[Shear wave elastography: possibilities of the differential diagnosis of focal and diffuse changes in various organs and tissues].

Ultrasound study (USS) using a shear wave elastography procedure was made in different groups of patients with morphologically verified focal and diffuse abnormalities of both superficial organs and structures and viscera. The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the stiffness of normal and pathologic organs and tissues were estimated; there was a significance importance of differences in benign and malignant lesions. The magnitude of fibrous changes in the hepatic parenchyma was first estimated by a USS technique; there was evidence that there were significant differences in indicators in health and various liver abnormalities.

[Impact of cerebral arteriovenous malformations on systemic and cerebral hemodynamics].

Shunt through cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) causes not only cerebral hemodynamic changes, but also affects the cardiovascular system as a whole. Forty-two patients aged 15 to 62 years were examined. Group 1 included 19 patients with AVM < 20 cm3; Group 2 comprised 23 patients with AVMs > 21 cm3. Cerebral angiography revealed AVMs afferents and stroma. Before and after surgery, total cerebral blood flow was estimated by color duplex scanning of cephalic large arteries; and the heart and systemic hemodynamics were evaluated by ECG, echoECG, and 24-hour blood pressure monitoring. Thus, small AVMs with insignificant arteriovenous shunt do not considerably affect cerebral and systemic hemodynamics (eukinetic hemodynamics). Large AVMs enhance functional load on the cardiovascular system whose hyperfunction as the basic mechanism of cerebral blood flow compensation in arteriovenous shunt through cerebral AVMs is effected by increasing cardiac and stroke, circulating blood volume, blood pressure, and tachycardia. These changes are functional.

[Dental status of patients with chronic diffuse diseases of the liver]. / Stomatologicheskii status bol'nykh s khronicheskimi diffuznymi zabolevaniiami pecheni.

The intensity and prevalence of diseases of hard dental tissues and periodontium, correlation of serum, unstimulated mixed saliva, and gingival fluid biochemistry, and changes in the periodontal microcirculation were studied in 122 patients with chronic diffuse diseases of the liver. Specific changes in the biochemical parameters of unstimulated mixed saliva and gingival fluid in these patients were directly related to the biochemical parameters of the serum and the fact of dental treatment. Microcirculatory disorders in the distal portions of periodontal vessels (attached gingiva and gingival papilla) depended on local factors, while disorders in larger vessels of the buccal mucosa (transitional fold) were related to the severity of the underlying disease.

[Transmembrane potential and electrogenicity of thrombocyte Na, K-ATPase in different forms of hypertension in rats]. / Transmembrannyi potentsial i élektrogennost' Na, K-ATFazy trombotsitov pri razlichnykh formakh gipertenzii u krys.

The fluorescent dye 3,3'-dipropylthiadicarbocyanine iodide, dis-C3-(5), was used to study the membrane potential of platelets in rats with renal, DOCA-induced and spontaneous hypertension. The magnitude of the transmembrane potential in platelets combines the activity of electrogenic Na, K-ATPase and the rate of ion diffusion across the plasma membrane. The basal potential is 12 = 14 mB as lowered only in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The decrease of the basal potential is made for electrogenicity of platelet Na, K-ATPase in spontaneously hypertensive rats.