Volaemic status and dyspepsia in end-stage renal disease patients.

AIM: Studies in animals show a relationship between extracellular volume and gastrointestinal motility. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients present fluid overload and frequent dyspeptic symptoms. We looked for an association between volaemic status and dyspepsia among ESRD patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD). METHODS: We studied 155 ESRD patients on HD. Their volaemic status was evaluated using bioimpedance analysis. Fluid overload (FO) in litres and relative fluid overload (rFO) in percentage were calculated. rFO > 15% was classified as hypervolaemia. Dyspepsia was assessed through the Porto Alegre Dyspeptic Symptoms Questionnaire (PADYQ). PADYQ scores equal to or greater than 6 classified patients as dyspeptic. Characteristics of patients with and without dyspepsia were compared. Pearson's test was used to test the correlation between continuous variables. Multivariate linear and logistic regressions were performed to test FO as predictor of dyspepsia score and the presence of dyspepsia. RESULTS: There were 64 (41.2%) patients with dyspepsia. Dyspeptics presented higher FO (2.5 ± 1.8 L vs 1.0 ± 1.8 L; P < 0.001) and higher rFO (16 ± 9.9% vs 4.8 ± 12.0%; P < 0.001). Dyspepsia score was positively correlated with FO (r = 0.300; P < 0.001) and with rFO (r = 0.256; P = 0.001). There were more patients with hypervolaemia among dyspeptics compared to non-dyspeptics (65.6% vs 17.6%; P < 0.001). FO was an independent predictor of dyspepsia score (b = 1.036; P < 0.001) and the presence of dyspepsia (OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.55-2.50; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Hypervolaemia is associated with dyspepsia among ESRD patients on HD.

Comparison of baseline data between chronic kidney disease patients starting hemodialysis who live near and far from the dialysis center.

INTRODUCTION: The treatment offered to chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients before starting hemodialysis (HD) impacts prognosis. OBJECTIVE: We seek differences among incident HD patients according to the distance between home and the dialysis center. METHODS: We included 179 CKD patients undergoing HD. Patients were stratified in two groups: "living near the dialysis center" (patients whose hometown was in cities up to 100 km from the dialysis center) or as "living far from the dialysis center" (patients whose hometown was more than 100 km from the dialysis center). Socioeconomic status, laboratory results, awareness of CKD before starting HD, consultation with nephrologist before the first HD session, and type of vascular access when starting HD were compared between the two groups. Comparisons of continuous and categorical variables were performed using Student's t-test and the Chi-square test, respectively. RESULTS: Ninety (50.3%) patients were classified as "living near the dialysis center" and 89 (49.7%) as "living far from the dialysis center". Patients living near the dialysis center were more likely to know about their condition of CKD than those living far from the dialysis center, respectively 46.6% versus 28.0% (p = 0.015). Although without statistical significance, patients living near the dialysis center had more frequent previous consultation with nephrologists (55.5% versus 42.6%; p = 0.116) and first HD by fistula (30.0% versus 19.1%; p = 0.128) than those living far from the dialysis center. CONCLUSION: There are potential advantages of CKD awareness, referral to nephrologists and starting HD through fistula among patients living near the dialysis center.

Comparison of baseline data between chronic kidney disease patients starting hemodialysis who live near and far from the dialysis center / Comparação dos dados de base entre pacientes com doença renal crônica que iniciam hemodiálise que moram perto e longe da unidade de diálise

Introduction: The treatment offered to chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients before starting hemodialysis (HD) impacts prognosis. Objective: We seek differences among incident HD patients according to the distance between home and the dialysis center. Methods: We included 179 CKD patients undergoing HD. Patients were stratified in two groups: "living near the dialysis center" (patients whose hometown was in cities up to 100 km from the dialysis center) or as "living far from the dialysis center" (patients whose hometown was more than 100 km from the dialysis center). Socioeconomic status, laboratory results, awareness of CKD before starting HD, consultation with nephrologist before the first HD session, and type of vascular access when starting HD were compared between the two groups. Comparisons of continuous and categorical variables were performed using Student's t-test and the Chi-square test, respectively. Results: Ninety (50.3%) patients were classified as "living near the dialysis center" and 89 (49.7%) as "living far from the dialysis center". Patients living near the dialysis center were more likely to know about their condition of CKD than those living far from the dialysis center, respectively 46.6% versus 28.0% (p = 0.015). Although without statistical significance, patients living near the dialysis center had more frequent previous consultation with nephrologists (55.5% versus 42.6%; p = 0.116) and first HD by fistula (30.0% versus 19.1%; p = 0.128) than those living far from the dialysis center. Conclusion: There are potential advantages of CKD awareness, referral to nephrologists and starting HD through fistula among patients living near the dialysis center. .

Introdução: O tratamento da doença renal crônica (DRC) anterior ao início da hemodiálise (HD) tem impacto sobre o prognóstico. Objetivo: Comparar diferenças entre pacientes incidentes em HD de acordo com a distância entre moradia e a unidade de diálise. Métodos: Foram incluídos 179 pacientes com DRC em HD. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: "residentes perto da unidade de diálise" (moradia até 100 km da unidade de diálise) e "residentes longe da unidade de diálise" (moradia a mais de 100 km da unidade de diálise). Nível socioeconômico, resultados laboratoriais, conhecimento sobre DRC antes de iniciar HD, consulta com nefrologista antes da primeira sessão de HD e tipo de acesso vascular ao iniciar HD foram comparados entre os dois grupos. As comparações entre variáveis contínuas e categóricas foram feitas pelos testes t de Student e qui-quadrado, respectivamente. Resultados: Noventa (50,3%) pacientes foram classificados como "morando perto" e 89 (49,7%) "morando longe". Havia mais pacientes morando perto da unidade de diálise com conhecimento sobre DRC do que os pacientes morando longe, respectivamente, 46,6% versus 28,0% (p = 0,015). Mesmo sem significado estatístico, havia mais pacientes morando perto da unidade de diálise que se consultaram previamente com nefrologista (55,5% versus 42,6%; p = 0,116) e que iniciaram HD por fístula (30,0% versus 191,1%; p = 0,128) do que os pacientes morando longe. Conclusão: Existem vantagens potenciais em relação ao conhecimento da DRC, encaminhamento ao nefrologista e início de HD por fístula entre os pacientes que moram perto da unidade de diálise. .