From secondary school to university: associations between sport participation and total and domain-specific sedentary behaviours in Spanish students.

Effective ways to reduce sedentary behaviour in adolescents are needed to mitigate the risk of chronic disease and poor mental health. Organised sport participation is the most practiced physical activity during adolescence. However, the influence sport participation has on sedentary behaviours remains unclear. This study investigated the associations between sport participation, total and domain-specific sedentary behaviour and physical activity during the transition from secondary school to university. A 3-year longitudinal survey followed Spanish secondary school students (n = 113) to their first year of university. Generalized linear models, adjusted by gender and year, assessed the relationships between sport participation, total and domain-specific sedentary behaviour and physical activity. Compared with non-sport participants, teenagers who played individual sports from baseline during secondary school spent significantly less total time sitting (- 110.5 min/day at weekends), watching television (- 18.7 min/day at weekends) or using the computer for leisure (- 37.4 min/day weekdays). Those who played team sports from baseline at secondary school spent less time sitting (- 126.4 min/day at weekends) or socialising (- 37 min/day at weekends)Conclusion: From secondary school to university, sport participation-based interventions might be an effective strategy to reduce sitting time spent on some domain-specific behaviours. Promoting sports could reduce the rise of sedentary behaviour during adolescence, a stage where sedentary behaviour evolves. What is Known: • Sitting too much and for too long is an important risk factor during adolescence. • Replacing adolescent's sedentary time with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity has been associated with a better quality of life. What is New: • Playing sport is associated with spending less time in total SB on the transition from high school to college. • Not all SB domains are linked to sport participation with associations differing from whether participants played individual or team sports.

The Introduction of Entropy and Information Methods to Ecology by Ramon Margalef.

In ecology and evolution, entropic methods are now used widely and increasingly frequently. Their use can be traced back to Ramon Margalef's first attempt 70 years ago to use log-series to quantify ecological diversity, including searching for ecologically meaningful groupings within a large assemblage, which we now call the gamma level. The same year, Shannon and Weaver published a generally accessible form of Shannon's work on information theory, including the measure that we now call Shannon-Wiener entropy. Margalef seized on that measure and soon proposed that ecologists should use the Shannon-Weiner index to evaluate diversity, including assessing local (alpha) diversity and differentiation between localities (beta). He also discussed relating this measure to environmental variables and ecosystem processes such as succession. Over the subsequent decades, he enthusiastically expanded upon his initial suggestions. Finally, 2019 also would have been Margalef's 100th birthday.

A new HLA-B allele, B*44:203, sequenced in a Spanish Caucasian cord blood unit.

HLA-B*44:203 shows one nucleotide difference to B*44:03:01 at codon 171 (TAC>CAC, Y171>H171).

A new HLA allele, HLA-B*08:108, described in two unrelated Spanish individuals.

HLA-B*08:108 shows one nucleotide difference regarding B*08:01:01 at codon 109 (CTC>TTC, L109>F109).

Description of two new HLA alleles, A*01:128 and C*05:88, identified in Spanish individuals.

Two novels alleles, HLA-A*01:128 and HLA-C*05:88 are characterized.

Cuidados postoperatorios incluyendo tratamiento del dolor. Recomendaciones para la elaboración de un protocolo / Postoperative care including pain treatment. Recommendations for protocol design

Los cuidados postoperatorios tienen como objetivo principal identificar y tratar precozmente las posibles complicaciones derivadas de la cirugía y/o de la anestesia. En los últimos años, diversas sociedades científicas han publicado guías de práctica clínica para garantizar una atención postoperatoria de calidad y optimizar la seguridad del paciente. Los avances en el conocimiento de la fisiopatología del dolor, de las técnicas regionales y de nuevas modalidades analgésicas han sido recogidos también desde la perspectiva de guías para el tratamiento del dolor agudo postoperatorio. La siguiente revisión aborda los aspectos más importantes de los cuidados postoperatorios, incluyendo el tratamiento del dolor, evaluando dichas guías de práctica clínica y sugiriendo recomendaciones para cada uno de los aspectos estudiados (AU)

The main objective of postoperative care is the prompt identification and treatment of the possible complications of surgery and/or anesthesia. In the last few years, several scientific societies have published clinical practice guidelines to guarantee high-quality postoperative care and optimize patient safety. Advances in the knowledge of the physiopathology of pain, regional techniques and new analgesic modalities have also been included in guidelines for the treatment of acute postoperative pain. This review discusses the most important aspects of postoperative care, including the treatment of pain, by evaluating these clinical practice guidelines and suggesting recommendations for each of the topics studied (AU)

Description of two novel HLA-B alleles, B*37:34 and B*44:152.

Two novel HLA-B alleles were characterized. HLA-B*37:34 shows two nucleotide differences regarding B*37:10 at codons 79 (CGC>CGG) and 80 (ACC>ATC), resulting in one amino acid replacement at position 80 (T>I). HLA-B*44:152 differs from B*44:02:01 in one nucleotide at codon 81 (GCG>ACG) giving rise to a leucine to threonine substitution at position 81.

Description of HLA-A*33:49 in a Spanish cord blood unit.

A*33:49 has one nucleotide change regarding A*33:01:01 at exon 3, producing an amino acid replacement at codon 97, M97 to I97.

Sequencing of a new HLA-DRB1*04:98 allele in a Spanish donor.

DRB1*04:98 shows four nucleotide changes regarding DRB1*04:01:01, resulting in two amino acids replacement at positions A73G and A74R.

Report of a novel B*3579 allele in an Ecuadorian family: confirmation and extension of A*6836 and B*3922 sequences.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I sequencing typing of a cord blood unit obtained from an Ecuadorian family showed the presence of the recently described A*6836 and B*3922 alleles. Sequences of these two antigens were confirmed and completed. Additionally, a new HLA-B allele, B*3579, was found in the same family, showing a difference of one amino acid residue at position 211 (Ala > Glu) compared with B*3543.

Description of a new HLA-B allele: HLA-B*4077.

HLA-B*4077 differs from B*400101, B*4036, and B*401401 in five, four, and three nucleotides, respectively. However, amino acid alignment would indicate a closer relationship with B*4036 allele, showing a single amino acid replacement at codon 131 (R>S).

HLA-B*9523 increases the extremely high B*15-group polymorphism.

HLA-B*9523 differs from B*1591 and B*1503 in point nucleotide mutations at codon 167 (TCG --> TGG) and 152 (GAG --> GTG), respectively.

A new human leukocyte antigen DRB1 allele, HLA-DRB1*1375.

DRB1*1375 differs from DRB1*1304 allele in a point nucleotide mutation at codon 67 (ATC-->TTC), which produces an amino acid residue change from I to F.

Organization of an umbilical cord blood transplant program.

The development of the human umbilical cord blood transplants with hematopoietic repopulating cells has enabled some problems associated with bone marrow transplants to be solved. Frozen umbilical cord blood banks should facilitate the finding of suitable stem cell donors. However, further experience is necessary to develop the optimal method for collection, separation, storage and cryopreservation of umbilical cord blood. We report our experience in the organization of a Cord Blood Bank.