RESUMO
Diabetes mellitus is one of the main risk factors of fungal infections of oral cavity, lower part of gastrointestinal tract, skin, foot, urogenital system and blood. Mycosis is a serious diagnostic and therapeutic problem and cause of mortality in diabetes. Fungal infections are also an important problem among hemodialysis patients with diabetes or diabetic patients after pancreas or kidney transplantation This work briefly describes the etiology, symptoms, diagnosis and ways of prophylaxis and treatment of mycosis in diabetic population. There is also emphasized the great connection between effective treatment of mycosis and glycemic control.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Complicações do Diabetes/tratamento farmacológico , Micoses/tratamento farmacológico , Complicações do Diabetes/diagnóstico , Complicações do Diabetes/microbiologia , Complicações do Diabetes/mortalidade , Complicações do Diabetes/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Micoses/diagnóstico , Micoses/microbiologia , Micoses/mortalidade , Micoses/prevenção & controle , Transplante de Pâncreas/efeitos adversos , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia which causes micro- and macrovascular complications. A significant increase in diabetes morbidity rate has been observed. It is estimated that in year 2030 there will be 552 million diabetics worldwide. Type 1 diabetes requires lifelong treatment with insulin. The only available treatment of diabetes restoring physiological glucose metabolism is transplantation of pancreatic beta cells in form of pancreas or isolated pancreatic islets transplantation. The treatment restores normoglycemia and reduces chances of complications of diabetes. Over the past 10 years there has been significant progress in the development of the islet transplantation procedure. Constant improvement of the method, in particular the development of islets isolation and sourcing techniques, shows promise. According to the Collaborative Islet Transplant Registry in 1999-2009, there have been performed 1,072 allotransplantations. This paper summarizes the indications and contraindications for the procedure, the transplantation process, as well as the surgical procedure and immunosuppressive treatment. The review presents problems related to pancreatic islet cells transplantation and standard scheme of immunosuppressive treatment, requiring a solution.
