Satisfacción con el peso y rasgos de trastorno del comportamiento alimentario en secundaria / Satisfaction with weight and characteristics of eating disorders in high school

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las enfermedades relacionadas con los trastornos del comportamiento alimentario han incrementado su prevalencia entre los adolescentes. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la satisfacción con el peso corporal de los escolares en relación con su índice de masa corporal y las estrategias que utilizan para el control de la dieta. MÉTODO: Mil novecientos noventa y siete alumnos de enseñanza secundaria obligatoria (12 a 18 años) contestaron un cuestionario sobre hábitos alimentarios y de control de peso corporal, además se les pesó y talló, y se calculó el índice de masa corporal. RESULTADOS: Un 68,1% de los escolares tiene una relación de satisfacción con su peso e índice de masa corporal adecuados, una mayor insatisfacción con el peso se asocia con el sobrepeso (OR = 10,23) y obesidad (OR = 16,60). Los alumnos con sobrepeso hacen dieta asesorándose principalmente por un médico o la familia, mientras que en los escolares con normopeso hay un amplio porcentaje que realiza dieta por su cuenta. Un 13,87% de los escolares ha realizado actividades compensatorias ante ingestas excesivas; un índice de masa corporal de sobrepeso se asocia a más del doble de riesgo (OR > 2,00), con el empleo de medidas como la actividad física, el vómito o el ayuno para compensar una ingesta excesiva. CONCLUSIONES: Hay más posibilidades de insatisfacción corporal en los escolares con sobrepeso y obesidad. Los alumnos con sobrepeso tienen más posibilidades de utilizar maniobras, como el vómito, para compensar los excesos de ingesta

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of diseases related to eating behaviour disorders has increased among adolescents. The objective of this study is to analyse the satisfaction with body weight of schoolchildren as regards their body mass index and the strategies used to control the diet. METHOD: A total of 1197 students from secondary education (12-18 years) answered a questionnaire on eating habits and body weight control. Their weight and height was measured and body mass index was calculated. RESULTS: More than two-thirds (68.1%) of students who had an adequate BMI were satisfied with their weight. Greater dissatisfaction with the weight is associated with overweight (OR = 10.23) and obesity (OR = 16.60). Students with overweight are on a diet consulting an expert such as a physician or even the family, whereas among schoolchildren with normal weight there is a large percentage on a diet on their own. A 13.87% of the schoolchildren have been undertaken Compensatory activities before excessive eating has been undertaken by 13.87% of the schoolchildren. An overweight BMI is associated, with more than twice the risk (OR > 2.00), with the use of measures such as physical activity, vomiting, or fasting to compensate an excessive intake. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obese schoolchildren are more likely to be dissatisfied with their body, and are more likely to use ploys such as vomiting, in order to compensate for the excess intake

[Satisfaction with weight and characteristics of eating disorders in high school]. / Satisfacción con el peso y rasgos de trastorno del comportamiento alimentario en secundaria.

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of diseases related to eating behaviour disorders has increased among adolescents. The objective of this study is to analyse the satisfaction with body weight of schoolchildren as regards their body mass index and the strategies used to control the diet. METHOD: A total of 1197 students from secondary education (12-18 years) answered a questionnaire on eating habits and body weight control. Their weight and height was measured and body mass index was calculated. RESULTS: More than two-thirds (68.1%) of students who had an adequate BMI were satisfied with their weight. Greater dissatisfaction with the weight is associated with overweight (OR=10.23) and obesity (OR=16.60). Students with overweight are on a diet consulting an expert such as a physician or even the family, whereas among schoolchildren with normal weight there is a large percentage on a diet on their own. A 13.87% of the schoolchildren have been undertaken Compensatory activities before excessive eating has been undertaken by 13.87% of the schoolchildren. An overweight BMI is associated, with more than twice the risk (OR>2.00), with the use of measures such as physical activity, vomiting, or fasting to compensate an excessive intake. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obese schoolchildren are more likely to be dissatisfied with their body, and are more likely to use ploys such as vomiting, in order to compensate for the excess intake.

[Nutricional adequacy of students of compulsory secondary education in Badajoz]. / Adecuación nutricional de la ingesta de los estudiantes de secundaria de Badajoz.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate nutricional adequacy of students of compulsory secondary education (ESO) in Badajoz, Spain. METHODS: We included 1197 students of ESO from 12 to 18 years old, 49.9% male and 50.1% female, which is a representative sample of this population. They filled in a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) self-administered and previously validated in a pilot study. Nutrients were quantified from FFQ with a food composition table (Novartis, 2004) and nutritional Adequacy Index (AI) was calculated according to Spanish Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). Nutritional adequacy of a nutrient was measured by the following relation: mean daily intake of the nutrient / RDA of that nutrient * 100. RESULTS: Average caloric intake of secondary education students is not very high, protein AI is over 200%, and cholesterol over 150%, being appropriate the intake of carbohydrates and lipids. The intake of fiber, vitamin E and iodine was lower than 50% in both genders; the one of iron less than 90% in females and there were no other differences between both genders. Only 1% to 3% of students reach RDA of fiber, iodine and vitamin E, and 37.3% of female reach RDA of iron. Cholesterol dietary intake of 17.2% males and 25.3% females is high, and saturated fatty acids intake is high in 46.1% males and 50.0% females. CONCLUSIONS: Diet of students of secondary education in Badajoz is normocaloric, hyperproteic, appropriate in carbohydrates and lipids, without differences between genders; it is very deficient in fiber, iodine and vitamin E in both genders and deficient in iron in females. We can see their diet is far from Mediterranean diet, and this is why education plans about food intake are advised to the students and their families.

Adecuación nutricional de la ingesta de los estudiantes de secundaria de Badajoz / Nutricional adequacy of students of compulsory secondary education in Badajoz

Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio ha sido evaluar la adecuación nutricional de la ingesta de los estudiantes de la educación secundaria obligatoria (ESO) de Badajoz, España. Metodología: Incluimos un total de 1197 alumnos de ESO entre 12 y 18 años con un 49,9% hombres y 50.1% de mujeres, lo que supone una muestra representativa de esta población. Han realizado un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos (CFCA) autoadministrado y previamente validado en un estudio piloto. Los nutrientes se cuantificaron a partir del cuestionario con la Tabla de composición de alimentos (Novartis, 2004) y se calculó el Índice de Adecuación Nutricional (IAN) según las Ingestas Dietéticas Recomendadas (IDR) españolas. La adecuación nutricional de un nutriente se valoró mediante la siguiente relación: Ingesta media diaria de un nutriente / IDR del nutriente * 100. Resultados: En promedio, la ingesta calórica de los alumnos de secundaria no es excesiva, el IAN de proteínas sobrepasa el 200%, y el colesterol supera el 150% en ambos sexos, siendo adecuada la ingesta de carbohidratos y lípidos. La ingesta de fibra, vitamina E y yodo presentó un IAN inferior al 50% en ambos sexos; la de hierro, inferior al 90% en las mujeres y no existe deficiencias de otros micro-nutrientes. En proporción de alumnos, solamente entre un 1% y un 3% de los alumnos llegan a las IDR de fibra, yodo y vitamina E y un 37,3% de las mujeres toman suficiente hierro. Un 17,2% de los varones y un 25,3% de las mujeres toman una cantidad excesiva de colesterol con la dieta, el 46,1% de los varones y el 50,0% de las mujeres toman una cantidad excesiva de ácidos grasos saturados. Conclusiones: La dieta de los estudiantes de secundaria de Badajoz es normocalórica, hiperproteica, con un aporte normal de carbohidratos y lípidos, sin diferencias entre sexos; es muy deficitaria en fibra, yodo y vitamina E en ambos sexos y escasa en hierro en las mujeres. Observamos cómo se alejan de la dieta mediterránea, y por ello se aconsejan planes de reeducación sobre ingesta alimentaria, destinados a los alumnos y a sus familias (AU)

Objective: To evaluate nutricional adequacy of students of compulsory secondary education (ESO) in Badajoz, Spain. Methods: We included 1197 students of ESO from 12 to 18 years old, 49.9% male and 50.1% female, which is a representative sample of this population. They filled in a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) self-administered and previously validated in a pilot study. Nutrients were quantified from FFQ with a food composition table (Novartis, 2004) and nutritional Adequacy Index (AI) was calculated according to Spanish Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). Nutritional adequacy of a nutrient was measured by the following relation: mean daily intake of the nutrient / RDA of that nutrient * 100. Results: Average caloric intake of secondary education students is not very high, protein AI is over 200%, and cholesterol over 150%, being appropriate the intake of carbohydrates and lipids. The intake of fiber, vitamin E and iodine was lower than 50% in both genders; the one of iron less than 90% in females and there were no other differences between both genders. Only 1% to 3% of students reach RDA of fiber, iodine and vitamin E, and 37.3% of female reach RDA of iron. Cholesterol dietary intake of 17.2% males and 25.3% females is high, and saturated fatty acids intake is high in 46.1% males and 50.0% females. Conclusions: Diet of students of secondary education in Badajoz is normocaloric, hyperproteic, appropriate in carbohydrates and lipids, without differences between genders; it is very deficient in fiber, iodine and vitamin E in both genders and deficient in iron in females. We can see their diet is far from Mediterranean diet, and this is why education plans about food intake are advised to the students and their families (AU)

Myocardial Epstein-Barr virus-associated cardiac smooth-muscle neoplasm arising in a cardiac transplant recipient.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle proliferations have been reported in immunosuppressed patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and after organ transplantation. We report here a case of a histologically benign case arising in a 48-year-old male who had received immunosuppressive therapy 4 years earlier, after cardiac transplantation. In the necropsy performed for unrelated reasons, an incidental left intramyocardial tumor was discovered. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus was confirmed by EBER-1 in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of an Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle proliferation arising in the heart after cardiac transplantation and should be added to the potential complications of this kind of procedure.