included, between June 2019 and November 2022, resulting in 162 lymph nodes removed. RESULTS: Patients' mean age was 54.3 ± 14.4 years old, the prevalence of 70 years and older being 20.5%. The rate of positive SLN was 24.6%, with a single drainage in 68.9% of cases. The frequency of seroma was 14.8%, while reintervention 1.6%. The inguinal nodes had the highest preoperative radiotracer load (p = 0.015). Patients 70 years old or older had significantly more advanced-stage melanoma (68.0% vs. 45.4%, p = 0.044, OR = 2.56) and a higher rate of positive SLN (40.0% vs. 20.6%, p = 0.045,OR = 2.57). Melanoma of the head and neck was more common among older individuals (32.0% vs. 9.3%, p = 0.007,OR = 4.60). CONCLUSIONS: The SLNB has a low rate of surgical complications and the positivity of SLN is not related to radiotracer load. Elderly patients are at risk for head and neck melanoma, have more advanced stages, a higher SLN positivity, and a greater rate of surgical complications.

Correlation Between Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome and Atopy in Children - Short Review.

The idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is a common chronic kidney diseases in children defined by the association of massive proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia in a relapsing/remission course, with histological aspect of minimal changes (also called minimal change disease) in the majority of the cases, but its pathogenesis remains not very well known. Clinical and immunological studies have consistently shown a relationship between atopic diathesis, immunoglobulin E and cytokines involved in immunoglobulin E synthesis and idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Additional research is necessary to clarify this relationship and to explore the contribution of allergic disease to the development of nephrotic syndrome and to identify potential new strategies of diagnosis and treatment.