RESUMO
Background: Despite the emergence and development of evidence-based practice (EBP) in recent years, its adoption continues to be limited. This study used Rogers's diffusion of innovation theory to identify the factors that advance EBP adoption, determine the process by which such adoption occurs, and develop an EBP adoption model. Methods: This descriptive correlational study with model testing design conducted in 2015.Data were collected from 482 individuals (322 nurses and 160 nursing students) applying a demographic information questionnaire, a standard scale for the perception EBP attributes, an EBP scale, and an individual innovation inventory. The relationships between variables we reexamined by path analysis. Results: The results showed that EBP adoption had a significant positive relationship with individual innovation (r = 0.578, P < 0.001), knowledge (r = 0.657, P < 0.001), attitude (r = 0.623,P < 0.001), and age (r = 0.357, P < 0.001). The findings of path analysis indicated that the goodness of fit indices such as goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.999, comparative fit index (CFI)= 0.999, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.036 were in the ideal ranges.Knowledge (total effect=0.309, P < 0.001), attitude (total effect = 0.372, P = 0.002), and work experience (total effect=0.321, P = 0.003) had the highest coefficient in the model. Conclusion: The results suggested that EBP adoption was influenced by various factors, such as individual innovation, attitude, knowledge, and the perception of EBP attributes. Among these factors, attitude had the greatest effect on EBP adoption. The findings can serve as a guide for the identification of factors that effectively influence EBP adoption. They can also be used as bases for the design of training programs intended to enhance the adoption of EBP.
RESUMO
Objective: Mothers with low birth weight infants experience more stress, which results in reduced breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding; In this regard, stress Inoculation Training (SIT) is one of the effective ways for inoculation against stress and psychological distress; Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of SIT on breastfeeding self-efficacy and perceived stress of mothers with low birth weight infants. Materials and methods: This clinical trial study was conducted from October to December 2017 on 100 mothers with low birth weight infants; the infants had been hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Kermanshah, Iran. The eligible mothers were randomly divided into two groups, i.e., intervention (n = 50) and control (n = 50) groups. Results: The mean score of breastfeeding self-efficacy, before SIT (33.82 ± 8.92) compared to after SIT (42.02 ± 8.83), significantly increased (p < 0.001), though no statistically significant difference was reported in the control group (p > 0.05). The mean score of perceived stress was significantly reduced after SIT (26.29 ± 6.49) compared to values before SIT (31.25 ± 5.82) (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study showed that on the one hand, SIT can effectively increase the breastfeeding self-efficacy in mothers with low birth weight infants; on the other hand, it can reduce their perceived stress. Therefore, the need for holding in-service training courses is felt in order to train the caregiving personnel, especially nurses, in applying the SIT technique.
