The specifics of interaction with patients and their relatives as a factor of emotional condition of oncologists.

The paper considers issue of professional burnout of oncologists through the prism of their relationship with patients and their close relatives. The study was carried out using direct and online sociological survey method. The sample included 534 specialists being in constant contact with cancer patients. The results revealed pronounced prevalence of such main burnout domains as emotional exhaustion (55%), depersonalization (19%), reduction of professional achievements (22%). The most common methods of dealing with stress were recreation, sports, communication with immediate relatives, hobbies, walking (7-20%), 4% used alcohol. The high frequency of patient requests to oncologist for psychological support (88%) was established as well as difficulties in communication between doctor and patient because available communication skills are not always sufficient for 76% of oncologists. The majority of respondents support idea of patient need for psychological support and its effectiveness for their treatment and physical and emotional conditions. The similar trends were found in case of close relatives of patients. At the same time some oncologists expressed negative, stigmatizing attitudes towards patients in need of psychological support that requires additional educational work. In oncologists, even when need for psychological support is expressed by patient, willingness to seek it is low: a third of respondents are "rather not ready" to see psychologist even if they had this opportunity. The results meet data of other researches data and reveal that interaction with patients and their relatives is one of the main factors affecting the emotional state of oncologists. Based on study results as well as on publication analysis, comprehensive solution was proposed to implement psychological oncologic service in Russia, which, on one hand, will allow to provide support to cancer patients and their relatives, and on the other hand, will conduct specific training for oncologists concerning skills of psychologically safe communication with patients and coping with negative experiences.

[HOSPITAL EMPLOYEES IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: WORKING CONDITIONS, LOYALTY AND EMOTIONAL STATE].

The spread of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) required dramatic changes in the healthcare system, the work of medical workers under extreme stress and an increased threat of infection. In order to formulate general recommendations for preventive work with employees in emergency conditions, a study was carried out of the current nature of work, the emotional state of medical workers and staff loyalty. In a multidisciplinary hospital in Moscow (City Clinical Hospital N 52) in the fall of 2020, a survey of hospital employees (595 people) was carried out according to the author's questionnaire with the additional use of the methodology for measuring the burnout syndrome index (MBI) and loyalty index (eNPS). A number of changes in the nature of work of medical workers were revealed, which had a significant impact on their emotional state, such as changes in the usual functionality, place and mode of work. Despite the negative aspects of working conditions, during the pandemic, the employee loyalty index remained quite high (eNPS = 24), doctors were the most loyal, and junior and middle staff were the least loyal. The assessment of the organizational aspects of the work as a whole was also quite high. The close connection between psychoemotional factors and the loyalty of the organization's employees was confirmed. The study made it possible to offer general recommendations for the development of preventive algorithms for working with employees in case of emergency.