[Peculiarities in the effect of tofisopam and valerian extract on short-term memory and anxiety states in healthy humans]. / Nekotorye osobennosti vliianiia Tofizopama i ékstrakta valeriany na pamiat' i trevozhnost' u cheloveka

Repeated administration of the anxiolytic tofisopam (grandaxin) reduced anxiety and improved both visual and verbal short-term memory in young male and female humans. The expression of these effects depends on the daytime (morning versus evening) and on the sex of volunteers. Valerian extract did not produce significant effect on the anxiety states and short-time memory.

[Effect of eleutherococcus on short-term memory and visual perception in healthy humans]. / Vliianie éleuterokokka na kratkovremennuiu pamiat' i zritel'noe vospriiatie zdorovykh liudei.

Acute administration of a liquid eleutherococcus extract significantly improves short-term memory in healthy humans. The expression of this action depends on the daytime and psychophysiological peculiarities of the volunteers. Administration of the preparation also changes light perception by increasing retinal sensitivity. This effect was more pronounced in humans with weak type of high nervous activity in evening hours.

[Factors affecting the ability of caffeine to improve the short-term memory in man]. / Faktory, vliiaiushchie na sposobnost' kofeina uluchshat' kratkovremennuiu pamiat' u cheloveka.

Caffeine is known to improve both visual and aural memory in healthy humans. This caffeine effect correlates with the mental work capacity and depends on a number of variable factors. In particular, the effect is more pronounced in the evening and in females.

[The effect of the blinding of rats on the dynamics of short-period rhythmic processes with removal of the epiphysis]. / Vliianie oslepleniia krys na dinamiku korotkoperiodnykh ritmicheskikh protsessov pri udalenii épifiza.

Epiphysisectomy was shown to increase depression in swimming rats, whereas epiphysisectomy combined with blending decreased it. Epiphysisectomy alone affected the minute rhythms of haloperidol catalepsy while the combined action was less obvious.

[Epiphyseal interrelations with the striatum in the haloperidol-induced catalepsy model]. / O vzaimootnosheniiakh épifiza so striatumom na modeli galoperidolovoi katalepsii.

Removal of the rat pineal gland entailed an attenuation of haloperidol-induced catalepsy and readjustment of its time-course. This may depend on either direct of indirect effects of the pineal factors, mostly in the ventral portion of the striatum whose hyperactivity determines the main parameters of the neuroleptic effect.

[The characteristics of the minute fluctuations in haloperidol-induced catalepsy and the contribution of different sections of the striatum to their formation in rats]. / Osobennosti minutnykh kolebanii galoperidolovoi katalepsii i vklad raznykh otdelov striatuma v ikh formirovanie u krys.

After constant recording of haloperidol catalepsy in rats a rhythmic structure with waves of minute range was observed. On the basis of individual pharmacological sensitivity all rats may be divided in animals with strong rhythmic fluctuations but rapid tolerance (hyperkinetic type) and with weak rhythmicity but delayed adaptation to haloperidol (hypokinetic type). Oscillatory pattern of catalepsy increased after bilateral lesions of dorsal striatum and decreased after ventral striatectomy. As suggested, ventral striatum has a rhythmogenic function which conditions a more easy neuroleptic tolerance.

[The influence of melatonin, epiphysectomy and anaprilin on the cataleptogenic effect of haloperidol and its time dynamics]. / Vliianie melatonina, épifizéktomii i anaprilina na kateleptogennyi éffekt galoperidola i ego vremennúiu dinamiku.

The acute administration of the pineal hormone melatonin (1 mg/kg) to rats was shown to increase, and the chronic use to decrease intensity of haloperidol-induced catalepsy with the reorganization of the rhythmic pattern of the neuroleptic effect. The direct opposite shifts were observed after pinealectomy or propranolol chronic administration (1 mg/kg). It is suggested that owing to its own adaptive properties the pineal gland can participate in the formation of drug tolerance.

[Effect of destruction of the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei on the dynamics of swimming and haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats]. / Vliianie razrusheniia suprakhiazmaticheskikh iader gipotalamusa na dinamiku plavaniia i galoperidolovoi katalepsii u krys.

After bilateral destruction of suprachiasmatic nuclei, with adjacent hypothalamic structures remaining intact, the number of rest-activity cycles during forced swimming as well as short waves with 2-4-min periodicity in haloperidol catalepsy, were increased in rats. The circadian rhythm became disorganized. Suprachiasmatic nuclei seem to be able to delay and synchronize the fluctuations with short periods in motor activity.

[Changes in the rhythmic structure of haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats after striatectomy]. / Izmenenie ritmicheskoi struktury galoperidolovoi katalepsii u krys pri striatéktomii.

Limited bilateral destructions of the ventral portions of the rat striata result in a breakdown of the temporary structure of haloperidol-induced catalepsy. A clear-cut decrease of the power of fluctuations with a 5-7-minute period should be recognized as a specific indicator of striatal deficit.

[Minute rhythms of haloperidol catalepsy in rats]. / Minutnye ritmy galoperidolovoi katalepsii u krys.

Haloperidol-induced (0.25-1.0 mg/kg) catalepsy in rats is characterized by rhythmic time fluctuations. Marked catalepsy was accompanied by slow regular waves at 2-4 and 5-7 min period. Natural or L-dopa-induced inhibition of the process involves the phase of irregular and frequent fluctuations. The study of time fluctuations of the muscular tone are believed important for predicting the development of drug-induced Parkinson's disease.