[Comparative study of the effect of antibiotics on the vital activity of plague microbe absorbed by macrophages]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie vliianiia antibiotikov na zhiznedeiatel'nost' chumnogo mikroba, pogloshchennogo makrofagami.

The influence of aminoglycosides (gentamicin, sisomicin and amikacin), cephalosporins (cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefazolin) and semisynthetic penicillins (ampicillin and azlocillin) on the vital activity of macrophage-absorbed plague microbe was studied in a model of peritoneal macrophages of albino mice. It was shown that the aminoglycosides and betalactams added to the medium for the cultivation of the macrophages with the absorbed cells of the plaque microbe lowered the intensity of the plague microbe multiplication and promoted the phagocytosis completion when exposed for a prolonged time (24 hours). When the influence was body-mediated (albino mice), even a single administration of the antibiotics was sufficient to retard the vital activity of the macrophage-absorbed plague microbe during the first 6 hours of the observation period. It was also shown that the aminoglycosides were more active than the betalactams.

[Multifactorial analysis of combined use of an antibiotic and peptidoglycan of microbial origin in experimental plague]. / Mnogofaktornyi analiz kombinirovannogo primeneniia antibiotika i peptidoglikana mikrobnogo proiskhozhdeniia pri éksperimental'noi chumnoi infektsii.

The combined effect of doxycycline and microbial peptidoglycan was studied with multifactorial analysis. The drugs were used preventively and therapeutically. The preventive use of doxycycline in the subtherapeutic doses in combination with the immunomodulator resulted in a significant increase in the survival rate rather than the average life-span (ALS) of the experimental animals. The therapeutic use of the drugs was more efficient than the preventive one and resulted in higher survival and ALS. By the results of the experiments polynomial statistic models of the second order were developed and the equal level curves characterizing the survival rate and ALS were plotted. The dose-time regimens of the combined use of doxycycline an peptidoglycan were optimized.

[Multifactor study of combined effects of an antibiotic and polysaccharide in experimental infection]. / Izuchenie v mnogofaktornom éksperimente sochetannogo deistviia antibiotika i polisakharida pri éksperimental'noinfektsii.

Multifactorial analysis was applied to the study of the combined effect of doxycycline and a polysaccharide of microbial origin in experimental plague infection. A marked synergistic action of the antibiotic and polysaccharide used in subtherapeutic doses in treatment of the infection was observed. By the results of the experiments polynomial statistic models of the 2nd order were designed and nomographs or equal level lines were plotted. The models and nomographs described the animal survival rate and lifespan within a wide range of the control parameters. The dose/time regimens for the use of the polysaccharide combination with doxycycline were optimized on the basis of the multifactorial analysis.

[A multifactorial analysis of the combined action of an antibiotic and a low-molecular immunomodulator of microbial origin in experimental plague infection]. / Mnogofaktornyi analiz sochetannogo deistviia antibiotika i nizkomolekuliarnogo immunomoduliatora mikrobnogo proiskhozhdeniia pri éksperimental'noi chumnoi infektsii.

The combined effect of doxycycline and a low molecular weight immunomodulator of microbial origin was studied in experimental plague infection with mathematical design of the experiment. Synergism of the action of the antibiotic and immunomodulator used in subtherapeutic doses was observed. The action was the most pronounced when the drugs were applied therapeutically. On the basis of the multifactorial analysis the regimens for the use of the antibiotic and immunomodulator were optimized.

[Multifactorial study of the combined effect of rifampicin and microbial peptidoglycan in experimental plague infection]. / Mnogofaktornoe izuchenie kombinirovannogo deistviia rifampitsina i peptidoglikana mikrobnogo proiskhozhdeniia pri éksperimental'noi chumnoi infektsii.

The combined effect of rifampicin and a microbial peptidoglycan was studied in multifactorial experiments on noninbred mice with plague infection. The effect of rifampicin and the immunomodulator was shown to be synergistic. The results of the multifactorial experiments provided designing of polynomial statistic models of the second order characterizing the animal survival rate and mean life-span and plotting of nomograms or equal level lines useful in optimization of the combined therapy parameters.

[Multifactorial experiment on the combined effect of rifampicin and microbial polysaccharide in experimental plague infection]. / Izuchenie v mnogofaktornom ékperimente sochetannogo deistviia rifampitsina i polisakharida mikrobnogo proiskhozhdeniia pri éksperimental'noi chumnoi infektsii.

Multifactorial analysis was applied to the study of the combined effect of rifampicin and a microbial polysaccharide in experimental plague infection. The effect of the antibiotic and immunomodulator was shown to be synergistic. On the basis of the study results polynomial statistic models of the second order were designed and nomograms or equal level lines were plotted which provided optimization of the combined chemo- and immunotherapy.

[Multifactor analysis of the combined use of an antibiotic and a low molecular weight immunomodulator of microbial origin in experimental plague infection]. / Mnogofaktornyi analiz kombinirovannogo primeneniia antibiotika i nizkomolekuliarnogo immunomoduliatora mikrobnogo proiskhozhdeniia pri éksperimental'noi chumni infektsii.

Multifactorial analysis of the combined effect of rifampicin and a low molecular immunomodulator of microbial origin in experimental plague infection was performed. Synergism of the antibiotic used in the subtherapeutic doses and the immunomodulator was shown. By the results of the study polynomial statistic models of the second order describing the survival rate and average life-span of the experimental animals were developed and nomographs (equal level curves) were plotted for rapid estimating the therapy quantitative parameters. Optimization of the combined use of rifampicin and the immunomodulator on the basis of the multifactorial analysis was achieved.

[The phenomenon of pilus formation in the interaction of Yersinia pestis with macrophages in experimental animals]. / Fenomen pileobrazovaniia pri vzaimodeistvii Yersinia pestis s makrofagami éksperimental'nykh zhivotnykh.

According to the data of the enzyme immunoassay, adhesion pili were expressed by Y. pestis cells EB76 after their cultivation in media with pH similar to that of phagolysosomes. The expression of adhesion pili was found to occur 18 hours after the contact of apiliate cells EB76 with a monolayer of native, but not inactivated (at 56 degrees C for 30 minutes) macrophages of the peritoneal exudate of white mice and guinea pigs. Purified adhesion pili possessed cytotoxic action and inhibited the digestive activity of macrophages with respect to Y. pestis. The formation of pili in interaction with macrophages and the pronounced effect of the preparations of purified pili on the function of phagocytes make it possible to regard the formation of pili as an important determinant of virulence.

[Changes in the cathepsin activity of reticuloendothelial cells under the effect of biologically active substances]. / Izmenenie urovnia aktivnosti katepsina v kletkakh retikuloendotelial'noi sistemy pod vliianiem biologicheski aktivnykh veshchestv.

The level of cathepsin D, an enzyme of the lysosomal origin was used as a criterion of the increase in the digestive capacity of macrophages under the action of biologically active substances. It was shown that the use of prodigiosan changed the enzyme activity in the cells of the peritoneal exudate and spleen of the albino mice. Increased activity of cathepsin D was considered as a state of increased readiness for phagocytosis.

[Effect of several antibiotics and their combination with prodigiozan on Y. pestis EV, engulfed by macrophages]. / Vliianie mekotorykh antibiotikov i ikh sochetanii s prodigiozanom na Y. pestis EV, pogloshchennye makrofagami.

The effect of various antibiotics, such as streptomycin, gentamicin, ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, tetracycline, chlortetracycline and levomycetin on the plague bacteria (strain Y. pestis EV) located inside the cells was studied. Peritoneal macrophages of albino mice with aceptic inflammation of the abdominal cavity caused by intraperitoneal administration of 2 ml of sterile meat-peptone broth were used in the experiments. The ratio of the macrophages and microbes was 1 : 50. A part of the mice were treated with prodigiozan 24 hours before taking the exudate. The preparations of the macrophages of albino mice with the microbes absorbed by them served as the control. The effect of the antibiotics and their combinations with prodigiozan was stimated by the coefficient of multiplication suppression against the control. The observations were made in dynamics. The studies showed that the macrophage activity of the mice treated with prodigiozan after exposure to the antibiotics was reliably higher than that in the control and digestion of the microbes located inside the cells started earlier, providing more complete phagocytosis.

[Study of the effect of tetracycline, prodigiosin and their combination on the dynamics of phagocytosis of plague bacteria]. / Izuchenie vliianiia tetratsiklina, prodigiozana i ikh sochetaniia na dinamiku fagotsitoza chumnykh bakterii

The advantage of the combined use of prodigiozan and tetracycline was observed in tissue culture of peritoneal macrophages of albino mice. Earlier digestion of the intracellular Y. pestis EV by the animal macrophages exposed to prodigiozan and treated with tetracycline was noted. It was shown that the macrophages preserved during several hours of cultivation in vitro their properties acquired in the animal organism under the effect of the substances administered.