Factors Associated With Dietary Behaviour Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Indonesia.

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the fastest-growing diseases and most serious major health problems worldwide. Few studies have focused on the association of social support with diabetes-related dietary behaviour. Objective: To examine the relationship between social support and dietary behaviour among patients with diabetes in a rural area of Indonesia. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that included 120 physically healthy patients above 18 years old with T2DM for at least 6 months. Data analysis was done using a stepwise regression model. Results: The mean age was 61.97 years (SD = 7.85, range = 52-74); 86.7% of the participants were females. Social support (ß = 0.272, p = <0.001), diabetes medications (ß = 0.169, p = 0.003), duration of diabetes (ß = 0.118, p = 0.0047), and presence of diabetes complications (ß = 0.197, p = 0.008) were significant predictors of dietary behaviour and accounted for 34.2% of the variance. Conclusions: Social support, diabetes medications, presence of diabetes complications, and duration of diabetes were associated with improved dietary behaviour. Therefore, social support should be considered when designing dietary interventions for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Determinant Factors of Alcohol Consumption Among Indonesian Adolescents Through Parents' Attention: Findings from a National Survey.

AIM: The specific goals of this study were to investigate the determinant factors of alcohol consumption in Indonesian adolescents. METHOD: The research design used is a survey with a cross-sectional approach using data from Indonesia-Global School-Based Student Health Survey 2015. The sample consisted of adolescents aged 13-17 years who attended school in all regions of Indonesia. The total sample was 11 142 teenagers. For the data analysis, frequency distribution, percentage, chi-square, and multinomial logistic regression were used. RESULTS: Factors that affect alcohol consumption in adolescents in Indonesia were age, gender, and parental attention related to academics (p < .001). Early teens were 1.5 times more likely to consume alcohol (95% CI: 1.204--1.778) compared to late teens. Good parental attention to adolescent academics can inhibit alcohol consumption by 0.8 times (95% CI: 0.762-0.887) compared to parents who do not pay attention to academics. CONCLUSION: Factors that influence teenagers to consume alcohol are age, gender, and parents' who does not pay attention to adolescent academics. Involving the role of parents is a strategic part of the alcohol consumption prevention program in adolescents.

Socioeconomic Disparities in Hospital Utilization Among Female Workers in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: The study aims to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic and hospital utilization among female workers in Indonesia. METHODS: The study analyzed secondary data from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Survey. The study gathered 161 186 female workers through stratification and multistage random sampling. As control factors, the study looked at age, marital status, education, occupation, and health insurance, in addition to the categories of socioeconomic and hospital utilization. The study used binary logistic regression to evaluate the data in the final step. RESULTS: The result shows female workers with poorer wealth status are 1.142 times more likely than the most impoverished female workers to utilize the hospital (AOR 1.142; 95% CI 1.135-1.148). Female workers with median wealth status are 1.509 times more likely than the poorest female workers to take advantage of the hospital (AOR 1.509; 95% CI 1.501-1.517). Female workers with wealthier wealth status are 1.808 times more likely than the poorest female workers to use the hospital (AOR 1.808; 95% CI 1.799-1.817). The wealthiest female workers are 2.399 times more likely than the poorest female workers to utilize the hospital (2.399; 95% CI 2.387-2.411). CONCLUSION: The study concluded a relationship between socioeconomic status and hospital utilization among female workers in Indonesia. The better the socioeconomic, the better the hospital utilization.

The Effect of Educational Program on Hypertension Management Toward Knowledge and Attitude Among Uncontrolled Hypertension Patients in Rural Area of Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a major public health threat affecting adults worldwide. The low hypertension management knowledge causes uncontrolled high blood pressure and it's a complication. It requires patients with uncontrolled hypertension to increase adherence to either pharmacological therapy or nonpharmacological therapy aimed at achieving normal blood pressure. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a short-term educational program on hypertension management related knowledge and attitude among uncontrolled hypertension patients in Malang, Indonesia. METHODS: The research design used a Quasi-Experimental study with the design of one group pre-post-test. The participants were 41 uncontrolled hypertension patients chosen by purposive sampling at the Ciptomulyo Public Health Center. The questionnaires were used to collect the data. The Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale (HK-LS) questionnaire was used to determine the knowledge of uncontrolled hypertension patients. KAP questionnaire was used to determine the attitude of the participants. The data were analyzed statistically using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. RESULTS: The majority of respondents were aged 55-65 (54%), female (83%), housewife (76%), graduated elementary school (71%), and long suffered from hypertension >1 year (68%). The result showed that the provision of the educational program increases knowledge (p = 0,000) and attitude (p = 0,008) of patients on the management of hypertension. CONCLUSION: Health education could improve hypertension management knowledge and attitude among uncontrolled hypertension in the rural area. Furthermore, Health providers should consider giving the education among uncontrolled hypertension.

A belief-based parenting behavior model for promoting family's ability to care for children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in Indonesia.

Background: Family's ability to care for children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a central indicator in preventing the children from worse nutritional disorders. Environmental factor, child factor, caregiving behavioral systems, and beliefs can improve the family's ability to care for children. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of environmental factor, child factor, caregiving behavioral systems, and beliefs on the family's ability to care for children with ARFID. Design and Methods: This cross-sectional research was carried out on 245 families with children suffering from ARFID in Malang Regency, in the working area of the Health Office of Malang Regency. The population of this research was families with children suffering from ARFID within the working area of the Health Office of Malang Regency. The research sample size was computed using the rule of thumb in structural equation modeling (SEM), the sample size used was 245. Results: Results showed that the family's ability to care for children with ARFID was highly influenced by the caregiver's belief (t = 21.796; ß = 0.713). Caregiver's belief became a dominant factor in the promotion of the family's ability to care for children with ARFID. A caregiver's belief was influenced by his/her behavior. Conclusions: It was concluded that the caregiver's belief serves as a primary factor in the promotion of the family's ability to care for children with ARFID. A caregiver's behavior holds a prominent role in influencing his/her belief in providing care for children suffering from ARFID.