Mycoplasma hominis ssp. associated endocarditis with myocardial necrosis in an alpaca (Vicugna pacos) in Manitoba in 2011.

Severe endocarditis with myonecrosis, moderate to severe pleural and pericardial effusions, and mild ascites were found on necropsy in 3 alpacas. Mycoplasma hominis ssp. was detected on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of fresh affected endocardial tissue in 1 alpaca.

Mycoplasma hominisssp. associé à l'endocardite avec une nécrose du myocarde chez un alpaga(Vicugna pacos)au Manitoba en 2011. Une endocardite grave accompagnée de myonécrose, d'effusions pleurales et péricardiques de modérées à graves et d'ascite légère a été découverte à la nécropsie chez 3 alpagas. Mycoplasma hominis ssp. a été détecté à l'amplification en chaîne par polymérase d'un tissu endocardiaque touché chez 1 alpaga.(Traduit par Isabelle Vallières).

The first reported case of rabbit hemorrhagic disease in Canada.

In March 2011, rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) was suspected in a 1-year-old male neutered lop-eared rabbit that had acute onset liver failure. Gross pathology, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, partial nucleic acid sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the major capsid protein (VP60) and animal inoculation studies all supported this diagnosis making it the first confirmed case of RHD in Canada.In March 2011, rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) was suspected in a 1-year-old male neutered lop-eared rabbit that had acute onset liver failure. Gross pathology, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, partial nucleic acid sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the major capsid protein (VP60) and animal inoculation studies all supported this diagnosis making it the first confirmed case of RHD in Canada.

RésuméLe premier cas signalé de maladie hémorragique du lapin au Canada. En mars 2011, la maladie hémorragique du lapin (MHL) a été suspectée chez un lapin bélier mâle castré âgé de 1 an qui a présenté l'apparition soudaine d'une insuffisance hépatique. La pathologie macroscopique, l'histopathologie, l'immunohistochimie, le séquençage partiel de l'acide nucléique et l'analyse phylogénétique de la principale protéine de la capside (VP60) et des études d'inoculation animale ont confirmé d'emblée ce diagnostic, ce qui en fait le premier cas confirmé de MHL au Canada.(Traduit par Isabelle Vallières).

Explanatory model of cattle death by starvation in Manitoba: forensic evaluation.

Cattle death by starvation is a persistent annual event in Manitoba. Herds with more than 10% overwinter death loss are usually identified in the late winter or early spring. Field and postmortem findings suggest that there is complete mobilization of fat followed by inability to maintain adequate thermoregulation and death by cardiac arrest. Carcasses show only mild evidence of muscle catabolism and are in excellent preservation if located prior to or around the time of spring thaw. A forensic diagnosis of death by starvation-induced exposure can be made with a high level of confidence when considering field data, whole carcass appearance, and postmortem evaluation of residual fat stores.

Modèle explicatif de la mort de bovins par inanition au Manitoba : évaluation médico-légale. La mort de bovins par inanition est une occurrence annuelle constante au Manitoba. Les troupeaux ayant plus de 10 % de mortalités pendant l'hiver sont habituellement identifiés à la fin de l'hiver ou au début du printemps. Les résultats sur le terrain et lors des autopsies suggèrent que la mort est causée par une mobilisation complète des graisses suivie d'une incapacité à maintenir une thermorégulation adéquate et de la mort par arrêt cardiaque. Les carcasses présentent seulement des preuves faibles de catabolisme musculaire et sont très bien préservées si elles sont repérées avant ou vers le moment du dégel printanier. Un diagnostic médico-légal de mort par exposition induite par inanition peut être posé avec un niveau de confiance élevé lorsque l'on considère les données sur le terrain, l'apparence des carcasses entières et l'évaluation des graisses résiduelles à l'autopsie.(Traduit par Isabelle Vallières).

Actinobacillus equuli as a primary pathogen in breeding sows and piglets.

The death of over 300 sows in 2 months on a 3000 sow farrow-to-isowean operation in Manitoba was attributed to infection with Actinobacillus equuli. This pathogen commonly infects foals, and is rarely reported in swine. Our report is the second recently published case of this pathogen in North American swine.

Baylisascaris procyonis encephalitis in Patagonian conures (Cyanoliseus patagonus), crested screamers (Chauna torquata), and a western Canadian porcupine (Erethizon dorsatum epixanthus) in a Manitoba zoo.

Neurological disease occurred in 4 Patagonian conures (Cyanoliseus patagonus), 2 crested screamer chicks (Chauna torquata), and 1 western Canadian porcupine (Erethizon dorsatum epixanthus) at a Manitoba zoo. Baylisascaris procyonis, the common raccoon roundworm, not previously identified in Manitoba, is considered the likely cause of neural larval migrans in these cases.

Evaluation of equine papillomas, aural plaques, and sarcoids for the presence of Equine papillomavirus DNA and Papillomavirus antigen.

Immunohistochemical (IHC) testing and electron microscopy have implicated Papillomavirus (PV) as the etiologic agent for equine papillomas and aural plaques, but Equine papillomavirus (EPV) DNA has yet to be demonstrated in these lesions by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The purpose of this study was to evaluate formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from naturally occurring cases of equine papillomas, aural plaques, and sarcoids for the presence of EPV DNA by means of PCR and for the presence of PV antigen by means of IHC testing. We used EPV-specific primers that amplified a region of 384 base pairs (bp) spanning the E4 and L2 genes of the EPV genome and consensus PV primers that amplified a 102-bp region of the L1 gene. Group-specific PV structural antigens were detected with the use of a streptavidin-biotin-alkaline phosphatase IHC stain. With IHC testing, 23 of 38 papillomas, 4 of 9 aural plaques, and 0 of 10 sarcoids were positive for PV antigen; EPV DNA was found in 20 of the 38 papillomas and 1 of the 10 sarcoids but 0 of the 9 aural plaques. The consensus primers did not amplify novel PV DNA in any of the tissues. Nucleotide sequencing of viral DNA from 7 papillomas amplified with EPV-specific primers revealed DNA fragments that were 96% to 99% identical to known EPV sequences. Some samples had nucleotide substitutions in common, which suggests infection with related strains. Together, EPV DNA or PV antigen (or both) was demonstrated in 26 (68%) of the 38 equine papillomas. Although aural plaques contained PV antigen, they were negative for EPV DNA; therefore, we hypothesize that aural plaques contain a PV distinct from EPV.