Grade of sclerosis in the contralateral mandibular area in osteonecrosis of the jaws.

The objective of this study was to compare the grade of radiographic sclerosis between the area of osteonecrosis and the at-risk contralateral mandibular area without osteonecrosis. Three groups were studied: group 1 comprised 30 cases of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ); group 2 was the healthy contralateral area without osteonecrosis of the group 1 cases; group 3 comprised 30 healthy controls. ImageJ software was used to analyze the computed tomography images, and the grade of bone sclerosis was compared between the three groups. The grade of sclerosis was significantly higher in group 1 than in the other groups (P<0.05); the difference between groups 2 and 3 was not significant. Sclerosis was significantly greater in the area of bone necrosis than in the contralateral mandibular area in patients with MRONJ. No significant differences were found in the grade of sclerosis between the contralateral non-affected mandibular area of patients with MRONJ and the control patients.

Escleroterapia con etanol de las malformaciones vasculares de la cavidad oral / Alcohol sclerotherapy to treat vascular malformations in the oral cavity

Objetivo. Presentamos nuestra experiencia en la inyección intralesional de etanol como tratamiento único y efectivo de las malformaciones vasculares (MV) de la cavidad oral. Material y métodos. Se trataron 26 pacientes (12 varones y 14 mujeres) con malformaciones orales. El diagnóstico se estableció por los hallazgos clínicos (n = 26), los estudios de resonancia magnética (n = 19), de arteriografía (n = 5) y de flebografía percutánea por punción directa (n = 2). Para la esclerosis de las lesiones se empleó etanol absoluto mediante punción directa. Todas las intervenciones se realizaron con sedación profunda. Resultados. Se trataron 28 MV de diferentes tamaños, con una mediana de diámetro máximo de 24,5 mm (7-60), presentes en la cavidad oral durante una media de 13,6 años (0,2-54) en 26 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue de 44,5 años (12-87). Los criterios para el tratamiento de las malformaciones fueron: aumento de tamaño (n = 8), sangrado local (n = 11), riesgo de sangrado durante una extracción dental (n = 5), dolor (n = 1), trastorno estético (n = 3). Localización de las lesiones: 12 en la mucosa yugal, 5 en la encía vestibular, 6 en la mucosa labial, 3 en la lengua, una en la región pterigomandibular y una en el paladar. La dosis mediana de etanol fue de 3,2 ml. Veinte lesiones desaparecieron tras una única inyección, 5 tras 2 sesiones, 2 tras 3 sesiones, y una tras 5 sesiones. En 20 casos las lesiones desaparecieron, en 6 persistió una mácula azulada y en 2 persistió un efecto de masa. Los síntomas mejoraron en todos los pacientes. Las complicaciones asociadas a la escleroterapia intralesional fueron pasajeras: inflamación local, parestesia perioral en 2 pacientes, y necrosis de la mucosa yugal en uno. Conclusiones. La esclerosis con etanol es un procedimiento eficaz para el tratamiento de pacientes con MV de la cavidad oral (AU)

Objective: To present our experience in treating vascular malformations in the oral cavity solely by injecting ethanol into the lesions. Material and methods: We treated 26 patients (12 men and 14 women) with oral malformations. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings (n=26), magnetic resonance imaging studies (n=19), angiography findings (n=5), and direct puncture venography (n=2). To achieve sclerosis, we administered absolute ethanol through direct puncture. All interventions were performed under deep sedation. Results: The vascular malformations treated ranged from 7 mm to 60 mm (median: 24.5 mm) in maximum diameter and had been present in the oral cavity for 0.2 to 54 years (mean: 13.6 years). The median age of the patients was 44.5 years (range: 12-87 years). The reason for treatment of the malformation was: an increase in size (n=8), local bleeding (n=11), risk of bleeding during dental extraction (n=5), pain (n=1), and esthetic purposes (n=3). Lesions were located in the mucosa of the cheek (n=12), in the facial gingiva (n=5), in the labial mucosa (n=6), in the tongue (n=3), in the pterygomandibular region (n=1), and in the palate (n=1). The median dose of ethanol was 3.2 mL. Twenty lesions disappeared after a single injection session, five after two sessions, two after three sessions, and one after five sessions. In 20 cases all signs of the lesions disappeared, in 6 a bluish macule persisted, and in 2 a mass effect persisted. The symptoms improved in all patients. Only transient complications of sclerotherapy were observed: local inflammation, perioral paresthesia in two patients, and necrosis of the mucosa of the cheek in one. Conclusions: Alcohol sclerotherapy is an efficacious procedure for treating vascular malformations in the oral cavity (AU)

Alcohol sclerotherapy to treat vascular malformations in the oral cavity.

OBJECTIVE: To present our experience in treating vascular malformations in the oral cavity solely by injecting ethanol into the lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We treated 26 patients (12 men and 14 women) with oral malformations. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings (n=26), magnetic resonance imaging studies (n=19), angiography findings (n=5), and direct puncture venography (n=2). To achieve sclerosis, we administered absolute ethanol through direct puncture. All interventions were performed under deep sedation. RESULTS: The vascular malformations treated ranged from 7mm to 60mm (median: 24.5mm) in maximum diameter and had been present in the oral cavity for 0.2 to 54 years (mean: 13.6 years). The median age of the patients was 44.5 years (range: 12-87 years). The reason for treatment of the malformation was: an increase in size (n=8), local bleeding (n=11), risk of bleeding during dental extraction (n=5), pain (n=1), and esthetic purposes (n=3). Lesions were located in the mucosa of the cheek (n=12), in the facial gingiva (n=5), in the labial mucosa (n=6), in the tongue (n=3), in the pterygomandibular region (n=1), and in the palate (n=1). The median dose of ethanol was 3.2mL. Twenty lesions disappeared after a single injection session, five after two sessions, two after three sessions, and one after five sessions. In 20 cases all signs of the lesions disappeared, in 6 a bluish macule persisted, and in 2 a mass effect persisted. The symptoms improved in all patients. Only transient complications of sclerotherapy were observed: local inflammation, perioral paresthesia in two patients, and necrosis of the mucosa of the cheek in one. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol sclerotherapy is an efficacious procedure for treating vascular malformations in the oral cavity.

The prevalence of oral leukoplakia in 138 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship between oral leukoplakia (OL) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and to evaluate possible differences between those carcinomas with and without associated leukoplakia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 138 patients were studied at the Stomatology Service of the University General Hospital, Valencia, Spain. These patients were divided into two groups: group 1, patients with oral cancer and leukoplakia, and group 2, patients with OSCC but with no associated premalignant lesions. The relationship between this precancerous lesion and the OSCC was evaluated, as well as the possible clinical and histological differences between the tumours of the two groups. RESULTS: Leukoplakia was detected in 27 (19.56%) patients with OSCC. No differences were found between the two groups regarding age and tumour location. However, statistically significant differences were observed with respect to the form, tumour stage and the presence of adenopathies in the cancers with and without leukoplakia; in that the tumours associated with leukoplakia were diagnosed as being at a more initial stage. CONCLUSIONS: Those patients with OL associated with oral cancer presented with tumours at a less advanced stage than those where no associated leukoplakia existed.

A comparative study between INR and the determination of prothrombin time with the Coaguchek(r) portable coagulometer in the dental treatment of anticoagulated patients.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the usefulness of the Coaguchek(r) portable coagulometer for determining the International Normalized Ratio (INR) in dental practice. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 139 INR determinations were made in 88 patients anticoagulated with acenocoumarol (Sintrom(r)) for thrombotic pathology, based on the habitual laboratory procedure (Sample 1). Posteriorly and prior to dental treatment, INR was again determined using the Coaguchek(r) portable device (Sample 2). Both determinations were subsequently compared to evaluate possible significant differences between them, applying the Student t-test for paired data and regression measures. RESULTS: The mean INR in Sample 1 was not significantly different to that recorded with the Coaguchek(r) portable device (Sample 2) (2,31 0,81 versus 2,28 0,82, respectively, t= 0,98; p= 0,32). A statistically significant relation was observed between the two samples (R= 0,92; p< 0,01). CONCLUSIONS: The Coaguchek(r) portable coagulometer is a valid instrument for determining INR in anticoagulated individuals, and constitutes an effective method in application to the outpatient dental treatment of such patients.

[Transverse epidemiological study of caries in a rural child population in Cuenca]. / Estudio epidemiológico transversal de caries en población rural infantil de Cuenca.

We have explored a school-children population (6-7 years old--1st of EGB--) in the Health Area of Motilla del Palancar (Cuenca). In these early age, 20% of the children show dental caries in permanent teeth; plaque index by Quigley-Hein is 2.00, finding that plaque index is superior in permanent teeth than temporary teeth. We detect cariogenic dietetic habits. Desired minimum oral hygiene level (one tooth-brush a day) appeared in 23.5% of the examined population.