Machine learning dislocation density correlations and solute effects in Mg-based alloys.

Magnesium alloys, among the lightest structural materials, represent excellent candidates for lightweight applications. However, industrial applications remain limited due to relatively low strength and ductility. Solid solution alloying has been shown to enhance Mg ductility and formability at relatively low concentrations. Zn solutes are significantly cost effective and common. However, the intrinsic mechanisms by which the addition of solutes leads to ductility improvement remain controversial. Here, by using a high throughput analysis of intragranular characteristics through data science approaches, we study the evolution of dislocation density in polycrystalline Mg and also, Mg-Zn alloys. We apply machine learning techniques in comparing electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) images of the samples before/after alloying and before/after deformation to extract the strain history of individual grains, and to predict the dislocation density level after alloying and after deformation. Our results are promising given that moderate predictions (coefficient of determination [Formula: see text] ranging from 0.25 to 0.32) are achieved already with a relatively small dataset ([Formula: see text] 5000 sub-millimeter grains).

[Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to nocturia in Primary Care]. / Aproximación diagnóstica y terapéutica de la nocturia en Atención Primaria.

Nocturia is the interruption of the main sleep, one or more times, due to the need for urination. It is associated with a decrease in the quality of life and an increase in mortality. It is a complex and multifactorial symptom in which two pathophysiological mechanisms are mainly involved. These occur alone or in combination as nocturnal polyuria or decreased bladder capacity. Nocturnal polyuria is the most frequent. The preparation of a bladder diary is the key to diagnosis. Treatment usually combines lifestyle changes and drug therapy. Desmopressin has proven to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment in patients with nocturnal polyuria. The risk of hyponatraemia should be controlled in patients treated with desmopressin.

First experimental observation of shear induced hcp to bcc transformation in pure Zr.

Shear stresses are shown to induce the alpha (hcp) to omega (simple hexagonal) plus beta (bcc) transformation in pure Zr at room temperature. The beta Zr thus fabricated is stable at 1 atm and room temperature. This phase has so far only been found to occur at high pressures (P>30 GPa) and/or at high temperatures (T>1135 K). This experimental observation provides new insights about the physical processes underlying allotropic transformations and opens the door to future investigations aiming to stabilize high temperature or pressure phases at ambient conditions.

Projeto de vigilância epidemiológica em ecotoxicologia de pesticidas: abordagem preliminar / Epidemiological surveillance project in pesticides ecotoxicology. Preliminary approach

Säo relatados resultados iniciais de Projeto de Vigilância epidemiológica implantado em 1982 na regiäo de Campinas, interior do Estado de Säo Paulo, o qual, sob abordagem ecológica, analisa em vários aspectos a utilizaçäo dos pesticidas e as conseqüencias do seu uso indevido sobre a saúde da populaçäo rural trabalhadora

The effect of different fiber sources on the neutral steroid excretions of hypercholesterolemic casein fed rabbits.

Four groups of 14 New Zealand white rabbits were made hypercholesterolemic by feeding them during four months on a casein semi-synthetic diet containing 21% sawdust. Then 10% sawdust was replaced by cellulose, citrus pectin and wheat bran respectively in three groups, while the fourth group continued on the original sawdust containing diet. A control group consisted of four "chow" fed animals. Excretion of faecal neutral steroids (FNS) was determined periodically. Citrus pectin significantly increased the amounts of FNS excreted after five week. FNS levels were not significantly affected by the other fiber sources, but it tended to be higher on cellulose and wheat bran diets than on the sawdust diet.