THE DETERMINATION OF THE NEED TO PROVIDE ORTHODONTIC ASSISTANCE TO TEENAGERS IN CONDITIONS OF LIMITED RESOURCES.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To substantiate the need for a combination of interdisciplinary approaches to diagnosis, treatment and correction of dento-maxillofacial anomalies of teenagers based on the analysis of the need for orthodontic treatment using the DAI, IOTN, ICON aesthetic indices. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Empirical, epidemiological, clinical, analytical-synthetic, sociological, psychological research methods, questionnaires, dental indexeshave been used in various combinations. RESULTS: Results: As a result of a clinical examination of 2,260 teenagers (1,096 boys and 1,124 girls), 1,474 individuals have been bselected for orthodontic treatment with the following degree of complexity: mild - in 25 examined (35.71±4.95%), moderate - in 31 individuals (44.28± 5.48%), heavy - 14 (20.00±3.11%). After an in-depth dental examination and determination of the psychological profile, 70 teenagers have been selected for treatment. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The effectiveness of the use of dental indices as a screening tool to eliminate the discrepancy between objective medical indicators of the level of need for correction of dento-maxillofacial anomalies and the level of expected results in adolescents has been proven.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CLINICAL APPLICATION OF MONOLITHIC AND FOLDING IMPLANTS IN REHABILITATION OF ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH VARIOUS DEGREES OF ATROPHY OF ALVEOLAR PROCESSES.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Comparative evaluation of long-term results of clinical application of one- and two-stage surgical protocols of dental implantation with the use of monolithic and collapsible implants in the rehabilitation of elderly patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Under clinical observation were 46 patients with various clinical diagnoses of dentition defects aged 60 to 70 years. The following methods were used in the study: one - stage surgical protocol of dental implantation operation with non - detachable implants of ART IMPLANT system with subsequent temporary splint fixed prosthesis and immediate occlusive functional load, mechanical oscillatory - resonance method, questionnaire and statistical analysis. RESULTS: Results: The duration of surgical stages of treatment and complete rehabilitation showed statistically significant differences (p <0.05) and was significantly less when using a single-stage protocol of dental implant surgery and non-detachable implants and averaged 3.9 ± 0.8, p <0.05 months against 7.3 ± 1.2, p <0.05 months in implants according to the two-stage protocol. Assessment of patient satisfaction with the treatment was directly correlated with his timing. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Thus, it should be noted that the clinical use of one-stage surgical protocol of implantation and non-detachable (monolithic) dental implants of the system «ART IMPLANT¼ in the rehabilitation of elderly patients with varying degrees of atrophy of the alveolar processes of the jaws is clinically justified.

LEGAL OBLIGATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF HUMAN ORGANS AND TISSUES TRANSPLANTATION.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To highlight and analyze the nature of certain legal obligations occuring in the process of human organs and tissues transplantation, in particular, the following obligations: compliance with regulatory and medical requirements for organ and human tissues transplantation, obtaining the donor's consent for organs and tissues transplantation, organs or tissues transplantation on a non-commercial basis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Methodologically, this work is based on the system of methods, scientific approaches, techniques and principles with the help of which the realization of the research aim is carried out. There have been applied universal, general scientific and special legal methods. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Analyzed regulatory and medical requirements, indicate the complexity of the transplant process, as well as the need for strict compliance with established regulations and rules. For the whole complex transplant procedure, one of the key points is the donor's consent (disagreement) to remove anatomical materials from him. The obligation to perform organ or tissue transplantation on a non-commercial basis has a dual purpose: first, to prevent offenses and legal violations in this area; secondly, to determine as transparently and clearly as possible the list of costs incurred by the donor in connection with the organs and tissues removal and subject to reimbursement, the procedure for such reimbursement and its reasonable, acceptable and sufficient amount.

IMMEDIATE IMPLANTATION AND AESTHETIC COMPONENT AS A RESULT OF SUCCESSFUL FORECAST TREATMENT.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Improving the method of immediate implantation in the aesthetic zone in case of bone deficiency to obtain the highest aesthetic and predictable treatment result. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Under clinical observation were 32 patients with different clinical diagnoses in the anterior part of the upper jaw aged 30 to 55 years. In the course of recent advances, the following methods have been used: clinical protocol of immediate implantation with passive exceptional loads by temporary orthopedic constructions, X-ray method using cone-beam computed tomography, statistical analysis. RESULTS: Results: After surgical treatment of patients 1 year after surgery, the distribution of biotypes was as follows: in group 1 - thick biotype 12.87%, medium - 87.13%; in group 2 - thick biotype 27.04%, medium - 72.96%, with p <0.05. According to the results of CT, the distance between the implant and the vestibular in the first group was after 6 months - 1.67 ± 0.04 mm (p <0.05); in the second group of the study we obtained the following results after 6 months - 1.59 ± 0.06 mm (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The advanced method of immediate implantation in the anterior part of the upper jaw allows to change the biotype of soft tissues, improve the color spectrum of the gums, increase the thickness of soft tissues with connective tissue autograft, and increase gum density and fixation of osteoplastic material in the presence of defect ), as well as reduce the risk of recession.

LEGAL REGULATION OF HUMAN ORGANS AND TISSUE TRANSPLANTATION: INTERNATIONAL AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To highlight and analyze the international aspect of the legal regulation of human organs and tissues transplantation, as well as foreign experience of regulation in this area within the relevant national legal systems (for example, US, Germany, Israel, Switzerland, Spain, Argentina, China and India). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Methodologically, this work is based on the system of methods, scientific approaches, techniques and principles with the help of which the realization of the research aim is carried out. There have been applied universal, general scientific and special legal methods. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Thus, the efforts of the international community and the countries under study in the field of transplantation are focused on a wide range of important issues that need to be regulated. The international legal regulation of transplantation covers the results of the activities of such international organizations as the World Health Organization, the Council of Europe, and the World Medical Assembly. The acts adopted by them are mainly of a recommendatory nature (with the exception of some Council of Europe acts on trafficking in human organs) and are addressed primarily to States, offering guidelines and standards for the legal regulation of transplantation within national legal orders. Therefore, the issues of donation and transplantation of human organs and tissues in the respective states are determined by special legislative acts, which comprehensively regulate the procedure for their transplantation.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF BONE REBUILDING IN THE PERIIMPLANTATION AREA UNDER IMMEDIATE LOADING ON DENTAL IMPLANTS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: Study of the dynamics of morphological rearrangement of bone under conditions of immediate occlusive functional load and the effect of splinting of implants with temporary orthopedic structures with the analysis of the coefficient of stability of implants during immediate implantation in the experiment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: A series of experiments was performed on 6 male Duroc pigs at the age of 6 months and weighing 40-60 kg. In the course of recent advances, the following methods have been used: the clinical protocol of immediate - implantation of time-consuming clothes, the definition of COEFICIENT, morphometry and light microscopy of the slides, statistical analysis. RESULTS: Results: By morphometric examination after 3 months the BIC in the series with splinting was 1.68 times higher compared to 1 month. studies, in a series of experiments without splinting - 1.9 times, after 3 months. the difference between implantation experiments with splinting components and without splinting is 1.6 times. During the functional study of the resonant - frequency analyzer, there is an increase in the ISQ in the second and third months after surgery, but this figure is higher in the study using the splint component. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Stagnation of the shingle component in the case of intrinsic intraoperative functional juvenile implantation accelerates the dynamics of osteointegration, so that high indicators of the efficiency of the implant stability can be achieved.

The use of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of dental caries in children of contaminated areas of the ecosystem of the upper tysa region.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: improving the effectiveness of treatment of dental caries in children using the method of photodynamic therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The treatment of permanent tooth decay was performed in 35 children of the Upper Tysa region aged 12-15 years. Using the polymerase chain reaction method, the clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of dentin caries was determined. RESULTS: Results: During the study, by PCR analysis, dentin caries most commonly revealed genetic markers of DNA of the five most virulent anaerobic bacteria: Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium spp., Enterococcus Faecalis, Veilonella spp., Candida albicans. After treatment of the carious cavity by the method of photodynamic therapy with exposure of 30 s - fusobacterium spp. were not detected, the detection rate of prevotella intermedia decreased 3-fold, enterococcus faecalis 3.5-fold, veilonella spp.- 5-fold, and candida albicans- 8-fold; after treatment with carious cavities with 60 s exposure - anaerobic microorganisms were not detected in the investigated samples. The effect of photodynamic therapy with laser exposure of 60 seconds on caries-causing streptococci resulted in their total death, and with exposure of 30 seconds - the frequency of isolated strains decreased several folds. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The use of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of dentine caries is a highly effective and pathogenetically sound method of treatment that provides a significant reduction in the optional and obligate types of cariesogenic microorganisms.

The right to clone: some aspects of the contemporary discourse.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The paper aims to analyze some aspects of the contemporary discourse which concern the determination of the content and specificity of the right to clone. It also outlines the main trends in the development of legal regulation of cloning within international and national law and order. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Methodologically, this work is based on the system of methods, scientific approaches, techniques and principles with the help of which the realization of the research aim is carried out. There have been applied universal, general scientific and special legal methods. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Regarding the findings of the study it is necessary to note the following. First, if there is a shared negative vision of the feasibility of reproductive cloning in general, which is enshrined in international and national legislation, the need for therapeutic cloning remains an unresolved issue. Secondly, medicine advances and accordingly sees new perspectives and innovative developments in the field of therapeutic activity, in particular, related to the results of therapeutic cloning, which can help in the fightagainst incurable diseases. Hence, there is the necessity of further research aimed at the improvement of the existing mechanisms for implementing therapeutic cloning, and determining its limits and procedural aspects.

Relationship between idiopathic scoliosis of the spine and dentognathic anomalies in adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: According to the data of the national statistics, the disease of the musculoskeletal system among the teenagers takes the third place among the main types of diseases. So, we decided to analyze and study the connection between the idiopathic scoliosis of the spine and dentognathic anomalies in children aged 12-15 years old in Uzhhorod (Ukraine). The aim: To determine the characteristic violations of the dentognathic system in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis of the spine, taking into account the anatomical type of lesion. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 225 people were examined, including 190 girls and 35 boys. All patients were under the control of an orthopedic physician. RESULTS: Results: The most common type of scoliosis is found to be thoracolumbar, which is noted in 114 patients. As a result of analysis it was found that the most characteristic disorders of the dentognathic system in patients with thoracolumbar scoliosis were distal bite (80 ± 2.0%), sagittal gap (37.5 ± 2.1%), deep bite (22.5 ± 2.3%). In the group of healthy children, without scoliosis, the prevalence of dentognathic anomalies is 2.6 times lower than in patients with idiopathic adolescent scoliosis. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Regardless of the localization of deformation in the spine under scoliosis, all the groups of patients are characterized by the following signs: sagittal gap, shortening of the upper dentition, distal bite, crowding of the teeth on the lower jaw.

Possibilities of modern x-ray examination methods for diagnostics of hidden dental caries of approximal localization.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: In case of hidden carious cavities development on the approximal teeth surfaces, the clinical diagnostics of this process is difficult. Then, the diagnostics of carious lesion is not possible without carrying out X-ray examination. The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of clinical and X-ray diagnostics for hidden caries of approximal teeth surfaces. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Condition of 2 963 teeth of 115 people aged from 19 to 55 was analysed. Additionally, a digital panoramic 2D diagnostics (Planmeca ProSensor, Finland) and Cone Beam Computed Tomography 3D Diagnostics (Morita, Japan) were used for clinical examination of patients. RESULTS: Results: In both variants of diagnostics, the number of caries defects in the upper jaw was higher than in the lower one, and the frequency of caries lesion of various teeth groups had the following sequence in descending order: molar teeth, premolar teeth, incisor teeth and canine teeth. Hidden carious cavities of average depth and deep were detected with almost the same frequency in both variants of the study, which by 1.9 - 2.0 times respectively exceeded the frequency of superficial carious cavities detection (p = 0.0001). According to the results of clinical studies, hidden superficial carious cavities occurred in single cases and X-ray examination improved their diagnostics by 9.6 times (p = 0.0000). CONCLUSION: Conclusions: X-ray examination allows increasing the effectiveness of diagnostics of hidden carious cavities of approximal localization by 1.2 times on the whole (p <0,05). In such cases orthopantomography (OPG) has reasonably sufficient diagnostic capabilities. Definitely, 3D Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) has much more diagnostic capabilities, but its use can not be justified for the diagnostics of caries only.

Prevention of main dental diseases in children using herbal tea «dentesvita¼

Introduction: Transcarpathian region refers to the climate-geographic zone with a low level of fluoride and iodine in the environment and as shown by the epidemiological survey «very high¼ according to WHO criteria for the level of intensity of main dental diseases. With the purpose of directing the implementation of the state policy in the field of health care and for the prevention of dental diseases, the industrial release of a functional food product - «DentesVita¼ enriched with iodine and fluorine - has been adjusted. The aim: Was to study the effectiveness of the use of functional food product - DentesVita for the prevention of dental caries in children. Material and methods: A comprehensive dental examination of 180 children of 12 years of age has been carried out: 60 of them in each of the climatic and geographical zones of Transcarpathia: plain, foothills and mountains. The intensity of caries according to the DMF index, increase of intensity was determined. A simplified hygiene index (OHI-S) was used to assess the hygienic state of the oral cavity. Carried out research on the mineralization potential of saliva. Results: The growth of caries in children of the main group of the plain zone was 1.8 times smaller, and in the foothills and mountains 1.6 times smaller than the similar rates of control group children (p <0.05). The caries prophylactic effect at that was among schoolchildren in the plain zone: 43.48%, foothill - 38.66%, and mountainous - 23.53%. Conclusions: These studies confirm the effectiveness of using «DentesVita¼ for the prevention of dental caries in children living in conditions of biogeochemical deficiency of fluorine and iodine on the basis of caries intensity growth indexes, hygienic indexes of the oral cavity and mineralizing ability of oral liquid.